EFL League One
The English Football League One, known as Sky Bet League One for sponsorship purposes or simply League One in England, is the second-highest division of the English Football League and the third tier overall in the English football league system.
 | |
| Founded | 2004
|
|---|---|
| Country | England |
| Number of teams | 24 |
| Level on pyramid | 3 |
| Promotion to | Championship |
| Relegation to | League Two |
| Domestic cup(s) | FA Cup |
| League cup(s) | |
| International cup(s) | |
| Current champions | Plymouth Argyle (1st title) (2022–23) |
| Most championships | Wigan Athletic (3 titles) |
| TV partners | List of broadcasters |
| Website | efl |
| Current: 2022–23 EFL League One | |
Introduced in the 2004–05 English football season as Football League One, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Second Division, which itself is a rebrand of the now-defunct Football League Third Division before the 1992 launch of the Premier League.
As of the 2022–23 season, Fleetwood Town holds the longest tenure in the division following promotion from League Two at the end of the 2013–14 season. There are seven former Premier League clubs currently competing in this division; Barnsley (1997–98), Bolton Wanderers (1995–96, 1997–98 and 2001–2012), Charlton Athletic (1998–99 and 2000–2007), Derby County (1996–2002 and 2007–08) Ipswich Town (1992–1995 and 2000–2002), Portsmouth (2003–2010) and Sheffield Wednesday (1992–2000).[1]
Structure
There are 24 clubs in this division. Each club plays each club twice (once at home and once away). Three points are awarded for a win, one for a draw and zero for a loss. At the end of the season a table of the final League standings is determined, based on the following criteria in this order: points obtained, goal difference, goals scored, an aggregate of the results between two or more clubs (ranked using the previous three criteria), most matches won, most goals scored away from home, fewest "penalty points" based on yellow and red cards received, followed by fewest straight red cards for certain offenses. If two or more teams are still tied after examining all of these criteria, they will share the higher place between them. The only exception would be if the tied teams span the boundary between 2nd and 3rd, 6th and 7th, or 20th and 21st place, in which case one or more play-off matches would be arranged between the tied clubs.
At the end of each season the top two clubs, together with the winner of the play-offs between the clubs which finished in the third to sixth positions, are promoted to EFL Championship and are replaced by the three clubs that finished at the bottom of that division.
Similarly, the four clubs that finished at the bottom of EFL League One are relegated to EFL League Two and are replaced by the top three clubs and the club that won the fourth to seventh place play-offs in that division.
Current members
The following 24 clubs are competing in League One during the 2022–23 season.
Teams promoted from League One
For past winners at this level before 2004, see List of winners of the EFL League One and predecessors.
Play-off results
Relegated teams
a Expelled in August 2019 after financial breaches.
Top scorers
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b In 35 games. Season truncated because of coronavirus.
Attendances
EFL League One is the most-watched third-tier domestic sports league in the world, with an average of 8,802 spectators per game in the 2019–20 season.[3] The closest third tier association football league in terms of average attendance is the Germany 3. Liga (6,185).[4] The highest average attendance since the restructure into League One was the 2021–22 season, with an average of 9,953. The highest average attendance by a single club was Sunderland in the 2018–19 season with 32,157. They also set the League One attendance record for a single game in the same season, when 46,039 spectators attended the Boxing Day game against Bradford City.[5]
| Season | League Average Attendance | Highest Average | Highest Attendance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Club | Attendance | Game | Attendance | ||
| 2004-05 | 7,732 | Sheffield Wednesday | 23,100 [6] | Sheffield Wednesday vs Bristol City | 28,798 |
| 2005-06 | 7,578 | Nottingham Forest | 20,257 [7] | Nottingham Forest v Bournemouth | 26,847 |
| 2006-07 | 7,486 | Nottingham Forest | 20,627 [8] | Nottingham Forest v Rotherham United | 27,875 |
| 2007-08 | 7,985 | Leeds United | 26,546 [9] | Leeds United v Gillingham | 38,256 |
| 2008-09 | 7,551 | Leeds United | 23,639 [10] | ||
| 2009-10 | 9,136 | Leeds United | 24,818 [11] | Leeds United v Bristol Rovers | 38,234 |
| 2010-11 | 7,519 | Southampton | 22,161 [12] | Southampton v Walsall | 31,653 |
| 2011-12 | 7,358 | Sheffield Wednesday | 21,336 [13] | Sheffield Wednesday v Wycombe Wanderers | 38,082 |
| 2012-13 | 6,335 | Sheffield United | 18,612 [14] | Sheffield United v Brentford | 23,431 |
| 2013-14 | 7,476 | Wolverhampton Wanderers | 20,879 [15] | Wolverhampton Wanderers v Rotherham United | 30,110 |
| 2014-15 | 7,037 | Sheffield United | 19,805 [16] | Coventry City v Gillingham | 27,306 |
| 2015-16 | 7,163 | Sheffield United | 19,803 [17] | Sheffield United v Bradford City | 24,777 |
| 2016-17 | 7,933 | Sheffield United | 21,892 [18] | Sheffield United v Chesterfield | 31,003 |
| 2017-18 | 7,805 | Bradford City | 19,787 [19] | Blackburn Rovers v Oxford United | 27,600 |
| 2018-19 | 8,741 | Sunderland | 32,157 [20] | Sunderland v Bradford City | 46,039 |
| 2019-20 | 8,802 | Sunderland | 30,118 [21] | Sunderland v Bolton Wanderers | 33,821 |
| 2020-21 | No attendances because of COVID-19 pandemic | ||||
| 2021-22 | 9,953 | Sunderland | 30,847 [22] | Sunderland v Doncaster Rovers | 38,395 |
| 2022–23 | 10,613 | Derby County | 27,259 | Sheffield Wednesday v Plymouth Argyle | 33,442 |
Historic performance
Since the restructuring into League One in 2004, 75 teams have spent at least one season in the division, including 8 of the 20 teams in the 2022–23 Premier League. Milton Keynes Dons has spent 15 seasons in League One, the most of any team. Oldham Athletic's single 14-season consecutive spell was the longest of any team. The team with the current longest tenure is Fleetwood Town, who have been in League One continuously since the 2014–15 season. Rotherham United and Peterborough United have had the highest number of separate spells in League One with five each. There have been 15 different Champions of League One, with Wigan Athletic having won the division three times.
