List of governors of Minnesota

The governor of Minnesota is the head of government of the U.S. state of Minnesota. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Minnesota's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws.

There have been 41 governors of the state; one, Rudy Perpich, served non-consecutive terms. Minnesota Territory had three governors appointed by the President of the United States; the first, Alexander Ramsey, would later be state governor.

The current governor is Tim Walz, a member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, who took office on January 7, 2019.

Governors of Minnesota Territory

Minnesota Territory was organized on March 3, 1849.[1]

Governors of Minnesota Territory
No. Governor Term in office[lower-alpha 1] Appointed by
1 Alexander Ramsey
(1815–1903)
[2][3][4]		 June 1, 1849[lower-alpha 2]
–
April 1, 1853
(successor appointed)		 Zachary Taylor
2 Willis A. Gorman
(1816–1876)
[11][12]		 April 1, 1853[lower-alpha 3]
–
March 13, 1857
(successor appointed)		 Franklin Pierce
3 Samuel Medary
(1801–1864)
[15][16]		 March 13, 1857[lower-alpha 4]
–
May 24, 1858
(statehood)		 James Buchanan

Governors of the State of Minnesota

Minnesota was admitted to the Union on May 11, 1858.[19]

The Minnesota Constitution of 1858 created the offices of governor and lieutenant governor, elected separately to two-year terms; these were lengthened to four years starting in 1963. As of 1972, the governor and lieutenant governor are elected on the same ticket.[20]

