Golina

The town was mentioned in the Gesta principum Polonorum, the oldest Polish chronicle from the early 12th century.[1] It was granted town rights in the 14th century. It was a private town, administratively located in the Konin County in the Kalisz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.[2] In 1793 Golina was annexed by Prussia as a result of the Second Partition of Poland.[3] Regained by Poles in 1807, as part of the short-lived Polish Duchy of Warsaw, in 1815 it became part of Congress Poland, later forcibly integrated with Imperial Russia. During the January Uprising, on March 16, 1863, a skirmish between Polish insurgents and Russian soldiers took place there. The Polish insurgent unit was attacked by Russian troops and forced to escape towards Lądek.[4] As part of anti-Polish repressions after the fall of the uprising, Golina was deprived of its town rights in 1870, which it regained in 1921, after Poland regained independence.[3] During the occupation of Poland (World War II) the Germans expelled most of its populace to the General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland.[3]