Key
-
Teams with this background and symbol in the "Club" column will be competing in the 2022–23 EFL League One -
Team will be competing in the 2022–23 Premier League - The club competed in League One during that season (the number is the club's final league position)
| Club | Total Seasons | Number of Spells | Longest Spell (Seasons) | Highest Position | Lowest Position | Season | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accrington Stanley | 5 | 1 | 5 | 11 | 23 | 14 | 17 | 11 | 12 | 23 | ||||||||||||||
| AFC Wimbledon | 6 | 1 | 6 | 15 | 23 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 23 | |||||||||||||
| Barnsley | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 13 | 13 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||
| Blackburn Rovers | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Blackpool | 8 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 22 | 16 | 19 | 3 | 22 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 3 | |||||||||||
| Bolton Wanderers | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 23 | 2 | 23 | 9 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| AFC Bournemouth | 7 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 21 | 8 | 17 | 19 | 21 | 6 | 11 | 2 | ||||||||||||
| Bradford City | 9 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 24 | 11 | 11 | 22 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 11 | 24 | ||||||||||
| Brentford | 8 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 24 | 4 | 3 | 24 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||
| Brighton & Hove Albion | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 18 | 18 | 7 | 16 | 13 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| Bristol City | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| Bristol Rovers | 10 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 24 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 22 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 14 | 24 | 17 | |||||||||
| Burton Albion | 6 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 16 | 2 | 9 | 12 | 16 | 16 | 15 | |||||||||||||
| Bury | 6 | 3 | 3 | 14 | 24 | 14 | 22 | 16 | 19 | 24 | 24 [lower-alpha 1] | |||||||||||||
| Cambridge United | 2 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 20 | 14 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||
| Carlisle United | 8 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 22 | 8 | 4 | 20 | 14 | 12 | 8 | 17 | 22 | |||||||||||
| Charlton Athletic | 9 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 13 | 4 | 13 | 1 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 13 | 10 | ||||||||||
| Cheltenham Town | 5 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 23 | 17 | 19 | 23 | 15 | 16 | ||||||||||||||
| Chesterfield | 7 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 24 | 17 | 16 | 21 | 22 | 6 | 18 | 24 | ||||||||||||
| Colchester United | 10 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 23 | 15 | 2 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 16 | 19 | 23 | |||||||||
| Coventry City | 7 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 23 | 15 | 18 | 17 | 8 | 23 | 8 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Crawley Town | 3 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 22 | 10 | 14 | 22 | ||||||||||||||||
| Crewe Alexandra | 9 | 3 | 4 | 12 | 24 | 13 | 20 | 22 | 13 | 19 | 20 | 24 | 12 | 24 | ||||||||||
| Dagenham & Redbridge | 1 | 1 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Derby County | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Doncaster Rovers | 12 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 22 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 13 | 21 | 15 | 6 | 9 | 14 | 22 | |||||||
| Exeter City | 4 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 23 | 18 | 8 | 23 | 14 | |||||||||||||||
| Fleetwood Town | 9 | 1 | 9 | 4 | 20 | 10 | 19 | 4 | 14 | 11 | 6 | 15 | 20 | 13 | ||||||||||
| Forest Green Rovers | 1 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gillingham | 13 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 22 | 14 | 16 | 22 | 21 | 17 | 12 | 9 | 20 | 17 | 13 | 10 | 10 | 21 | ||||||
| Hartlepool United | 8 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 23 | 6 | 21 | 15 | 19 | 20 | 16 | 13 | 23 | |||||||||||
| Hereford United | 1 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Huddersfield Town | 8 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 15 | 9 | 4 | 15 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||
| Hull City | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
| Ipswich Town | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 2 | |||||||||||||||
| Leeds United | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Leicester City | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Leyton Orient | 9 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 23 | 20 | 14 | 14 | 17 | 7 | 20 | 7 | 3 | 23 | ||||||||||
| Lincoln City | 4 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 17 | 16 | 5 | 17 | 11 | |||||||||||||||
| Luton Town | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 1 | 24 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Millwall | 6 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 17 | 10 | 17 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 6 | |||||||||||||
| MK Dons | 15 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 23 | 20 | 22 | 3 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 23 | 19 | 13 | 3 | 21 | ||||
| Morecambe | 2 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 22 | 19 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||
| Northampton Town | 6 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 22 | 14 | 9 | 21 | 16 | 22 | 22 | |||||||||||||
| Norwich City | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nottingham Forest | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Notts County | 5 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 21 | 19 | 7 | 12 | 20 | 21 | ||||||||||||||
| Oldham Athletic | 14 | 1 | 14 | 6 | 21 | 19 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 21 | |||||
| Oxford United | 7 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 19 | 8 | 16 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 19 | ||||||||||||
