Parahelicoprion
Parahelicoprion is an extinct genus of shark-like eugeneodontid holocephalids from the Permian of the Ural Mountains (Russia) and Copacabana Formation, Bolivia.[1] The genus name, from "nearly coiled saw" in Greek, directly refers to Helicoprion, a related holocephalid that shares similar traits to it, including the helical whorl of teeth.
Parahelicoprion Temporal range: Early Permian ~ | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Chondrichthyes |
Order: | †Eugeneodontida |
Family: | †Helicoprionidae |
Genus: | †Parahelicoprion Karpinsky, 1924 |
Type species | |
Helicoprion clerci Karpinsky, 1916 | |
Species | |
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Description
One of the primary qualities that separate Parahelicoprion from Helicoprion is the shape, thickness, and angle of the tooth whorl. Its teeth protrude outwards not like a tightly coiled saw, but instead a curved arrangement of cutting blades indicating it relied less on crushing slow-moving invertebrates and catching cephalopods, or other small mollusk prey, but inflicting traumatic damage against more durable, faster prey.[2] Their teeth grew at a much slower pace than those of other whorl-tooth sharks, resulting in a depreciated spiral, growing only half of the teeth a Helicoprion would grow in its lifetime. The tooth spiral also was able to indicate the age of the eugeneodontidans in question.[3]
The fossils of Parahelicoprion indicate an animal that was overall similar in size but more slender[4] and less heavy than Helicoprion which measured over 25 ft (7.6 m) in length.[5] Largest Parahelicoprion probably reached 12 m (39 ft) in length,[6] making them along with Helicoprion the largest animals of Paleozoic era.[5][6]
Paleobiology
Parahelicoprion is thought to have been a nektonic carnivore that probably preyed upon a variety of different species, using its blade-like teeth to cut at exposed flesh like a hatchet or wedge.[7]
References
- Merino-Rodo, Dagmar; et al. (1986). "Chondrichthyan and actinopterygian remains from theLower Permian Copacabana Formation of Bolivia". Geobios. 19 (4): 479–493. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(86)80005-5.
- http://dinonews.net/forum/paleoactus.php?msg=168926 Parahelicoprion and Agassizodontidea
- Brad Matsen and Ray Troll (October 25, 2012). "Planet Ocean: A Story of Life, the Sea, and Dancing to the Fossil Record".
- "Buzzsaw-toothed leviathans cruised the ancient seas". eartharchives.org. Archived from the original on 22 August 2022.
- Tapanila, L.; Pruitt, J.; Wilga, C.D.; Pradel, A. (2020). "Saws, Scissors, and Sharks: Late Paleozoic Experimentation with Symphyseal Dentition". The Anatomical Record. 303 (2): 363–376. doi:10.1002/ar.24046. PMID 30536888. S2CID 54478736.
- Stanislav Drobyshevsky (2022). Палеонтология антрополога. Книга 1. Докембрий и палеозой (Paleontology of anthropologist. Volume 1. Precambrian and Paleozoic). Eksmo. ISBN 9785042095238. Retrieved 31 August 2022.
- "Fossilworks: Parahelicoprion".