Portal:England

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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea area of the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.

The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century.

The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law, which collectively served as the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world, developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England is also home to the two oldest institutions of higher learning in the English-speaking world, the University of Cambridge, founded in 1209, and the University of Oxford, founded in 1096, both of which are routinely ranked among the most prestigious universities globally.

England's terrain is chiefly low hills and plains, especially in the centre and south. Upland and mountainous terrain is mostly restricted to the north and west, including the Lake District, Pennines, Dartmoor and Shropshire Hills. The capital is London, whose greater metropolitan population of 14.2 million as of 2021 represents the United Kingdom's largest metropolitan area. England's population of 56.3 million comprises 84% of the population of the United Kingdom, largely concentrated around London, the South East, and conurbations in the Midlands, the North West, the North East, and Yorkshire, which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century. (Full article...)

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Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last monarch of the House of Tudor and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen".

Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, his second wife, who was executed when Elizabeth was two years old. Anne's marriage to Henry was annulled, and Elizabeth was for a time declared illegitimate. After Henry, Elizabeth's half-brother Edward VI, ruled until his own death in 1553, bequeathing the crown to a cousin, Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters, the Catholic Mary and the younger Elizabeth, in spite of statute law to the contrary. Edward's will was set aside and Mary became queen, deposing and executing Jane. During Mary's reign, Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels. (Full article...)

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Dover (/ˈdoʊvər/) is a town and major ferry port in Kent, South East England. It faces France across the Strait of Dover, the narrowest part of the English Channel at 33 kilometres (21 mi) from Cap Gris Nez in France. It lies south-east of Canterbury and east of Maidstone. The town is the administrative centre of the Dover District and home of the Port of Dover.