Governors of the State of Minnesota
No. Governor Term in office Party Election Lt. Governor[lower-alpha 5]
1   Henry Hastings Sibley
(1811–1891)
[21][22][23]		 May 24, 1858[24]
–
January 2, 1860
(did not run)		 Democratic 1857   William Holcombe
2 Alexander Ramsey
(1815–1903)
[2][3][25][4]		 January 2, 1860[26]
–
July 10, 1863
(resigned)[lower-alpha 6]		 Republican 1859 Ignatius L. Donnelly
1861 Henry Adoniram Swift
3 Henry Adoniram Swift
(1823–1869)
[27][28][29]		 July 10, 1863[30]
–
January 13, 1864
(did not run)		 Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
4 Stephen Miller
(1816–1881)
[31][32][33]		 January 13, 1864[lower-alpha 7]
–
January 8, 1866
(did not run)		 Republican 1863 Charles D. Sherwood
5 William Rainey Marshall
(1825–1896)
[35][36][37]		 January 8, 1866[38]
–
January 7, 1870
(did not run)		 Republican 1865 Thomas H. Armstrong
1867
6 Horace Austin
(1831–1905)
[39][40][41]		 January 7, 1870[42]
–
January 9, 1874
(did not run)		 Republican 1869 William H. Yale
1871
7 Cushman Kellogg Davis
(1838–1900)
[43][44][45]		 January 9, 1874[46]
–
January 7, 1876
(did not run)		 Republican 1873 Alphonso Barto
8 John S. Pillsbury
(1827–1901)
[47][48][49]		 January 7, 1876[50]
–
January 9, 1882
(did not run)		 Republican 1875 James Wakefield
1877
1879 Charles A. Gilman
9 Lucius Frederick Hubbard
(1836–1913)
[51][52][53]		 January 9, 1882[54]
–
January 5, 1887
(did not run)		 Republican 1881
1883
10 Andrew Ryan McGill
(1840–1905)
[55][56][57]		 January 5, 1887[58]
–
January 9, 1889
(lost nomination)[lower-alpha 8]		 Republican 1886 Albert E. Rice
11 William Rush Merriam
(1849–1931)
[59][60][61]		 January 9, 1889[62]
–
January 4, 1893
(did not run)		 Republican 1888
1890 Gideon S. Ives
12 Knute Nelson
(1843–1923)
[63][64][65]		 January 4, 1893[66]
–
January 31, 1895
(resigned)[lower-alpha 9]		 Republican 1892 David Marston Clough
1894
13 David Marston Clough
(1846–1924)
[67][68][69]		 January 31, 1895[70]
–
January 2, 1899
(did not run)		 Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
1896 John L. Gibbs
14 John Lind
(1854–1930)
[71][72][73]		 January 2, 1899[74]
–
January 7, 1901
(lost election)		 Democratic[lower-alpha 10] 1898 Lyndon A. Smith[lower-alpha 11]
15 Samuel Rinnah Van Sant
(1844–1936)
[75][76][77]		 January 7, 1901[78]
–
January 4, 1905
(did not run)		 Republican 1900
1902 Ray W. Jones[lower-alpha 11]
16 John Albert Johnson
(1861–1909)
[79][80][81]		 January 4, 1905[82]
–
September 21, 1909
(died in office)		 Democratic 1904
1906 Adolph Olson Eberhart[lower-alpha 11]
1908
17 Adolph Olson Eberhart
(1870–1944)
[83][84][85]		 September 21, 1909[86]
–
January 6, 1915
(lost nomination)[lower-alpha 12]		 Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
1910 Samuel Y. Gordon
1912 Joseph A. A. Burnquist[lower-alpha 11]
18 Winfield Scott Hammond
(1863–1915)
[88][89][90]		 January 6, 1915[91]
–
December 30, 1915
(died in office)		 Democratic 1914
19 Joseph A. A. Burnquist
(1879–1961)
[92][93][94]		 December 30, 1915[95]
–
January 5, 1921
(did not run)		 Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
1916 Thomas Frankson
1918
20 J. A. O. Preus
(1883–1961)
[96][97][98]		 January 5, 1921[99]
–
January 7, 1925
(did not run)		 Republican 1920 Louis L. Collins
1922
21 Theodore Christianson
(1883–1948)
[100][101][102]		 January 7, 1925[103]
–
January 7, 1931
(did not run)[lower-alpha 13]		 Republican 1924 William I. Nolan
1926
1928 Charles Edward Adams
22 Floyd B. Olson
(1891–1936)
[105][106][107]		 January 7, 1931[108]
–
August 22, 1936
(died in office)		 Farmer-Labor 1930 Henry M. Arens
1932 Konrad K. Solberg
1934 Hjalmar Petersen
23 Hjalmar Petersen
(1890–1968)
[109][110][111]		 August 22, 1936[112]
–
January 4, 1937
(did not run)[lower-alpha 14]		 Farmer-Labor Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
24 Elmer Austin Benson
(1895–1985)
[113][114][115]		 January 4, 1937[116]
–
January 3, 1939
(lost election)		 Farmer-Labor 1936 Gottfrid Lindsten
25 Harold Stassen
(1907–2001)
[117][118][119]		 January 3, 1939[120]
–
April 27, 1943
(resigned)[lower-alpha 15]		 Republican 1938 C. Elmer Anderson
1940
1942 Edward John Thye
26 Edward John Thye
(1896–1969)
[121][122][123]		 April 27, 1943[124]
–
January 8, 1947
(did not run)[lower-alpha 16]		 Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
1944 C. Elmer Anderson
27 Luther Youngdahl
(1896–1978)
[125][126][127]		 January 8, 1947[128]
–
September 27, 1951
(resigned)[lower-alpha 17]		 Republican 1946
1948
1950
28 C. Elmer Anderson
(1912–1998)
[129][130][131]		 September 27, 1951[132]
–
January 5, 1955
(lost election)		 Republican Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Vacant
1952 Ancher Nelsen
Donald O. Wright
29 Orville Freeman
(1918–2003)
[133][134][135]		 January 5, 1955[136]
–
January 4, 1961
(lost election)		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 1954 Karl Rolvaag[lower-alpha 18]
1956
1958
30 Elmer L. Andersen
(1909–2004)
[137][138][139]		 January 4, 1961[140]
–
March 25, 1963
(lost election)[lower-alpha 19]		 Republican 1960
31 Karl Rolvaag
(1913–1990)
[141][142][143]		 March 25, 1963[144]
–
January 2, 1967
(lost election)		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 1962 Sandy Keith
32 Harold LeVander
(1910–1992)
[145][146][147]		 January 2, 1967[148]
–
January 4, 1971
(did not run)		 Republican 1966 James B. Goetz
33 Wendell R. Anderson
(1933–2016)
[149][150][151]		 January 4, 1971[152]
–
December 29, 1976
(resigned)[lower-alpha 20]		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 1970 Rudy Perpich
1974
34 Rudy Perpich
(1928–1995)
[153][154][155]		 December 29, 1976[156]
–
January 1, 1979
(lost election)		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		 Alec G. Olson
35 Al Quie
(b. 1923)
[157][158]		 January 1, 1979[159]
–
January 3, 1983
(did not run)		 Independent-
Republican		 1978 Lou Wangberg
36 Rudy Perpich
(1928–1995)
[153][154][155]		 January 3, 1983[160]
–
January 7, 1991
(lost election)		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 1982 Marlene Johnson
1986
37 Arne Carlson
(b. 1934)
[161][162]		 January 7, 1991[163]
–
January 4, 1999
(did not run)		 Independent-
Republican		 1990 Joanell Dyrstad
1994 Joanne Benson
38 Jesse Ventura
(b. 1951)
[164][165]		 January 4, 1999[166]
–
January 6, 2003
(did not run)		 Reform 1998 Mae Schunk
39 Tim Pawlenty
(b. 1960)
[167][168]		 January 6, 2003[169]
–
January 3, 2011
(did not run)		 Republican 2002 Carol Molnau
2006
40 Mark Dayton
(b. 1947)
[170][171]		 January 3, 2011[172]
–
January 7, 2019
(did not run)		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 2010 Yvonne Prettner Solon
2014 Tina Smith
Michelle Fischbach[lower-alpha 11]
41 Tim Walz
(b. 1964)
[173]		 January 7, 2019[174]
–
Incumbent[lower-alpha 21]		 Democratic-
Farmer-Labor		 2018 Peggy Flanagan
2022

