Ice IX

Ice IX is a form of solid water stable at temperatures below 140 K or -133.15 C and pressures between 200 and 400 MPa. It has a tetragonal crystal lattice and a density of 1.16 g/cm3, 26% higher than ordinary ice. It is formed by cooling ice III from 208 K to 165 K (rapidly—to avoid forming ice II). Its structure is identical to ice III other than being completely proton-ordered.[1]

This article is about a real form of solid water. For the fictional material called Ice-nine that appears in the Kurt Vonnegut novel, see Cat's Cradle.
For other uses, see Ice-nine (disambiguation).

Ordinary water ice is known as ice Ih in the Bridgman nomenclature. Different types of ice, from ice II to ice XIX, have been created in the laboratory at different temperatures and pressures.

Ice in general becomes different kinds of ice based on situation and temperature. Some ice crystals are colder than others. One big difference in the different kinds of ice besides temperature is formation of the ice crystal. Each kind of crystal holds a different shape.

Cultural References

Additionally, a version of Ice IX is introduced in the book Cat's Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut. In the book, Ice IX is a theoretical ice crystal formation that freezes all water it comes into contact with.

See also
  • Ice, for other crystalline forms of ice.

References
  1. La Placa, Sam J.; Hamilton, Walter C.; Kamb, Barclay; Prakash, Anand (1973-01-15). "On a nearly proton‐ordered structure for ice IX". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 58 (2): 567–580. doi:10.1063/1.1679238. ISSN 0021-9606.
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