Falkhan
Falkhan (Ingush: Фалхане, romanized: Falkhane)[4] is an abandoned aul in the Dzheyrakhsky District of Ingushetia. It is part of the rural settlement of Lyazhgi (administrative center rural settlement).
Falkhan
Фалхан | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Ingush | Фалхане |
 Tower complex of Falkhan | |
  Falkhan Location of Falkhan  Falkhan Falkhan (Republic of Ingushetia) | |
| Coordinates: 42°49′16″N 44°44′07″E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Ingushetia |
| Population | |
| • Total | 0 |
| • Estimate (2021)[2] | 0 |
| • Subordinated to | Dzheyrakhsky District |
| Postal code(s)[3] | 386430 |
Etymology
According to Akhmed Suleymanov, the name of the village is associated with the Ingush word fala (фала) which means "free".[5]
Geography
Falkhan is located in the Dzheyrakhsky Gorge, on the slope of the spur of the Tseylomsky Ridge, on the right bank of a small mountain stream Mekhinchie south of the villages of Metskhal and Khast-Mokie. There are nearby several pastures and meadows like Tielta, Velkh tsona, Dal-tsonashkie, Mekhanchie and others, sometimes common to all nearby auls. In addition, there are old places of worship like Myat Selash, Ashp Koag, Gerg-Argie, Motskharashkie and others.[6]
History
According to Bashir Dalgat, all of the villages and settlements (more than 20) of the Fyappiy or Metskhalin society originate from Falkhan.[7]
According to the legend, the village was founded by Ferkhast and his three sons. The date of foundation is unknown (about the 12th-13th centuries), although the aul is considered ancient. At the time of its foundation, the territory of the village belonged to the Gamnakan tribe (Ingush: ГIамнаькъан) which made it hard for others to settle here.
At the beginning of the 19th century, there were 30 households here, but since the middle of the century, the population left the aul in favor of the flat territories, which left 22 families by the end of the century. They moved to Dzheyrkha-Yurt, New Redant, Sholkhi, Galgaï-Yurt, Angusht and Vladikavkaz. Particularly massive migrations occurred in the middle of the 20th century as a result of the Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush. The last residents left Falkhan on February 23, 1944. After returning from Deportation, the natives of the village were denied to settle back in the aul as a result of new policy of Soviet Union.[8]
Among other things, the local residents were engaged in the manufacture of products from horn, clay, bone, wood and archery weapons. Cloth making was developed. Deposits of sulfur and saltpeter were developed, there were ores of copper and sulfur pyrites, brown iron ore, lead and zinc, as well as ocher.[8]
References
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Федеральная служба государственной статистики.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- Мальсагов 1963, p. 144.
- Сулейманов 1978, pp. 21.
- Сулейманов 1978, pp. 21–22.
- Далгат 2008, p. 150.
- Дзарахова, З. М. (2016). "О горном селении Фалхан (полевые этнографические материалы)" [About the mountain village of Falkhan (field ethnographic materials)]. Вестник Ингушского научно-исследовательского института гуманитарных наук им. Ч. Э. Ахриева (in Russian). Магас: Ингушский научно-исследовательский институт гуманитарных наук им. Ч.Э. Ахриева (2): 22–29.
Bibliography
- Мальсагов, З. К. (1963). Оздоева, Ф. (ed.). Грамматика ингушского языка [Grammar of the Ingush language] (in Ingush and Russian). Vol. 5 (2nd ed.). Грозный: Чечено-Ингушское Книжное Издательство. pp. 1–164.
- Сулейманов, А. С. (1978). Шайхиев, А. Х. (ed.). Топонимия Чечено-Ингушетии. Часть 2. Горная Ингушетия (юго-запад) и Чечня (центр и юго-восток) [Toponymy of Checheno-Ingushetia. Part 2. Mountainous Ingushetia (southwest) and Chechnya (center and southeast)] (in Russian). Грозный: Чечено-Ингушское Книжное Издательство. pp. 1–233.
- Далгат, Башир (2008). Тишков, В. А.; Куделин, А. Б.; Гацак, В. М. (eds.). Родовой быт и обычное право чеченцев и ингушей. Исследование и материалы 1892-1894 гг. [Tribal life and customary law of the Chechens and Ingush. Research and materials of 1892-1894] (in Russian). Москва: ИМЛИ РАН. pp. 1–382. ISBN 978-5-9208-0307-8.