D meson

The D mesons are the lightest particle containing charm quarks. They are often studied to gain knowledge on the weak interaction.[1] The strange D mesons (Ds) were called "F mesons" prior to 1986.[2]

D meson
Composition

  • D+
    :
    c

    d

  • D−
    :
    d

    c

  • D0
    :
    c

    u

  • D0
    :
    u

    c

  • D+
    s    :
    c

    s

  • D−
    s    :
    s

    c
StatisticsBosonic
FamilyMesons
InteractionsStrong, weak, electromagnetic, gravitational
Symbol
D+
,
D−
,
D0
,
D0
,
D+
s,
D−
s
Antiparticle

  • D+
    :
    D−

  • D0
    :
    D0

  • D+
    s    :
    D−
    s
DiscoveredSLAC (1976)
Mass

  • D±
    : 1869.62±0.20 MeV/c2

  • D0
    ,
    D0
    : 1864.84±0.17 MeV/c2

  • D±
    s    : 1968.47±0.33 MeV/c2
Mean lifetime

  • D±
    : (1.040±0.007)×10−12

  • D0
    ,
    D0
    : (4.101±0.015)×10−13

  • D±
    s    : (5.00±0.07)×10−13
Electric charge

  • D±
    ,
    D±
    s    : ±1 e

  • D0
    ,
    D0
    : 0 e
Spin0
Strangeness

  • D±
    ,
    D0
    ,
    D0
    : 0

  • D±
    s    : ±1
Charm+1
Isospin

  • D+
    ,
    D0
    : +1/2

  • D−
    ,
    D0
    : −1/2

  • D±
    s    : 0
Parity−1

Overview

The D mesons were discovered in 1976 by the Mark I detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.[3]

Since the D mesons are the lightest mesons containing a single charm quark (or antiquark), they must change the charm (anti)quark into an (anti)quark of another type to decay. Such transitions involve a change of the internal charm quantum number, and can take place only via the weak interaction. In D mesons, the charm quark preferentially changes into a strange quark via an exchange of a W particle, therefore the D meson preferentially decays into kaons (
K
) and pions (
π
).[1]

List of D mesons
D mesons
Particle
name		 Particle
symbol		 Antiparticle
symbol		 Quark
content[4]		 Rest mass (MeV/c2) I JP S C B' Mean lifetime (s) Commonly decays to
(>5% of decays)
Charged D meson[5]
D+
D−
c

d
 1869.62±0.20 1/2 0− 0 +1 0 (1.040±0.007)×10−12 [6]
Neutral D meson[7]
D0
D0
c

u
 1864.84±0.17 1/2 0− 0 +1 0 (4.101±0.015)×10−13 [8]
Strange D meson[9]
D+
s
D−
s
c

s
 1968.47±0.33 0 0− +1 +1 0 (5.00±0.07)×10−13 [10]
Excited charged D meson[11]
D∗+
(2010)
D∗−
(2010)
c

d
 2010.27±0.17 1/2 1− 0 +1 0 (6.9±1.9)×10−21‡
D0
 +
π+
 or

D+
 +
π0
Excited neutral D meson[12]
D∗0
(2007)
D∗0
(2007)
c

u
 2006.97±0.19 1/2 1− 0 +1 0 >3.1×10−22‡
D0
 +
π0
 or

D0
 +
γ

‡ ^ PDG reports the resonance width Here the conversion is given instead.


D
–
D
 oscillations

In 2021 it was confirmed with a significance of more than seven standard deviations, that the neutral
D0
 meson spontaneously transforms into its own antiparticle and back. This phenomenon is called flavor oscillation and was prior known to exist in the neutral K meson and B meson.[13]

See also

References
  1. Nave, G., ed. (2016). "D meson". Department of Physics & Astronomy. HyperPhysics. Atlanta, GA: Georgia State University.
  2. Wohl, C.G. (1984). "Review of Particle Physics" (PDF). Reviews of Modern Physics. Particle Data Group. 56 (2, Part II). doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.56.S1.
  3. Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A. "Charmed mesons" (course files). Physics 466. University of Sheffield.
  4. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "Quark Model" (PDF). Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  5. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "
    D±
    "     (PDF). Particle listings. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  6. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "
    D±
    "     (PDF). Decay modes. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  7. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "
    D0
    "     (PDF). Particle listings. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  8. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "
    D0
    "     (PDF). Decay modes. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  9. Nakamura, N.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2010). "
    D±
    s    "     (PDF). Particle listings. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  10. Nakamura, N.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2010). "
    D+
    s    "     (PDF). Decay modes. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  11. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "
    D∗±
    "     (PDF). Decay modes. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  12. Amsler, C.; et al. (Particle Data Group) (2008). "
    D∗0
     (2007)"     (PDF). Decay modes. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
  13. Aaij, R.; et al. (LHCb collaboration) (14 September 2021) [7 June 2021]. "Observation of the mass difference between neutral charm-meson eigenstates". Physical Review Letters. 127 (11): 111801. arXiv:2106.03744. Bibcode:2021PhRvL.127k1801A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.111801. PMID 34558945. S2CID 235358523. 2106.03744. Published 2021 in Physical Review Letters 127, 111801. Report numbers: LHCb-PAPER-2021-009, CERN-EP-2021-099.


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