University of Science and Technology of China

The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is a public research university in Hefei, Anhui, China. Under direct leadership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the university is co-funded by the Academy, the Ministry of Education of China, and the Anhui Provincial Government. Because of its dominant leadership position and reputation in Science & Engineering research, USTC is often being described as “Caltech of China” or "China's Caltech".[2]

This article is about the public research university in Hefei, Anhui. For the public university in Beijing, see University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. For the private technical colleges in Taipei, see China University of Science and Technology and China University of Technology.

University of Science and Technology of China
中国科学技术大学 (Chinese)
Motto红专并进，理实交融
Motto in English
Being both responsible and professional, integrating theory with practice
TypePublic research university
Established1958 (1958)
Parent institution
Chinese Academy of Sciences
PresidentBao Xinhe
Academic staff
2621[1]
Students16,718[1]
Undergraduates7,426[1]
Postgraduates9,292[1]
Location
Hefei
,
Anhui
,
China
CampusUrban
AffiliationsC9, AEARU, APRU
Websiteustc.edu.cn
ustc.edu
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中国科学技术大学
Traditional Chinese中國科學技術大學
Zhongkeda
Simplified Chinese中科大
Traditional Chinese中科大
Old North gate of the East Campus

The university was founded in Beijing by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1958. In the beginning of 1970, the university moved to Hefei during the Cultural Revolution.[3] The university was founded with the mission of addressing urgent needs to improve China's economy, defense infrastructure, and science and technology education. Its core strength is scientific and technological research, and more recently has expanded into humanities and management with a strong scientific and engineering emphasis. The university has 13 schools, 11 national research platforms, 8 science-education integration colleges, and 5 joint cooperative institutes with local governments.[4] The university is a member of C9 League and the Double First Class University Plan.[5][6]

USTC consistently ranked in world's top 100 universities in the most-widely read university rankings in the world such as the Academic Ranking of World Universities, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings and the QS World University Rankings.[7][8][9] Regarding scientific research output, the Nature Index 2022 ranked USTC 2nd in China and the Asia Pacific region, and 5th in the world among the global universities (after Harvard, Stanford, MIT, and UCAS).[10]

History

The university was founded in Beijing by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in September 1958. The Director of CAS, Mr. Guo Moruo was appointed the first president of USTC. USTC's founding mission was to develop a high-level science and technology workforce, as deemed critical for development of China's economy, defense, and science and technology education. The establishment was hailed as "A Major Event in the History of Chinese Education and Science." CAS has supported USTC by combining most of its institutes with the departments of the university. In 1959, USTC was listed in the top 16 national key universities, becoming the youngest national key university.[11]

In the beginning of 1970, the university moved to Hefei during the Cultural Revolution.[3]

Administration
  • Bao Xinhe (包信和), President
  • Shu Gequn (舒歌群), Party Secretary
  • Zhou Guangzhao, Honorary President
  • Bai Chunli, Honorary President

Presidents:[12]

  • Guo Moruo, September 1958 – June 1978
  • Yan Jici, February 1980 – September 1984
  • Guan Weiyan, April 1985 – January 1987
  • Teng Teng, January 1987 – February 1988
  • Gu Chaohao, February 1988 – July 1993
  • Tang Honggao, July 1993 – June 1998
  • Zhu Qingshi, June 1998 – September 2008
  • Hou Jianguo, September 2008 – January 2015
  • Wan Lijun, March 2015 – June 2017
  • Bao Xinhe, June 2017 – present[13]

Present
A sculpture near the library on the East Campus

Since its participation in the CAS Experimental Program of Knowledge Innovation, USTC has achieved a batch of important and innovative results in the basic research of nano science and technology,[14] quantum information science, life science research, fire science and fire protection technology, polar scientific investigation and research, bio-mass clean energy research.

General Rankings
University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World[15]62 (2022)
QS World[16]93 (2021)
THE World[17]74 (2023)
THE Reputation[18]51-60 (2021)
USNWR Global[19]102 (2023)
Regional – Overall
ARWU Asia[20]7 (2022)
QS BRICS[21]4 (2019)
THE Asia[22]10 (2020)
THE Emerging Economies[23]4 (2020)
National – Overall
THE National[24]4 (2021)
USNWR National[19]4 (2021)

USTC is generally considered one of the most competitive universities in the country,[25] and consistently ranked among the top universities in Asia according to several major international university rankings.[26][27] The joint THE-QS World University Rankings 2005 ranked USTC 4th in China (after Peking, Tsinghua and Fudan), 13th in Asia and 93rd in the world.[28] The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2011 placed USTC 49th in the world, 7th in Asia and 2nd in China after Peking.[29] It ranked 10th in Asia and 4th in Emerging countries & Mainland China after (Tsinghua, Peking and Zhejiang) in 2020 by Times Higher Education.[30][31]

As of 2022, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked USTC 74th overall in the world.[7] The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), also known as the "Shanghai Ranking", placed USTC 62nd in the world, 7th in Asia , and 5th in China.[8] The 2022 QS World University Rankings ranked USTC 93rd overall in the world.[9] The 2023 US News Best Global Universities ranked USTC 102nd overall in the world and 5th in Mainland China.[32] USTC is regarded as one of the most reputable Chinese universities by the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings where they ranked 51-60th globally.[33]

Research Strength and Subject Rankings

USTC has taken a leading position among Chinese universities on the number of high-quality research papers in science and engineering published internationally and in the citation rate of the papers. For example, the Nature Index Annual Tables 2022, which measures the largest groups of papers published in 82 leading high-quality science journals,[34] ranks USTC the No.2 university in China and the Asia Pacific region, and 4th in the world among the global universities (after Harvard, Stanford, MIT, and UCAS).[10] In 2021, USTC is ranked 57th globally by the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities with "Engineering" & "Life Science" related-fields ranked in the global top 10.[35]

