Cleveland Street, Sydney

Governor Macquarie granted a substantial parcel of land in the Surry Hills and Redfern area to Charles Smith in 1809, who established Cleveland Gardens, as either a market garden or nursery in the area.[2][3] Daniel Cooper purchased approximately five hectares (twelve acres) from Smith and built the heritage-listed Cleveland House in the early 1820s. The decision in 1850 to build Redfern terminus brought industry to the area and resulted in the subdivision of many of the gentlemen's estates in the neighbouring suburb of Surry Hills.[4]

Prior to the 1840s, maps marked Cleveland Street, from Chippendale to Moore Park, as the unsurveyed 'Government Road'.[5]

In 1851, some land was reserved in the "Cleveland Paddocks" for a school to be established.[6] Located on the corner of Cleveland and Chalmers Streets, the Cleveland Street Public School was established in prefabricated iron buildings in 1856, as a model school. New sandstone Gothic buildings were constructed in 1867-68, which remain, along with later buildings on the site. The school became an intermediate school in 1913 and later a high school.[7] In 1977 the site was repurposed as an intensive English language tuition centre for migrant students. In 2001 the Cleveland Street site became a dedicated high school for intensive English tuition and was named the Cleveland Street Intensive English High School.[8] A $110-million redevelopment of the site was completed in late 2020 and the Inner Sydney High School was opened in 2021 to accommodate 1,200 students in a 14-storey vertical high school building.[9]

Towards the eastern terminus of Cleveland Street, in Moore Park, Sydney Girls High School and Sydney Boys High School are co-located on adjacent sites.[10]

Until 1958, electric trams ran down the length of Cleveland Street, when they were replaced by motor buses.[11] The area between Crown and Bourke Streets is home to several pubs and an increasing number of restaurants.

Traffic volumes vary, depending on the segment of Cleveland Street. Near Prince Alfred Park the average traffic movements in 2016 for both east and west-bound vehicles was 17,500. Further east, between South Dowling Street and Anzac Parade, 2016 average traffic volumes peaked at 20,000 vehicles west-bound.[12]

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  Seymour Centre, Clevland Street, Chippendale
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  Cathedral of the Annunciation of Our Lady, Cleveland Street, Surry Hills
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  Former Art Deco cinema in Cleveland Street, Redfern
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  Norfolk Hotel, Cleveland Street, Redfern
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  Alfred Park Hotel, Cleveland Street, Redfern
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  Australia Post New South Wales head office, Cleveland Street, Redfern
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  Facade of Inner Sydney High School, formerly the Central Sydney Intensive English High School, and originally the Cleveland Street Model School, Cleveland Street, Surry Hills
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  The Kirk, Cleveland Street, Surry Hills
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  Former facade of the Surry Hills Shopping Village, Cleveland Street, Redfern
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  Bar Cleveland, Cleveland Street, Redfern

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