See also

Notes
  1. The range given is from the date the governor was confirmed by the Senate, or appointed by the President during a Senate recess, to the date the governor left office.
  2. Edward W. McGaughey was nominated on March 15, 1849,[5] but was rejected by the Senate on March 19.[6] William Pennington was then nominated on March 21,[7] and confirmed by the Senate on March 22,[8] but declined the post.[2] Ramsey was appointed on April 2,[2] during a Senate recess; nominated on December 21,[9] and confirmed by the Senate on January 9, 1850.[10] He arrived in the territory on May 27, 1849.[2]
  3. Gorman was nominated on March 31, 1853,[13] confirmed by the Senate on April 1,[14] and arrived in the territory on May 13.[11]
  4. Medary was nominated March 12, 1857,[17] confirmed by the Senate on March 13,[18] and arrived in the territory on April 22.[15]
  5. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  6. Ramsey resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.[3]
  7. Nearly every source says Miller took office on January 11, but the journal of the House of Representatives says it was January 13.[34]
  8. McGill lost the Republican nomination to William Rush Merriam.[55]
  9. Nelson resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.[63]
  10. Lind was also endorsed by the Populist Party and the Silver Republican Party.
  11. Represented the Republican Party.
  12. Eberhart lost the Republican nomination to William E. Lee.[87]
  13. Christianson instead ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for United States Senate.[104]
  14. Petersen instead ran successfully for a seat on the Minnesota Railroad and Warehouse Commission.[109]
  15. Stassen resigned to serve in the United States Naval Reserve.[117]
  16. Thye instead ran successfully for United States Senate.[121]
  17. Youngdahl resigned to take a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.[125]
  18. Represented the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.
  19. Andersen was initially declared the winner of the very close 1960 election, but after a recount, it was decided on March 15, 1963, that he had lost by 91 votes, and he left office on March 25.[137]
  20. Anderson resigned so that his successor would appoint him to the United States Senate.[149]
  21. Walz's second term began January 2, 2023, and will expire in January 2027.

