Influence-for-hire
Influence-for-hire or collective influence, refers to the economy that has emerged around buying and selling influence on social media platforms.[1]
Overview
Companies that engage in the influence-for-hire industry range from content farms to high end public relations agencies. Traditionally influence operations have largely been confined to public sector actors like intelligence agencies, in the influence-for-hire industry the groups conduction the operations are private with commerce being their primary consideration. However many of the clients in the influence-for-hire industry are countries or countries acting through proxies.[1] They are often located in countries with less expensive digital labor.[2]
History
In May 2021, Facebook took a Ukrainian influence-for-hire network offline. Facebook attributed the network to organizations and consultants linked to Ukrainian politicians including Andriy Derkach.[3][4]
During the COVID-19 pandemic state sponsored misinformation was spread through influence-for-hire networks.[5]
In August 2021, a report published by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute implicated the Chinese government and the ruling Chinese Communist Party in campaigns of online manipulation conducted against Australia and Taiwan using influence-for-hire.[6][7][8][9]
See also
References
- Wallace, Jacob; Boggle, Ariel; Zhang, Albert; Mansour, Hillary. "Influence for hire. The Asia-Pacific's online shadow economy". www.aspi.org.au. ASPI. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- KIPAROIDZE, MARIAM. "'Influence for hire' networks are manipulating online discussions throughout the Asia Pacific region". www.codastory.com. Coda Story. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Culliford, Elizabeth. "Facebook Removes Ukraine Political 'Influence-For-Hire' Network". www.usnews.com. US News. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Somerville, Hannah. "Ukrainian MP blasts 'hysterical' Facebook after influence network busted". www.euronews.com. Euro News. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Mansour, Hillary; Nkwanyana, Khwezi; Page, Matthew. "The threat spectrum". www.aspistrategist.org.au. ASPI. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Gibson, Liam. "CCP outsourcing propaganda campaigns to content farms in Taiwan and Australia: Think tank". www.taiwannews.com.tw. Taiwan News. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Galloway, Anthony. "Growing online 'influence-for-hire' economy opens door for foreign interference: report". www.smh.com.au. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Barbaschow, Asha. "ASPI suggests government work with platforms to fight disinformation for hire". www.zdnet.com. ZDNet. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- Rae, Marion. "China hides behind hackers for hire: study". thewest.com.au. The West Australian. Retrieved 14 August 2021.