Csongrád County (former)

Csongrád (Hungarian: Csongrád, Serbian: Čongrad or Чонград) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which was smaller than that of present-day Csongrád-Csanád County, is now part of Hungary, except a very small area which belongs to Serbia. The capital of the county was Szentes.

Csongrád County
Comitatus Csongradiensis (Latin)
Csongrád vármegye (Hungarian)
Komitat Tschongrad (German)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(11th century-1538)
County of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
(1538-1552)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(1715-1786, 1790-1946)
Coat of arms of Csongrád
Coat of arms

CapitalCsongrád;
Szeged (1241-1773);
Szegvár (1773-1883);
Szentes (1883-1946)
Area
 • Coordinates46°39′N 20°16′E
 
• 1910
3,569 km2 (1,378 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
325,568
History
History 
• Established
11th century
• Ottoman conquest
1552
• County recreated
1715
• Merged into Békés-Csanád-Csongrád County
1 June 1786
• County recreated
26 April 1790
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
11 April 1941
• Monarchy abolished
1 February 1946
Today part ofHungary
(3,462 km2)
Serbia
(107 km2)

Name

The name Csongrád/Čongrad is Slavic by origin. In Slavic languages, this name means "a black city" (čon/čorni = black, grad = city/town). Indeed, the county was named after a town of Csongrád.

Geography

Csongrád county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, Békés, Csanád, Torontál and Bács-Bodrog. The river Tisza flowed through the county. Its area was 3,544 km2 around 1910.

History

Csongrád county arose in the 11th century as one of the first counties of the Kingdom of Hungary. It was taken by the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century, and reconquered by the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary at the end of the 17th century.

In 1920, the Treaty of Trianon assigned a small part of the territory of the county - a small area around Horgos (now Horgoš, Vojvodina) in northern Délvidék - to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed to Yugoslavia in 1929). The rest remained in Hungary. During World War II, Hungary annexed the territory lost, but after the end of the war the previous borders were restored.

In 1950, the southern part of Csanád County (which contained then the Hungarian part of the pre-1920 Torontál County and the south-western part of the pre-1920 Csanád County) was added to Csongrád county, which was however renamed to Csongrád-Csanád County on 4 June 2020.

Demographics
Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).
Population by mother tongue[lower-alpha 1]
CensusTotalHungarianGermanOther or unknown
1880[1] 228,413214,885 (98.05%)2,289 (1.04%)1,988 (0.91%)
1890[2] 261,340256,469 (98.14%)2,743 (1.05%)2,128 (0.81%)
1900[3] 295,927289,953 (97.98%)3,582 (1.21%)2,392 (0.81%)
1910[4] 325,568319,274 (98.07%)2,862 (0.88%)3,432 (1.05%)
Population by religion[lower-alpha 2]
CensusTotalRoman CatholicCalvinistJewishLutheranOther or unknown
1880 228,413160,353 (70.20%)55,441 (24.27%)7,354 (3.22%)3,236 (1.42%)2,029 (0.89%)
1890 261,340188,312 (72.06%)57,785 (22.11%)8,510 (3.26%)4,239 (1.62%)2,494 (0.95%)
1900 295,927216,593 (73.19%)61,315 (20.72%)9,537 (3.22%)4,838 (1.63%)3,644 (1.23%)
1910 325,568243,343 (74.74%)61,832 (18.99%)10,296 (3.16%)5,449 (1.67%)4,648 (1.43%)

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Csongrád county were:

Districts (járás)
DistrictCapital
CsongrádCsongrád
TiszáninnenKiskundorozsma
TiszántúlMindszent
Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város)
Hódmezővásárhely
Szeged
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Szentes
County Hall, Szentes

Notes
  1. Only linguistic communities > 1% are displayed.
  2. Only religious communities > 1% are displayed.

References
  1. "Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-28.
  2. "A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
  3. "A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
  4. "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2021-09-29.
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