Fast blue optical transient

In astronomy, a fast blue optical transient (FBOT) is an explosion event similar to supernovas and Gamma-ray bursts which presents high optical luminosity between those but rises and decays faster and has its spectra concentrated on the blue range. It is caused by some very high-energy astrophysical process not yet understood but thought to be a type of supernova with events occurring at not more than 0.1% of the typical rate.[1]

Illustration of a FBOT

List
Transient Reported Date Observatory Notes
AT2018cow[2][3][4] 2018 June 16, 2018 ATLAS-HKO "The Cow"

Peak luminosity , exceeding that of superluminous supernovae

ZTF18abvkwla

(AT2018lug)[1][5]

 2020 September 12, 2018 Zwicky Transient Facility "The Koala"

Temperature over 40,000 Kelvin

CSS161010[6][7] 2020 October 10, 2016 CRTS Mass outflows at 55% the speed of light
AT2020xnd (ZTF20acigmel)[8][9] 2021 October 12, 2020 Zwicky Transient Facility "The Camel"
AT2020mrf[10][11] 2022 June 12, 2020 Spektr-RG, Zwicky Transient Facility 200 times more luminous on the X-ray spectrum at its peak than AT2018cow and CSS161010
  • Comparison between Supernova (SN), Gamma-ray burst (GRB) and Fast blue optical transient (FBOT)
    Comparison between Supernova (SN), Gamma-ray burst (GRB) and Fast blue optical transient (FBOT)
  • Bolometric luminosity of AT2018cow with a very fast and high peak
    Bolometric luminosity of AT2018cow with a very fast and high peak[3]
  • Spectra of AT2018cow with most of it around blue range (4000 Å)
    Spectra of AT2018cow with most of it around blue range (4000 Å)[3]
  • Luminosity of FBOTs compared with other astronomical transients
    Luminosity of FBOTs compared with other astronomical transients[6]
  • Star formation rate diagram for FBOTs.
    Star formation rate diagram for FBOTs.[10]

See also

References
  1. Ho, Anna Y. Q.; Perley, Daniel A.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Dong, Dillon Z. J.; De, Kishalay; Chandra, Poonam; Andreoni, Igor; Bellm, Eric C.; Burdge, Kevin B.; Coughlin, Michael; Dekany, Richard (26 May 2020). "The Koala: A Fast Blue Optical Transient with Luminous Radio Emission from a Starburst Dwarf Galaxy atz= 0.27". The Astrophysical Journal. 895 (1): 49. arXiv:2003.01222. Bibcode:2020ApJ...895...49H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab8bcf. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 211817823.
  2. Smartt, S. J.; et al. (17 June 2018). "ATLAS18qqn (AT2018cow) - a bright transient spatially coincident with CGCG 137-068 (60 Mpc)". The Astronomer's Telegram. 11727 (11727): 1. Bibcode:2018ATel11727....1S. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  3. Prentice, S. J.; Maguire, K.; Smartt, S. J.; Magee, M. R.; Schady, P.; Sim, S.; Chen, T.-W.; Clark, P.; Colin, C.; Fulton, M.; McBrien, O. (17 September 2018). "The Cow: Discovery of a Luminous, Hot, and Rapidly Evolving Transient". The Astrophysical Journal. 865 (1): L3. arXiv:1807.05965. Bibcode:2018ApJ...865L...3P. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aadd90. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 54703801.
  4. Castelvecchi, Davide (2 November 2018). "Holy Cow! Astronomers agog at mysterious new supernova". Nature. 563 (7730): 168–169. Bibcode:2018Natur.563..168C. doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07260-w. PMID 30401847. S2CID 53233136.
  5. "A Fast, Blue "Koala" Shines Bright in a Distant Galaxy". 15 May 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  6. Coppejans, D. L.; Margutti, R.; Terreran, G.; Nayana, A. J.; Coughlin, E. R.; Laskar, T.; Alexander, K. D.; Bietenholz, M.; Caprioli, D.; Chandra, P.; Drout, M. R. (26 May 2020). "A Mildly Relativistic Outflow from the Energetic, Fast-rising Blue Optical Transient CSS161010 in a Dwarf Galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal. 895 (1): L23. arXiv:2003.10503. Bibcode:2020ApJ...895L..23C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab8cc7. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 214623364.
  7. "Astrophysicists capture new class of transient objects". news.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  8. Perley, Daniel A; Ho, Anna Y Q; Yao, Yuhan; Fremling, Christoffer; Anderson, Joseph P; Schulze, Steve; Kumar, Harsh; Anupama, G C; Barway, Sudhanshu; Bellm, Eric C; Bhalerao, Varun (27 October 2021). "Real-time discovery of AT2020xnd: a fast, luminous ultraviolet transient with minimal radioactive ejecta". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 508 (4): 5138–5147. arXiv:2103.01968. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2785. ISSN 0035-8711.
  9. O'Callaghan, Jonathan (10 March 2021). "New Kind of Space Explosion Reveals the Birth of a Black Hole". Quanta Magazine. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  10. Yao, Yuhan; Ho, Anna Y. Q.; Medvedev, Pavel; A. J., Nayana; Perley, Daniel A.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Chandra, Poonam; Sazonov, Sergey; Gilfanov, Marat; Khorunzhev, Georgii; Khatami, David K.; Sunyaev, Rashid (1 August 2022). "The X-Ray and Radio Loud Fast Blue Optical Transient AT2020mrf: Implications for an Emerging Class of Engine-driven Massive Star Explosions". The Astrophysical Journal. 934 (2): 104. arXiv:2112.00751. Bibcode:2022ApJ...934..104Y. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7a41. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 244798769.
  11. "Astronomers Find Most Luminous "Cow" to Shine in X-Rays". California Institute of Technology. 10 January 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
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