References
General
  • "Former Minnesota Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  • "Governors, 1849-Present". Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
  • McMullin, Thomas A. (1984). Biographical directory of American territorial governors. Westport, CT : Meckler. ISBN 978-0-930466-11-4. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
  • Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. II. Meckler Books. ISBN 9780930466008. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
Specific
  1. 9 Stat. 403
  2. McMullin pp. 195–197
  3. Sobel p. 774
  4. "Alexander Ramsey". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  5. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 31st Cong., special sess., 15 March 1849, 84. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  6. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 31st Cong., special sess., 19 March 1849, 90. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  7. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 31st Cong., special sess., 21 March 1849, 93. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  8. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 21st Cong., special sess., 22 March 1849, 94. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  9. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 31st Cong., 1st sess., 21 December 1849, 98. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  10. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 31st Cong., 1st sess., 9 January 1850, 170. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  11. McMullin pp. 197–199
  12. "Willis Arnold Gorman". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  13. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 33rd Cong., special sess., 31 March 1853, 126. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  14. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 33rd Cong., special sess., 1 April 1853, 131. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  15. McMullin pp. 199–201
  16. "Samuel Medary". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  17. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 35th Cong., special sess., 12 March 1857, 241. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  18. U.S. Senate Exec. Journal. 35th Cong., special sess., 13 March 1857, 253. Accessed March 13, 2023.
  19. 11 Stat. 285
  20. "Constitutional Amendments". Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  21. Sobel pp. 773–774
  22. "Henry Hastings Sibley". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  23. "Henry Hastings Sibley". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  24. Folwell, William Watts (1924). A History of Minnesota. Minnesota Historical Society. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-87351-001-1.
  25. "Alexander Ramsey". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  26. Minnesota House of Representatives (1860). Journal of the House of Representatives. p. 163.
  27. Sobel p. 775
  28. "Henry Adoniram Swift". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  29. "Henry Adoniram Swift". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  30. "Governors, 1849-Present". Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
  31. Sobel pp. 775–776
  32. "Stephen Miller". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  33. "Stephen Miller". MNopedia. Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  34. Minnesota House of Representatives (1864). Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Minnesota. p. 22.
  35. Sobel pp. 776–777
  36. "William Rainey Marshall". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  37. "William Rainey Marshall". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  38. Minnesota House of Representatives (1866). Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Minnesota. p. 16. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  39. Sobel p. 777
  40. "Horace Austin". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  41. "Horace Austin". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  42. Minnesota House of Representatives (1870). Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Minnesota. p. 19. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  43. Sobel p. 778
  44. "Cushman Kellogg Davis". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  45. "Cushman Kellogg Davis". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  46. "Davis inaugurated Jan 9". Star Tribune. 1874-01-10. p. 4. Retrieved 2023-03-14.
  47. Sobel pp. 778–779
  48. "John Sargent Pillsbury". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  49. "John Sargent Pillsbury". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  50. Minnesota House of Representatives (1870). Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Minnesota. p. 24. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  51. Sobel pp. 779–780
  52. "Lucius Frederick Hubbard". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  53. "Lucius Frederick Hubbard". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  54. "Inauguration of Gov. Hubbard". The Saint Paul Globe. 1882-01-10. p. 2. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  55. Sobel pp. 780–781
  56. "Andrew Ryan McGill". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  57. "Andrew Ryan McGill". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  58. "The Ins and Outs - Gov. Hubbard Retires from the Governorship and McGill Takes Possession". The Saint Paul Globe. 1887-01-06. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  59. Sobel p. 781
  60. "William Rush Merriam". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  61. "William Rush Merriam". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  62. "Merriam inaugurated Jan 9". The Saint Paul Globe. 1889-01-10. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  63. Sobel p. 782
  64. "Knute Nelson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  65. "Knute Nelson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  66. "King Knute". Minneapolis Daily Times. 1893-01-05. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  67. Sobel pp. 782–783
  68. "David Marston Clough". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  69. "David Marston Clough". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  70. "Clough is now Governor". The Minneapolis Journal. 1895-01-31. p. 10. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  71. Sobel pp. 783–784
  72. "John Lind". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  73. "John Lind". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  74. "Lind Is Sworn In". Minneapolis Daily Times. 1899-01-03. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  75. Sobel p. 784
  76. "Samuel Rinnah Van Sant". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  77. "Samuel Rinnah Van Sant". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  78. "Van Sant Sworn In". Star Tribune. 1901-01-08. p. 4. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  79. Sobel p. 785
