Per mille

Per mille (from Latin per mīlle 'in each thousand')[1] is parts per thousand.[2] Other recognised spellings include per mil,[2] per mill,[1][3] permil,[1] permill,[1] or permille.[4][5]

"‰" redirects here. Not to be confused with %, indicating parts per hundred, or with ‱, indicating parts per ten thousand.
Permille may also be a 1000-quantile.
"Promille" redirects here. For the Finnish video game, see Promille (video game).

‰
Per mille
In UnicodeU+2030 ‰ PER MILLE SIGN (‰)
Related
See alsoU+0025 % PERCENT SIGN
U+2031 ‱ PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN (Basis point)
Visualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block (larger version)

The associated sign is written ‰, which looks like a percent sign % with an extra zero or o in the divisor.

The term occurs so rarely in English that major dictionaries do not agree on the spelling[1][2][3] and some major dictionaries, such as Macmillan,[6] do not even contain an entry. The term is more common in other European languages where it is used to express fractions smaller than 1%. One common usage is blood alcohol content, which is usually expressed as a percentage in English-speaking countries.

Per mille should not be confused with parts per million (ppm).

Computer systems

The code point for the glyph is included in the General Punctuation block of Unicode characters: U+2030 ‰ PER MILLE SIGN.[4] It may be typed using Alt+0137, Compose%o, Ctrl+⇧ Shift+u 2030, or ⌥ Option+⇧ Shift+r according to operating system.

Note that for the compose key sequence the percent key (%) is followed by lower case letter o and not, as might be expected, by digit 0.[7]

Examples
A railroad distance and gradient sign in Gdańsk, Poland. The 50‰ grade is equivalent to 5%.
A tram and gradient sign in Gdańsk, Poland. The 50‰ grade is equivalent to 5%.

Examples of use include:

See also

References
  1. "per mil". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  2. "per mille". Cambridge Dictionary. Business English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 2020-06-08. per mille adverb (also per mil)
  3. "per mill". Oxford Dictionaries: The American Dictionary. Archived from the original on August 9, 2013. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  4. Unicode. "General Punctuation". 2014. Accessed 5 Aug 2014.
  5. "per mille". Longman Business Dictionary. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
  6. "per mille". Macmillan Dictionary. Retrieved 2014-08-01. No result
  7. Monniaux, David. "UTF-8 (Unicode) compose sequence". Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  • Media related to Per mille at Wikimedia Commons
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