Linothele

Linothele is a genus of South American curtain web spiders that was first described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1879.[3]

Linothele
L. fallax
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Mygalomorphae
Family: Dipluridae
Genus: Linothele
Karsch, 1879[1]
Type species
L. curvitarsis
Karsch, 1879
Species

22, see text

Synonyms[1][2]

The venom of Linothele sp has a median lethal dose of 0.6 mg / kg, two toxins, both of low molecular weight, were isolated in the venom, Ls1 and Ls2. These two toxins have been shown to be quite lethal to white mice by injection into the cerebroventricular region. The lethal dose of Ls1 and Ls2 is 24 and 19 μg / kg respectively, both toxins represent 0.21% and 0.43% of the weight of the whole venom.[4]

Species

As of January 2023 it contains 22 species:[1]

  • Linothele cavicola Goloboff, 1994 – Ecuador
  • Linothele cristata (Mello-Leitão, 1945) – Brazil
  • Linothele curvitarsis Karsch, 1879 (type) – Venezuela
  • Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926) – Bolivia, Brazil
  • Linothele gaujoni (Simon, 1889) – Ecuador
  • Linothele jelskii (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) – Peru
  • Linothele longicauda (Ausserer, 1871) – Ecuador
  • Linothele macrothelifera Strand, 1908 – Colombia
  • Linothele melloleitaoi (Brignoli, 1983) – Colombia
  • Linothele monticolens (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru
  • Linothele mubii (Nicoletta, Ochoa, Chaparro & Ferretti, 2022) – Peru
  • Linothele paulistana (Mello-Leitão, 1924) – Brazil
  • Linothele pukachumpi Dupérré & Tapia, 2015 – Ecuador
  • Linothele quori Dupérré & Tapia, 2015 – Ecuador
  • Linothele septentrionalis Drolshagen & Bäckstam, 2021 – Bahamas
  • Linothele sericata (Karsch, 1879) – Colombia
  • Linothele sexfasciata (Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945) – Venezuela
  • Linothele spinosa Drolshagen & Bäckstam, 2021 – Peru
  • Linothele tsachilas Dupérré & Tapia, 2015 – Ecuador
  • Linothele uniformis Drolshagen & Bäckstam, 2021 – Peru
  • Linothele yanachanka Dupérré & Tapia, 2015 – Ecuador
  • Linothele zaia Dupérré & Tapia, 2015 – Ecuador

References
  1. "Gen. Linothele Karsch, 1879". World Spider Catalog Version 22.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2021. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2 July 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 74–75.
  3. Karsch, F. (1879). "Arachnologische Beitrage". Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften. 52: 534–562.
  4. Atakuziev, B. U.; Yukel'son, L. Ya. (1996-03-01). "Investigation of the toxins of the venom of the spiderLinothele sp". Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 32 (2): 201–204. doi:10.1007/BF01373859. ISSN 1573-8388. S2CID 32911907.


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