Archaeological finds have revealed that the area has always been a focus for peoples entering and leaving Britain. The name derives from the River Dour that flows through it. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various England-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1The Lady Chapel of Wells Cathedral (from Culture of England)
Image 2Canterbury Cathedral nave, 1377 (from History of England)
Image 3Hampton Court Palace (from Culture of England)
Image 4First played in 1877, the Wimbledon Championships is the oldest tennis tournament in the world. (from Culture of England)
Image 5King Alfred the Great statue in Winchester, Hampshire. The 9th-century English king encouraged education in his kingdom, and proposed that primary education be taught in English, with those wishing to advance to holy orders to continue their studies in Latin. (from Culture of England)
Image 6Geoffrey Chaucer, c. 1340s-1400, author of The Canterbury Tales (from History of England)
Image 7The Great Fire London, 1666. (from History of England)
Image 8King's College in Cambridge is regarded as one of the greatest examples of late English Gothic architecture. It has the world's largest fan vault, while the chapel's stained-glass windows and wooden chancel screen are considered some of the finest from their era. (from Culture of England)
Image 9Canterbury Cathedral is the seat of the Primate of All England, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the most senior bishop of the Church of England. (It was the property of the Roman Catholic Church before the English Reformation.) (from Culture of England)
Image 10Depiction of the Battle of Hastings (1066) on the Bayeux Tapestry (from History of England)
Image 11Stinking Bishop cheese (from Culture of England)
Image 12The Battersea Shield (detail), 350 BC (from History of England)
Image 13Flatford Mill ('Scene on a Navigable River') by John Constable, c. 1816 (from Culture of England)
Image 14View of the ramparts of the hillfort of Maiden Castle (450 BC), as they look today (from History of England)
Image 15The Staffordshire Hoard is the largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold and silver metalwork yet found. It consists of almost 4,600 items and metal fragments. (from Culture of England)
Image 16Durham Cathedral, dating from 1093 (from Culture of England)
Image 17Edward Elgar is one of England's most celebrated classical composers. (from Culture of England)
Image 18England playing Australia at Lord's Cricket Ground in the 2009 Ashes series. After winning the 2019 Cricket World Cup, England became the first country to win the World Cups in football, rugby union and cricket. (from Culture of England)
Image 19Kingdoms and tribes in Britain, c. AD 600 (from History of England)
Image 20Sir Isaac Newton, 1689. Regarded as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the Scientific Revolution. (from Culture of England)
Image 21Maps of territory held by Royalists (red) and Parliamentarians (green) during the English Civil War (1642–1645) (from History of England)
Image 22Silbury Hill, c. 2400 BC (from History of England)
Image 23The wizard Merlin features as a character in many works of fiction, including the BBC series Merlin. (from Culture of England)
Image 24Frontispiece of Bede's Life of St Cuthbert, showing King Æthelstan presenting a copy of the book to the saint himself. c. 930 (from History of England)
Image 25Artefacts from Bush Barrow at Stonehenge. Wessex culture, Early Bronze Age, c. 1900 BC (from History of England)
Image 26Anglo-Saxon helmet from the Sutton Hoo ship burial, 625 AD (replica) (from History of England)
Image 27The English landscape garden at Stourhead, described as a 'living work of art' when first opened in the 1750s (from Culture of England)
Image 28The Billingsgate Fish Market in London in the early 19th century (from History of England)
Image 29Stonehenge, erected in several stages from c.3000-2500 BC (from History of England)
Image 30Tomb of Richard I of England and Isabella of Angoulême (from History of England)
Image 31Morris dancing (from Culture of England)
Image 32William Hogarth's depiction of a scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest is an example of how English literature influenced English painting in the 18th century. (from Culture of England)
Image 33The Lindisfarne Gospels (from Culture of England)
Image 34King James I of England (from History of England)
Image 35Christopher Lee (seen here as Dracula in 1958) starred in many of Hammer's British horror films. (from Culture of England)
Image 36Victory in Europe Day celebrations in London, 8 May 1945 (from History of England)
Image 37National performing arts are held annually at the Royal Albert Hall, as well as The Proms during the summer. (from Culture of England)
Image 38Folio 27r from the Lindisfarne Gospels, c. 720 AD (from History of England)
Image 39Charles Dickens' 1843 novella A Christmas Carol played a major role in reviving the "spirit" of Christmas and seasonal goodwill. (from Culture of England)
Image 40King Charles I, who was beheaded in 1649 (from History of England)
Image 41Sir Francis Drake's voyage 1585–86 (from History of England)
Image 42Large miniature of George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland by Nicholas Hilliard, c. 1590, after his appointment as the Queen's Champion, in tilting attire with the Queen's glove as her favour pinned to his hat (from Culture of England)
Image 43A pint of real ale (from Culture of England)
Image 44Remains of the Roman baths at Bath, England. (from History of England)
Image 45Elizabeth I (from History of England)
Image 46The first general laws against child labour, the Factory Acts, were passed in Britain in the first half of the 19th century. Children younger than nine were not allowed to work and the work day of youth under the age of 18 was limited to twelve hours. (from History of England)
Image 47The Alfred Jewel, late 9th century (from History of England)
Image 48The Mob Quad of Merton College, University of Oxford, 13th-14th century (from History of England)
Image 49Anglo-Saxon king with his Witan. Biblical scene in the Old English Hexateuch (11th century) (from History of England)
Image 50Procession of characters from Shakespeare's plays (from Culture of England)
Image 51One of only four surviving exemplifications of the 1215 text, Cotton MS. Augustus II. 106, property of the British Library (from History of England)
Image 52Londinium (Roman London), c. 120 AD (from History of England)
Image 53Countries where English has official status or is widely spoken (from Culture of England)
Image 54A traditional Punch and Judy booth, at Swanage, Dorset, England (from Culture of England)
Image 55King Henry VIII (from History of England)
Image 56Francis Bacon in a portrait by Pourbus the Younger, (1617). His works are seen as developing the scientific method and remained highly influential through the Scientific revolution. (from Culture of England)
Image 57King Charles II (from History of England)
Image 58Dover Castle, 12th-13th century (from History of England)
Image 59Alfred Hitchcock is often regarded as the greatest British filmmaker, and was described as "a straightforward middle-class Englishman who just happened to be an artistic genius." (from Culture of England)
Image 60Shoulder clasp from Sutton Hoo, 625 AD (from History of England)
Image 61The Roman Baths in Bath; a temple was constructed on the site between 60–70CE in the first few decades of Roman Britain. It is a lasting monument from Roman Britain. (from Culture of England)
Image 62Portrait of Edward VI, c. 1550 (from History of England)
Image 63Chester, c. 1880 (from History of England)
Image 64The White Tower of the Tower of London, built in 1078 (from History of England)
Image 65First English Civil War at the Battle of Marston Moor, 1644 (from History of England)
Image 66Caesar's first invasion of Britain (from History of England)
Image 67The Royal College of Music is a conservatoire established by royal charter in 1882, located in South Kensington, London. (from Culture of England)
Image 68King Charles II, a patron of the arts and sciences, supported the Royal Society, a scientific group whose early members included Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle and Sir Isaac Newton. (from Culture of England)
Image 69The Ruthwell Cross, 8th century AD (from History of England)
Image 70Durham Cathedral, built 1093–1133 (from History of England)
Image 71The Procession Picture, c. 1600, showing Elizabeth I borne along by her courtiers (from History of England)
Image 72The Spanish Armada and English ships in August 1588, (unknown, 16th-century, English School) (from History of England)
Image 73Remains of Hadrian's Wall (from History of England)
Image 74The Palace of Westminster, a landmark of English architecture (from Culture of England)
Image 75Astley's Amphitheatre, London circa 1808. Astley performed stunts in a 42 ft diameter ring; the standard size used by circuses ever since. (from Culture of England)
Image 76England in 878 (from History of England)

