Khivi

Khivi (Punjabi: ਮਾਤਾ ਖੀਵੀ) (1506–1582) also referred to as Mata Khivi or Bibi Khivi was the wife of the second Sikh guru Angad, best known for establishing the Sikh tradition of langar (free kitchen).[1][2]

Mata

Khivi
ਮਾਤਾ ਖੀਵੀ
Painting of Mata Khivi cooking to prepare langar
Born1506
Sangar Kot
Died1586
SpouseGuru Angad Dev
Children4
Parents
  • Devi Chand (father)
  • Karan Devi (mother)

Early life
Guru Angad, Mata Khivi, Baba Dasu, and Baba Dattu. Daughters Bibi Amro and Bibi Anokhi are missing. From an illustrated and illuminated folio of a Dasam Granth manuscript by Miha Singh of Kashmir, ca.1839–1843

Khivi was born in 1506 into a Marwaha Khatri family to Devi Chand and Karan Devi in village Sangar Kot near Khadoor Sahib. Devi Chand was a businessman and money lender. She was married to Lehna, a resident of Khadoor Sahib in 1519 at the age of 13, who went on to become second guru of Sikhs and was named Guru Angad Dev. The couple had four children; two sons Datu and Dasu and two daughters Anokhi and Bibi Amro. According to some sources, the couple only had three children (omitting Anokhi).[3] Khivi lived for 30 years after her husband's death to the age of 75.

Langar service

After Guru Nanak's initiation, Khivi continued the system of langar or free kitchen and administered it. It was popularly known as Mata Khivi ji da Langar (Mother Khivi's langar) and she was monumental in institutionalising the Sikh tradition of langar.[4][1] She was also instrumental in making the Sewa (service) tradition in Sikh temples.[2]

See also

References
  1. Sarna, Jasveen Kaur (11 July 2017). "5 Sikh Women In History You Should Know About | #IndianWomenInHistory". Feminism In India. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
  2. "Mata Khivi - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia". www.sikhiwiki.org. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
  3. Singha, H. S. (2000). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries). p. 126. ISBN 81-7010-301-0. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
  4. Gujral, Maninder S. "KHIVI, MATA". The Sikh Encyclopedia -ਸਿੱਖ ਧਰਮ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼. Retrieved 12 December 2018.


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