  80. "John Albert Johnson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  81. "John Albert Johnson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  82. "John A. Johnson Made Governor of Minnesota". Star Tribune. 1905-01-05. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  83. Sobel pp. 785–786
  84. "Adolph Olson Eberhart". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  85. "Adolph Olson Eberhart". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  86. "Governor Eberhart Proclaims Thursday As Day of Mourning Throughout the State". Star Tribune. 1909-09-22. p. 2. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  87. "The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1915" (PDF). p. 185. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  88. Sobel p. 786
  89. "Winfield Scott Hammond". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  90. "Winfield Scott Hammond". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  91. "Hammond Plans Development of Idle State Land". The Pioneer. 1915-01-07. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  92. Sobel pp. 786–787
  93. "Joseph Alfred Arner Burnquist". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  94. "Joseph Alfred Arner Burnquist". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  95. "Burnquist Is Sworn In as New Governor". Star Tribune. 1915-12-31. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  96. Sobel pp. 787–788
  97. "Jacob Aall Ottesen Preus". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  98. "Jacob Aall Ottesen Preus". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  99. "Preus Outlines State Fight on Townleyism". Star Tribune. 1921-01-06. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  100. Sobel pp. 788–789
  101. "Theodore Christianson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  102. "Theodore Christianson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  103. "New Governor Taking Oath of Office". The Minneapolis Star. 1925-01-07. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  104. University of Minnesota Libraries, University of Minnesota. "1930 Minnesota U.S. Senate Republican Primary". Minnesota Historical Election Archive. Archived from the original on 2021-08-24. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  105. Sobel p. 789
  106. "Floyd Bjornstjerne Olson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  107. "Floyd B. Olson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  108. "Olson Takes Oath, Delivers Address". Star Tribune. 1931-01-08. p. 6. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  109. Sobel pp. 789–790
  110. "Hjalmar Petersen". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  111. "Hjalmar Petersen". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  112. "Governor Olson Dies - Loses His Long Fight Against Stomach Cancer". Star Tribune. 1936-08-23. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  113. Sobel pp. 790–791
  114. "Elmer Austin Benson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  115. "Elmer Austin Benson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  116. "Benson Takes Over Reins as Governor of Minnesota". The Minneapolis Star. 1937-01-04. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  117. Sobel p. 791
  118. "Harold Edward Stassen". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  119. "Harold Edward Stassen". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  120. "New 'First Family' at Ceremony". The Minneapolis Star. 1939-01-03. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  121. Sobel p. 792
  122. "Edward John Thye". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  123. "Edward John Thye". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  124. "Ed Thye Becomes State's First Farmer-Governor as Stassen Starts Navy Duty". The Minneapolis Star. 1943-04-27. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  125. Sobel pp. 792–793
  126. "Luther Wallace Youngdahl". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  127. "Luther Wallace Youngdahl". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  128. "Youngdahl Asks State Luxury Levy". The Minneapolis Star. 1947-01-08. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  129. Sobel p. 793
  130. "Clyde Elmer Anderson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  131. "C. Elmer Anderson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  132. "C. Elmer Anderson Takes Oath as 28th Governor". The Winona Daily News. 1951-09-27. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  133. Sobel p. 794
  134. "Orville Lothrop Freeman". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  135. "Orville L. Freeman". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  136. "Freeman Sworn In, Urges Teamwork, Public Support". The Minneapolis Star. 1955-01-05. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  137. Sobel pp. 794–795
  138. "Elmer Lee Andersen". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  139. "Elmer Lee Andersen". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  140. "Andersen Vows to Set 'Partisanship' Aside". St. Cloud Times. 1961-01-04. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  141. Sobel pp. 795–796
  142. "Karl Fritjof Rolvaag". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  143. "Karl F. Rolvaag". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  144. "Rolvaag Takes Oath as 31st Governor". The Minneapolis Star. 1963-03-25. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  145. Sobel p. 796
  146. "Harold LeVander". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  147. "Harold P. LeVander". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  148. "LeVander Takes Governor's Oath". Star Tribune. 1967-01-03. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  149. Sobel pp. 796–797
  150. "Wendell Richard Anderson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  151. "Wendell R. Anderson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  152. "Anderson becomes governor of state". The Minneapolis Star. 1971-01-04. p. 4. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  153. Sobel p. 797
  154. "Rudolph George Perpich". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  155. "Rudy G. Perpich". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  156. "Perpich sworn in Dec 29". The Winona Daily News. 1976-12-30. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  157. "Albert Harold Quie". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  158. "Albert H. Quie". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  159. "Quie inaugurated Jan 1". Star Tribune. 1979-01-02. p. 12. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  160. "Perpich takes oath in Hibbing". Star Tribune. 1983-01-04. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  161. "Arne Helge Carlson". National Governors Association. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  162. "Arne H. Carlson". Minnesota Historical Society. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  163. "37th governor sworn in at Capitol". Star Tribune. 1991-01-08. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
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