In the 2021 ARWU Global Ranking of Academic Subjects, the USTC had six disciplines in the world's top 20, 14 disciplines in the world's top 50 and 18 disciplines in the world's top 100.[36]

ARWU Discipline Rankings[36]
Subjects 2021
Global Ranking
Nanoscience and Technology 4
Chemistry 8
Energy Science and Engineering 8
Materials Science and Engineering 13
Mechanical Engineering 17
Chemical Engineering 18
Computer Science and Engineering 24
Library & Information Science 25
Metallurgical Engineering 25
Biomedical Engineering 29
Instruments Science & Technology 30
Physics 30
Transportation Science & Technology 38
Telecommunication Engineering 42
Automation & Control 51-75
Mathematics 51-75
Earth Science 51–75
Environmental Science & Engineering 51-75
Electrical & Electronic Engineering 101-150
Management 101-150
Atmospheric Science 151-200
Biotechnology 151-200
Statistics 151-200
Civil Engineering 201-300
Economics 201-300
Biological Sciences 301-400
Business Administration 301-400
Human Biological Sciences 301-400
Medical Technology 301-400
Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 301-400
Agricultural Sciences 401-500

Times Higher Education (THE)
Year Rank Valuer
202170[37]Times Higher Education Top Universities With Best Student-To-Staff Ratio
202268[38]Times Higher Education Top Universities With Best Student-To-Staff Ratio
202216[39]Times Higher Education Asia University Rankings
202374[40]Times Higher Education World University Rankings

Nature Index

Nature Index tracks the affiliations of high-quality scientific articles and presents research outputs by institution and country on monthly basis.

Year Rank Valuer
2022 2[41] Nature Index - Academic Institutions - China
2022 328[42] Nature Index 2022 - Leading 500 institutions by patent influence metric

Laboratories

Only the National Laboratories, State Key Laboratories, and Key Laboratories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are listed below, among which the National Laboratories have the highest qualification. USTC is the only university in mainland China which possess two National Laboratories at the same time.

National Laboratories (2)

  • The National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory[43]
  • Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (under construction).[44]

State Key Laboratories and Ministerial Level Units

  • The State Key Laboratory of Fire Science (SKLFS)[45]
  • National High Performance Computing Center (Hefei)[46]
  • National Engineering Laboratory of Speech and Language Information Processing[47]
  • The State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics (Under Construction)
  • Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory
  • Microsoft Key Laboratory of Multimedia Computing and Communications, Ministry of Education

Key Laboratories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Schools and Departments

Highlights: USTC set up the first graduate school in China in 1978 to effectively cultivate its postgraduate students.

  • School for the Gifted Young[51]
  • School of Mathematical Sciences[52]
  • School of Physical Sciences[53]
    • Department of Modern Physics
    • Department of Astronomy
    • Department of Physics
    • Department of Optics and Optical Engineering
    • Physics Experiment Teaching Center
  • School of Chemistry and Materials Science[54]
    • Department of Chemistry
    • Department of Chemical Physics
    • Department of Materials Science and Engineering
    • Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
    • Chemical Experimental Teaching Center
  • School of Nuclear Science and Technology[55]
  • School of Life Science[56]
    • Molecular Biology and Cell Biology
    • Neurobiology and Biophysics
    • Systems Biology
    • Biomedicine and Biotechnology
  • School of Engineering Science[57]
    • Modern Mechanics
    • Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
    • Precision Machinery and Instrumentation
  • School of Information Science and Technology[58]
    • Electronic Science and Technology
    • Automation
    • Electrical Engineering and Information Science
    • Information Security
  • School of Computer Science and Technology[59]
    • Computer Science and Technology
  • School of Earth and Space Science[60]
    • Earth and Space Science
    • Faculty of Geochemistry and Environmental Science
  • School of Software Engineering[61]
  • School of Management[62]
    • Statistics and Finance
    • Management Science
    • Business Management (Information Management and Decision Science)
  • Humanities and Social Science[63]
    • Sci-tech Communication and Sci-tech Policy
    • The Teaching and Research Division of Marxism
    • Scientific History and Archaeometry
    • Center for Modern Art
  • School of Environment Science and Electrooptical Technology
  • School of Material Science and Engineering
  • Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study, USTC
  • Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies, USTC
  • Institute of Advanced Technology, USTC
  • Continuing Education

Notable people

Notable faculty members
  • Zhou Guangzhao (1929–) – Famous theoretical physicist, Vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, Honorary President of USTC at present.
  • Yan Jici (1901–1996) – Pioneer of Modern physics research and education in China, former Vice-president, President and Honorary President of USTC.
  • Qian Linzhao (1906–1999) – Famous physicist and educator, pioneer of scientific history and education in China, former Vice-president of USTC.
  • Hua Luogeng (1910–1985) – Pioneer of modern mathematics research and education in China, former Chairman of the Department of Mathematics and Vice-president of USTC.
  • Guo Moruo (1892–1978) – A Chinese author, poet, historian, archaeologist, the first president of USTC.
  • Meng Xuenong (1948–) – Former Mayor of Beijing, and former Governor of Shanxi Province
  • Qian Xuesen (1911–2009) – Father of missiles of China, former Chairman of the Department of Mechanics with USTC.
  • Zhao Zhongyao (1902–1998) – Pioneer of modern particle physics research and education in China, one of the first in the world to find positrons, former Chairman of the Department of Modern Physics with USTC.

See also

References
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