CCIR System D
CCIR System D is an analog broadcast television system used in Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary and the People's Republic of China paired with PAL colour, and in Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan, North Korea, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus paired with SECAM colour.[1][2][3]
Initially known as the I.B.T.O. 625-line system this was the first 625-line system, developed by Mark Iosifovich Krivosheev in 1948,[4][5] and later associated with the SECAM and PAL color systems. Used on VHF only in most countries, it's usually combined with System K on UHF. In China it is used for both VHF and UHF.
Specifications
The general specifications for System D are listed below:[6]
| Frame rate | Interlace | Field rate | Line/frame | Line rate | Visual b/w | Vision mod. | Preemphasis | Sound mod. | Sound offset | Channel b/w |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | 2/1 | 50 | 625 | 15625 | 6 MHz. | Neg. | 50 μs | FM | +6.5 MHz. | 8 MHz. |
Plan showing VHF frequency ranges for ITU Systems
Television channels were arranged as follows:[7][8]
| Channel | Video carrier (MHz) | Audio carrier (MHz) |
|---|---|---|
| I | 41.75 | 48.25 |
| II | 49.75 | 56.25 |
| III | 59.25 | 65.75 |
| IV | 77.25 | 83.75 |
| 1 | 145.25 | 151.75 |
| 2 | 153.25 | 159.75 |
| 3 | 161.25 | 167.75 |
| 4 | 169.25 | 175.75 |
| 5 | 177.25 | 183.75 |
| 6 | 185.25 | 191.75 |
| 7 | 193.25 | 199.75 |
| 8 | 201.25 | 207.75 |
| 9 | 209.25 | 215.75 |
| Channel | Video carrier (MHz) | Audio carrier (MHz) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 49.75 | 56.25 |
| 2 | 59.25 | 65.75 |
| 3 | 77.25 | 83.75 |
| 4 | 85.25 | 91.75 |
| 5 | 93.25 | 99.75 |
| 6 | 175.25 | 181.75 |
| 7 | 183.25 | 189.75 |
| 8 | 191.25 | 197.75 |
| 9 | 199.25 | 205.75 |
| 10 | 207.25 | 213.75 |
| 11 | 215.25 | 221.75 |
| 12 | 223.25 | 229.75 |
| Channel | Frequency range (MHz) | Video carrier (MHz) | Audio carrier (MHz) | DTMB center frequency (MHz) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Band I | ||||
| 1 | 48.5-56.5 | 49.75 | 56.25 | 52.5 |
| 2 | 56.5-64.5 | 57.75 | 64.25 | 60.5 |
| 3 | 64.5-72.5 | 65.75 | 72.25 | 68.5 |
| 4 | 76-84 | 77.25 | 83.75 | 80 |
| 5 | 84-92 | 85.25 | 91.75 | 88 |
| Band III | ||||
| 6 | 167-175 | 168.25 | 174.25 | 171 |
| 7 | 175-183 | 176.25 | 182.75 | 179 |
| 8 | 183-191 | 184.25 | 190.75 | 187 |
| 9 | 191-199 | 192.25 | 198.75 | 195 |
| 10 | 199-207 | 200.25 | 206.75 | 203 |
| 11 | 207-215 | 208.25 | 214.75 | 211 |
| 12 | 215-223 | 216.25 | 222.75 | 219 |
| Ch | Video (MHz) | DTMB (MHz) | Audio (MHz) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | 471.25 | 474 | 477.75 |
| 14 | 479.25 | 482 | 485.75 |
| 15 | 487.25 | 490 | 493.75 |
| 16 | 495.25 | 498 | 501.75 |
| 17 | 503.25 | 506 | 509.75 |
| 18 | 511.25 | 514 | 517.75 |
| 19 | 519.25 | 522 | 525.75 |
| 20 | 527.25 | 530 | 533.75 |
| 21 | 535.25 | 538 | 541.75 |
| 22 | 543.25 | 546 | 549.75 |
| 23 | 551.25 | 554 | 557.75 |
| 24 | 559.25 | 562 | 565.75 |
| 25 | 605.25 | 610 | 611.75 |
| 26 | 613.25 | 618 | 619.75 |
| 27 | 621.25 | 626 | 627.75 |
| 28 | 629.25 | 634 | 635.75 |
| 29 | 637.25 | 642 | 643.75 |
| 30 | 645.25 | 650 | 651.75 |
| 31 | 653.25 | 658 | 659.75 |
| 32 | 661.25 | 666 | 667.75 |
| 33 | 669.25 | 674 | 675.75 |
| 34 | 677.25 | 682 | 683.75 |
| 35 | 685.25 | 690 | 691.75 |
| 36 | 693.25 | 698 | 699.75 |
| 37 | 701.25 | 706 | 707.75 |
| 38 | 709.25 | 714 | 715.75 |
| 39 | 717.25 | 722 | 723.75 |
| 40 | 725.25 | 730 | 731.75 |
| 41 | 733.25 | 738 | 739.75 |
| 42 | 741.25 | 746 | 747.75 |
| 43 | 749.25 | 754 | 755.75 |
| 44 | 757.25 | 762 | 763.75 |
| 45 | 765.25 | 770 | 771.75 |
| 46 | 773.25 | 778 | 779.75 |
| 47 | 781.25 | 786 | 787.75 |
| 48 | 789.25 | 794 | 795.75 |
| 49 | 797.25 | 802 | 803.75 |
| 50 | 805.25 | 810 | 811.75 |
| 51 | 813.25 | 818 | 819.75 |
| 52 | 821.25 | 826 | 827.75 |
| 53 | 829.25 | 834 | 835.75 |
| 54 | 837.25 | 842 | 843.75 |
| 55 | 845.25 | 850 | 851.75 |
| 56 | 853.25 | 858 | 859.75 |
| 57 | 861.25 | 866 | 867.75 |
| 58 | 871.25 | 874 | 877.75 |
| 59 | 879.25 | 882 | 885.75 |
| 60 | 887.25 | 890 | 893.75 |
| 61 | 895.25 | 898 | 901.75 |
| 62 | 903.25 | 906 | 909.75 |
- The original assignments of channels 25 to 57 were 2 MHz higher in frequency until c.1984. Channels 58 to 62 were deleted at this time.
References
- Report 624-4 Characteristics of television systems (PDF). UIT. 1990.
- "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms". August 30, 2012. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012.
- "Weltweite Fernsehsysteme (NTSC, PAL und SECAM)". www.paradiso-design.net. 2005. Retrieved 2023-03-06.
- ""M.I. Krivosheev: Participation in the development of mass TV broadcasting" - an exhibition at Ostankino TV Center".
- "Mark Iosifovich Krivosheev (1922-2018)".
- "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms". 2007-05-15. Archived from the original on 2007-05-15. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
- "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms". www.pembers.freeserve.co.uk. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
- "World Analogue Television Standards and Waveforms". www.pembers.freeserve.co.uk. Archived from the original on 30 August 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
External links
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