| Peterborough United | 12 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 23 | 23 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 6 | |||||||
| Plymouth Argyle | 6 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 23 | 23 | 7 | 21 | 18 | 7 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| Port Vale | 9 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 23 | 18 | 13 | 12 | 23 | 9 | 18 | 12 | 21 | 18 | ||||||||||
| Portsmouth | 7 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 24 | 24 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 8 | ||||||||||||
| Preston North End | 4 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 5 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
| Rochdale | 9 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 24 | 9 | 24 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 20 | 16 | 18 | 21 | ||||||||||
| Rotherham United | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 23 | 20 | 23 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| Scunthorpe United | 10 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 23 | 12 | 1 | 6 | 18 | 21 | 16 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 23 | |||||||||
| Sheffield United | 6 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| Sheffield Wednesday | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 15 | 5 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||
| Shrewsbury Town | 10 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 23 | 16 | 23 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 18 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 12 | |||||||||
| Southampton | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Southend United | 9 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 23 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 23 | 14 | 7 | 10 | 19 | 22 | ||||||||||
| Stevenage | 3 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 24 | 6 | 18 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||
| Stockport County | 3 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 24 | 24 | 18 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||
| Sunderland | 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| Swansea City | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Swindon Town | 12 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 24 | 12 | 23 | 13 | 15 | 5 | 24 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 15 | 22 | 23 | |||||||
| Torquay United | 1 | 1 | 1 | 21 | 21 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Tranmere Rovers | 11 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 21 | 3 | 18 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 19 | 18 | 12 | 11 | 21 | 21 | ||||||||
| Walsall | 14 | 2 | 12 | 3 | 24 | 14 | 24 | 12 | 13 | 10 | 20 | 19 | 9 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 14 | 19 | 22 | |||||
| Wigan Athletic | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
| Wolverhampton Wanderers | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wrexham | 1 | 1 | 1 | 22 | 22 | 22 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Wycombe Wanderers | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 17 | 3 | 6 | 9 | |||||||||||||
| Yeovil Town | 9 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 24 | 15 | 5 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 17 | 4 | 24 | ||||||||||
Financial Fair Play
Beginning with the 2012–13 season, a Financial Fair Play arrangement has been in place in all three divisions of the Football League, the intention being eventually to produce a league of financially self-sustaining clubs. In League One, this takes the form of a Salary Cost Management Protocol in which a maximum of 60% of a club's turnover may be spent on players' wages, with sanctions being applied in the form of transfer embargoes.[23][24][25][26]
See also
Footnotes
- Bury did not compete in the 2019-20 season as they were expelled from the league because of financial difficulties.
References
- France, Sam (29 April 2020). "What year did the Premier League start & which teams have played in it over the years?". Goal.com. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
- Capacities as listed on EFL Official Website under each club's summarized information.League One Clubs, EFL Digital on behalf of The Football League Limited, retrieved 4 May 2023
- "League One 2019/2020 - Attendance". worldfootball.net.
- "3. Liga 2019/2020 - Attendance". worldfootball.net.
- "League One Record 46,039 crowd as Sunderland AFC triumph over Bradford City on Boxing Day". www.sunderlandecho.com.
- "League One 2004/2005 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2005/2006 - Attendance". worldfootball.net.
- "League One 2006/2007 - Attendance". worldfootball.net.
- "League One 2007/2008 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2008/2009 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2009/2010 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2010/2011 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2011/2012 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2012/2013 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2013/2014 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2014/2015 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2015/2016 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2016/2017 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2017/2018 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2018/2019 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "League One 2019/2020 - Attendance". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
- "Sky Bet League One | Average Attendances | Home Matches | Football Web Pages". www.footballwebpages.co.uk.
- "The Football League – About Us – FAQs – FL Explained – FL Explained – Financial Fair Play in The Football League". Archived from the original on 10 May 2012.
- Vittles, Jack (6 December 2017). "Financial Fair play: Does it apply in League One and League Two?". bristolpost. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- McCartney, Aidan (2 February 2015). "Financial Fair Play in League One: Separating fact from fiction". coventrytelegraph. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- "Review into Bury's demise offers painful reminder of the need for FFP | Financial fair play". amp.theguardian.com. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
External links
