Demographics of Asia

The continent of Asia covers 29.4% of the Earth's land area and has a population of around 4.75 billion (as of 2022),[1] accounting for about 60% of the world population. The combined population of both China and India are estimated to be over 2.8 billion people as of 2022. Asia's population is projected to grow to 5.25 billion by 2055, or about 54% of projected world population at that time.[1] Population growth in Asia was close to 0.55% p.a. as of 2022, with highly disparate rates. Many Western Asian and South Asian countries have growth rates above world average, notably Pakistan at 2% p.a., while China had a small decrease of -0.06% and India had a 0.6% increase in 2022.

Graph showing population by continent as a percentage of world population (1750 - 2005)
Map of countries by population density

Population
Main article: List of Asian countries by population
Asia population pyramid in 2023 based on the United Nations geoscheme for Asia

Population of Asia, 1–1820 A.D. (million)

Source: Maddison et al.[2]

Year[2] 1 1000 1500 1600 1700 1820
China 59.6 59.0 103.0 160.0 138.0 381.0
India 75.0 75.0 110.0 135.0 165.0 209.0
Japan 3.0 7.5 15.4 18.5 27.0 31.0
Korea 1.6 3.9 8.0 10.0 12.2 13.8
Indonesia 2.8 5.2 10.7 11.7 13.1 17.9
Indochina 1.1 2.2 4.5 5.0 5.9 8.9
Other East Asia 5.9 9.8 14.4 16.9 19.8 23.6
Iran 4.0 4.5 4.0 5.0 5.0 6.6
Turkey 6.1 7.3 6.3 7.9 8.4 10.1
Other West Asia 15.1 8.5 7.5 8.5 7.4 8.5
Total Asia 174.2 182.9 283.8 378.5 401.8 710.4

Shares of World Population, Asia, 1–1998 A.D. (per cent of world total)

Source: Maddison et al.[2]

Year[2] 1 1000 1500 1600 1700 1820 1870 1913 1950 1973 1999
China 25.8 22.0 23.5 28.8 22.9 36.6 28.2 24.4 21.7 22.5 21.0
India 32.5 28.0 25.1 24.3 27.3 20.1 19.9 17.0 14.2 14.8 16.5
Japan 1.3 2.8 3.5 3.3 4.5 3.0 2.7 2.9 3.3 2.8 2.1
Other Asia 15.9 15.4 12.7 11.7 11.9 8.6 9.4 10.3 15.5 17.3 19.8
Total Asia (excluding Japan) 74.2 65.4 61.3 64.8 62.1 65.3 57.5 51.7 51.4 54.7 57.4
World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Countries Ranking By International Organisations
2019 List by the World Bank [3]
Countries Population TFR HDI
 China1,433,783,6861.70.761
 India1,366,417,7542.20.645
 Indonesia270,625,5682.30.718
 Pakistan216,565,3183.50.557
 Bangladesh163,046,1612.00.632
 Japan126,860,3011.40.919
 Philippines108,116,6152.50.718
 Vietnam96,462,1062.00.704
 Turkey83,429,6152.10.82
 Iran82,913,9062.10.783
 Thailand69,037,5131.50.777
 Myanmar54,045,4202.10.583
 South Korea51,225,3080.90.916
 Iraq39,309,7833.60.674
 Afghanistan38,041,7544.30.511
 Saudi Arabia34,268,5282.30.854
 Uzbekistan32,981,7162.80.72
 Malaysia31,949,7772.00.81
 Yemen29,161,9223.70.47
 Nepal28,608,7101.90.602
 North Korea25,666,1611.9NA
 Sri Lanka21,323,7332.20.782
 Kazakhstan18,551,4272.90.825
 Syria17,070,1352.80.567
 Cambodia16,486,5422.50.594
 Jordan10,101,6943.00.729
 Azerbaijan10,047,7181.80.756
 United Arab Emirates9,770,5291.40.89
 Tajikistan9,321,0183.60.668
 Israel8,519,3773.00.919
 Hong Kong (China)7,436,1541.10.949
 Laos7,169,4552.60.613
 Lebanon6,855,7132.10.744
 Kyrgyzstan6,415,8503.30.697
 Turkmenistan5,942,0892.70.715
 Singapore5,804,3371.10.938
 Oman4,974,9862.80.813
 Kuwait4,207,0832.10.806
 Georgia3,996,7652.10.812
 Mongolia3,225,1672.90.737
 Armenia2,957,7311.80.776
 Qatar2,832,0671.80.848
 Bahrain1,641,17220.852
 East Timor1,293,1193.90.606
 Cyprus1,179,5511.30.887
 Bhutan763,0922.00.654
 Macau (China)640,4451.2NA
 Maldives530,9531.80.74
 Brunei433,2851.80.838
Asia4,572,008,8092.10.703
Population Replacement2.1

Economy
Further information: Economy of Asia

Economically, most of Asia is traditionally considered part of the Second World, with the significant exception of the industrialized First World countries of Israel, Japan, Taiwan and South Korea. Asian countries in the G-20 major economies include China, Japan, South Korea, India, Indonesia, Turkey and Saudi Arabia. Of these, Japan is also in the G8, and additionally China and India in the G8+5.

The Human Development Index of Asian countries range from Low to Very High category. The table below shows the 10 highest and lowest countries according to their Human Development Index scores based on the 2021 report.[4]

Ethnicities
Main article: Ethnic groups in Asia
Further information: Asian people
The language families of Asia

References
  1. "Asia Population". World Population Prospects 2022. United Nations. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
  2. Maddison (27 July 2016). "Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820" (PDF).
  3. "Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Archived from the original on January 20, 2020.
  4. "Human Development Report 2020" (PDF). Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 28 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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