Phuwiangosaurus

Phuwiangosaurus (meaning "Phu Wiang lizard") is a genus of titanosaur dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian) Sao Khua Formation of Thailand. The type species, P. sirindhornae, was described by Martin, Buffetaut, and Suteethorn in a 1993 press release[1] and was formally named in 1994.[2] The species was named to honor Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn of Thailand, who was interested in the geology and palaeontology of Thailand, while the genus was named after the Phu Wiang area, where the fossil was discovered.

Life restoration of a Phuwiangosaurus herd in the Sao Khua Formation environment, with the spinosaurid dinosaur Siamosaurus (right) and the crocodyliform Sunosuchus (middle left)

Phuwiangosaurus
Temporal range: late Valanginian-early Hauterivian,
~
Femur
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: †Sauropodomorpha
Clade: †Sauropoda
Clade: †Macronaria
Family: †Euhelopodidae
Genus: †Phuwiangosaurus
Martin, Buffetaut and Suteethorn, 1994
Type species
†Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae
Martin, Buffetaut and Suteethorn, 1994

Phuwiangosaurus was originally assigned to Titanosauria, but more recent studies have placed it in a more basal position within the Titanosauriformes. Phylogenetic analyses presented by D'Emic (2012), Mannion et al. (2013), and Mocho et al. (2014) resolve Phuwiangosaurus within the Euhelopodidae, alongside genera such as Euhelopus and Tangvayosaurus.[3][4][5] Other analyses have failed to find support for such a grouping,[6] including some finding it to be paraphyletic at the base of Somphospondyli.[4][7]

Description
Size compared to a human

Phuwiangosaurus was a mid-sized sauropod, roughly 15 to 20 metres (49 to 66 ft) long.[8] Its mass has been estimated at 17 tonnes.[9] The teeth are slender and peg-like, with the tooth height from base to tip being on average over four times greater than the width of the base of the tooth. They are slenderer than the teeth of other euhelopodids, with their proportions more closely resembling the teeth of diplodocoids and titanosaurs.[10] The neck of Phuwiangosaurus was probably composed of 13 vertebrae. The lengths of the vertebrae increase up to the middle of the neck, with the eighth cervical vertebra being the longest, and then decrease again. The cervical neural spines are bifurcated from the seventh cervical vertebra onward.[11] The sacrum was composed of five vertebrae.[12]

References
  1. Martin, V.; E. Buffeataut; V. Suteethorn (1993). "Jurassic sauropod dinosaurs of Thailand: a preliminary report". In T. Thanasutipital (ed.). Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biostratigraphy of mainland Southeast Asia. Chiang Mai University. pp. 415–425.
  2. Martin, V.; E. Buffeataut; V. Suteethorn (1994). "A new genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Sao Khua formation (Late Jurassic or early Cretaceous) of northeastern Thailand". Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris. 319 (2): 1085–1092.
  3. D'Emic, M. D. (2012). "The early evolution of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 166 (3): 624–671. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00853.x.
  4. Mannion, P. D.; Upchurch, P.; Barnes, R. N.; Mateus, O. (2013). "Osteology of the Late Jurassic Portuguese sauropod dinosaur Lusotitan atalaiensis (Macronaria) and the evolutionary history of basal titanosauriforms". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 168: 98–206. doi:10.1111/zoj.12029.
  5. Mocho, P.; Royo-Torres, R.; Ortega, F. (2014). "Phylogenetic reassessment of Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis, a basal Macronaria (Sauropoda) from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 170 (4): 875–916. doi:10.1111/zoj.12113.
  6. D'Emic, M. D. (2013). "Revision of the sauropod dinosaurs of the Lower Cretaceous Trinity Group, southern USA, with the description of a new genus". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 11 (6): 707–726. doi:10.1080/14772019.2012.667446. S2CID 84742205.
  7. Zaher, H.; Pol, D.; Carvalho, A.B.; Nascimento, P.M.; Riccomini, C.; Larson, P.; Juarez-Valieri, R.; Pires-Domingues, R.; da Silva Jr, N.J.; de Almeida Campos, D. (2011). "A complete skull of Early Cretaceous sauropod and the evolution of advanced titanosaurians". PLOS ONE. 6 (2): e16663. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...616663Z. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016663. PMC 3034730. PMID 21326881.
  8. Martin, Suteethorn & Buffetaut 1999, p. 42.
  9. Paul 2010, p. 205.
  10. D'Emic et al. 2013, p. 27.
  11. Suteethorn et al. 2009, p. 203.
  12. Suteethorn et al. 2009, p. 207.

Works cited
  • D'Emic, Michael D.; Mannion, Philip D.; Upchurch, Paul; Benson, Roger B. J.; Pang, Qiqing; Cheng, Zhengwu (2013-08-02). "Osteology of Huabeisaurus allocotus (Sauropoda: Titanosauriformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of China". PLoS ONE. 8 (8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069375. ISSN 1932-6203.
  • Martin, V.; Suteethorn, V.; Buffetaut, E. (1999). "Description of the type and referred material of Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae Martin, Buffetaut and Suteethorn, 1994, a sauropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand". Oryctos. 2: 39–91.
  • Paul, Gregory S. (2010). The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691137209.
  • Suteethorn, S.; Le Loeuff, J.; Buffetaut, E.; Suteethorn, V.; Talubmook, C.; Chonglakmani, C. (2009). "A new skeleton of Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from NE Thailand". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 315 (1): 189–215. doi:10.1144/SP315.14. eISSN 2041-4927. ISSN 0305-8719.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.