Difluorophosphoric acid

Difluorophosphoric acid
Names
	IUPAC name Difluorophosphinic acid[1]
	Other names Difluorophosphoric acid; Fluophosphoric acid[1]; Phosphorodifluoridic acid[1];
Identifiers
CAS Number	13779-41-4;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.005
EC Number	237-421-6;
PubChem CID	61681;
UNII	3QNA5YG39L ;
UN number	1768
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6065632 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/F2HO2P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H,3,4) Key: DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1];
	SMILES OP(=O)(F)F;
Properties
Chemical formula	HPO2F2
Molar mass	101.977 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid[1]
Density	1.583 g/cm3[1][2]
Melting point	−96.5 °C (−141.7 °F; 176.7 K)[2]
Boiling point	115.9 °C (240.6 °F; 389.0 K)[2]
Structure
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral at phosphorus atom
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Corrosive to living tissue
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Difluorophosphoric acid is an inorganic compound with the formula HPO₂F₂. It is a mobile colorless strongly fuming liquid.[1] The acid has limited applications, in part because it is thermally and hydrolytically unstable.[3] Difluorophosphoric acid is corrosive to glass, fabric, metals and living tissue.[1]

A method to make pure difluorphosphoric acid involves heating phosphoryl fluoride with fluorophosphoric acid and separating the product by distillation:[4]

POF₃ + H₂PO₃F → 2 HPO₂F₂

It is prepared by hydrolysis of phosphoryl fluoride:

POF₃ + H₂O → HPO₂F₂ + HF

Further hydrolysis gives fluorophosphoric acid:

HPO₂F₂ + H₂O → H₂PO₃F + HF

Complete hydrolysis gives phosphoric acid:

H₂PO₃F + H₂O → H₃PO₄ + HF

The salts of difluorophosphoric acid are known as difluorophosphates.

References

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Difluorophosphoric-acid
Reed, William (September 1965). Studies of Difluorophosphoric Acid and its Alkali Metal Salts (Thesis). Retrieved 23 April 2023.
Charles B. Lindahl, Tariq Mahmood (2000). "Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic, Phosphorus". Kirk‐Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.1608151912091404.a01. ISBN 0471238961.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Lange, Willy; Livingston, Ralph (March 1950). "Studies of Fluorophosphoric Acids and their Derivatives. XIV. Preparation of Anhydrous Difluorophosphoric Acid". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 72 (3): 1280–1281. doi:10.1021/ja01159a057.

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[pubchem-1] ttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Difluorophosphoric-acid

[Reed65-2] Reed, William (September 1965). Studies of Difluorophosphoric Acid and its Alkali Metal Salts (Thesis). Retrieved 23 April 2023.

[3] Charles B. Lindahl, Tariq Mahmood (2000). "Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic, Phosphorus". Kirk‐Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.1608151912091404.a01. ISBN 0471238961.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[4] Lange, Willy; Livingston, Ralph (March 1950). "Studies of Fluorophosphoric Acids and their Derivatives. XIV. Preparation of Anhydrous Difluorophosphoric Acid". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 72 (3): 1280–1281. doi:10.1021/ja01159a057.