Clerk of the Privy Council (Canada)
The clerk of the Privy Council (French: greffier du Conseil privé) is the professional head of the Public Service of Canada. As the deputy minister for the Privy Council Office (the prime minister's department), the clerk is the senior civil servant in the Government of Canada and serves as the secretary to the Cabinet (French: secrétaire du Cabinet).
| Clerk of the Privy Council Secretary to the Cabinet | |
|---|---|
| Greffier du Conseil privé secrétaire du Cabinet | |
 | |
| Privy Council Office | |
| Type | Deputy minister |
| Member of | Public Service of Canada |
| Reports to | Prime Minister of Canada |
| Appointer | Governor in Council On the advice of the prime minister |
| Inaugural holder | William Henry Lee |
| Formation | July 1, 1867 |
| Website | Privy Council webpage |
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The role of the clerk is nonpartisan; clerks may serve multiple prime ministers and do not belong to any political party. As the secretary to the Cabinet, the role provides impartial advice to the ministry and oversees the advice and policy support given to Cabinet and its committees. As head of the public service,[1] the clerk is responsible for other deputy ministers and the provision of non-partisan, expert advice to the government as a whole.
The clerk is a Governor-in-Council appointment made on the advice of the prime minister. On March 1, 2021, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that Janice Charette would serve as interim clerk of the Privy Council as of March 9, 2021, as incumbent Ian Shugart underwent cancer treatment.[2] She was permanently named to the position on May 25, 2022.[3][4]
In the provinces and territories, the equivalent position of senior public servant is called the cabinet secretary or clerk of the executive council (in French, secrétaire du conseil exécutif or greffier du conseil exécutif, respectively).
History
The Privy Council for Canada was created and authorized by the Constitution Act, 1867, and there has been a clerk of the Privy Council since then.
The staff of the Privy Council increased from 142 to 352 between 1971 and 1975.[5]
In 1989, reforms initiated by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney gave the clerk position its present day responsibilities. Expert Donald Savoie describes these as a combination of three roles: "the secretary of cabinet, the head of the non-partisan public service, and the deputy minister — or top bureaucrat — to the prime minister." One critique of this arrangement is that it could put senior nonpartisan officials in the position of taking partisan positions.[6] Clerks generally have extensive previous experience in the Public Service of Canada before being appointed.
| No. | Clerk | Term | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | William Henry Lee | 1867–1872 | |
| 2 | William Alfred Himsworth | 1872–1880 | |
| 3 | Joseph Olivier Côté | 1880–1882 | |
| 4 | John Joseph McGee | 1882–1907 | |
| 5 | Rodolphe Boudreau | 1907–1923 | |
| 6 | Ernest Joseph Lemaire | 1923–1940 | |
| 7 | Arnold Danford Patrick Heeney | 1940–1949 | |
| 8 | Norman Alexander Robertson | 1949–1952 | |
| 9 | John Whitney Pickersgill | 1952–1953 | |
| 10 | Robert Bryce | 1954–1963 | |
| 11 | Robert Gordon Robertson | 1963–1975 | |
| 12 | Peter Michael Pitfield | 1975–1979 | |
| 13 | Marcel Massé | 1979–1980 | |
| (12) | Peter Michael Pitfield | 1980–1982 | Previously held office from 1975 to 1979. |
| 14 | Gordon Osbaldeston | 1982–1985 | |
| 15 | Paul M. Tellier | 1985–1992 | |
| 16 | Glen Shortliffe | 1992–1994 | |
| 17 | Jocelyne Bourgon | 1994–1999 | |
| 18 | Mel Cappe | 1999–2002 | |
| 19 | Alexander Himelfarb | 2002–2006 | |
| 20 | Kevin G. Lynch | 2006–2009 | |
| 21 | Wayne Wouters | 2009–2014 | |
| 22 | Janice Charette | 2014–2016 | |
| 23 | Michael Wernick | 2016–2019 | |
| 24 | Ian Shugart | 2019–2022[lower-alpha 1] | |
| (22) | Janice Charette | 2022–incumbent[lower-alpha 2] | Previously held office from 2014 to 2016. |
References
- Clerk of the Privy Council
- "High commissioner to the U.K. will serve as interim Clerk of the Privy Council". ottawacitizen. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
- "The Prime Minister announces a change in the leadership of the Public Service". Retrieved 2022-05-27.
- "Pardon my French". politico. Retrieved 2022-05-27.
- "Archives Search" at collectionscanada, 2018-05-20
- Alex Boutiliero. Caught in the SNC-Lavalin scandal, Canada’s top civil servant should help us understand his job, expert says. Toronto Star. March 1, 2019
- Office, Privy Council (2017-05-29). "Clerk and Deputy Clerk". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2021-07-05.
Notes
- Was on Medical leave from March 9, 2022 to May 28, 2022
- Served as Acting Clerk from March 9, 2022 to May 28, 2022