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The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London in 1962. Active for six decades, they are one of the most popular and enduring bands of the rock era. In the early 1960s, the Rolling Stones pioneered the gritty, rhythmically driven sound that came to define hard rock. Their first stable line-up consisted of vocalist Mick Jagger, multi-instrumentalist Brian Jones, guitarist Keith Richards, bassist Bill Wyman, and drummer Charlie Watts. During their formative years, Jones was the primary leader: he assembled the band, named it, and drove their sound and image. After Andrew Loog Oldham became the group's manager in 1963, he encouraged them to write their own songs. Jagger and Richards became the primary creative force behind the band, alienating Jones, who had developed a drug addiction that interfered with his ability to contribute meaningfully.

Rooted in blues and early rock and roll, the Rolling Stones started out playing covers and were at the forefront of the British Invasion in 1964, becoming identified with the youthful and rebellious counterculture of the 1960s. They then found greater success with their own material, as "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" (1965), "Get Off of My Cloud" (1965), and "Paint It Black" (1966) became international number-one hits. Aftermath (1966) – their first entirely original album – is considered by The Daily Telegraph to be the most important of their formative records. In 1967, they had the double-sided hit "Ruby Tuesday"/"Let's Spend the Night Together" and experimented with psychedelic rock on Their Satanic Majesties Request. They returned to their rhythm and blues roots with hit songs such as "Jumpin' Jack Flash" (1968) and "Honky Tonk Women" (1969), and albums such as Beggars Banquet (1968), featuring "Sympathy for the Devil", and Let It Bleed (1969), featuring "You Can't Always Get What You Want" and "Gimme Shelter". Let It Bleed was the first of five consecutive number-one albums in the UK. (Full article...)

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Did you know?

...that Lambeth, in the London Borough of Lambeth appeared in the Domesday Book of 1086?
...that Kate Marsden journeyed overland to Siberia to find a leprosy cure.
...that the Old Bailey was destroyed in the 1666 Great Fire of London, only to be rebuilt in 1674?
...that a Jury is only sent to cases of an indictable offence that has been sent to a Crown Court by a magistrates?

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In the news

11 May 2023 – 2021–2023 inflation surge: The Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee raises interest rates to 4.5%, the highest level in the UK since the 2008 financial crisis. (AP)
6 May 2023 – Coronation of Charles III and Camilla: King Charles III and Queen Camilla are crowned in a ceremony at Westminster Abbey in London, United Kingdom. (The Guardian)
1 May 2023 – 2023 World Snooker Championship: Luca Brecel wins his first World Snooker Championship title, defeating Mark Selby by a score of 18–15 in the final at The Crucible in Sheffield, England. Brecel becomes the first player from continental Europe to win the tournament. (BBC Sport)
24 April 2023 – Solar Cycle 25: A geomagnetic storm hits Earth, causing auroras as far south as Alabama and southern England. The storm registers at a G4. (San Francisco Chronicle) (New York Times) (Fox News)

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“

An Englishman, even if he is alone, forms an orderly queue of one.

”

— George Mikes

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Related WikiProjects

England • Bedfordshire • Brighton • Cheshire • Cornwall • Derbyshire • Dorset • Greater Manchester • Hampshire • Lincolnshire • London • Merseyside • Northamptonshire • North East England • Sheffield • Surrey. Warwickshire • West Midlands • Worcestershire • Yorkshire

Topics

Cities and major towns: Blackpool • Birmingham • Bristol • Chelmsford • Leeds • Liverpool • London • Manchester • Newcastle • Nottingham • Oxford • Portsmouth • Sheffield • Southampton • Stoke-on-Trent

Culture: The Football Association • Rugby Football Union • England and Wales Cricket Board • English inventions and discoveries

Geography: Geology • Climate • Mountains and hills • Islands • Rivers

Economy: Bank of England • London Stock Exchange • Chancellor of the Exchequer • Monetary Policy Committee • HM Treasury

History: Timeline of English history • Prehistoric Britain • Roman Britain • Anglo-Saxon England • Norman England • Plantagenet England • House of Lancaster • House of York • House of Tudor • House of Stuart

Governance: Kingdom of England • Prime Minister of the United Kingdom • Parliament of the United Kingdom • Home Secretary • Local Government Boundary Commission for England • Administrative divisions of England • English law

Symbols: Flags • Flag of England • St George's Cross • Tudor rose • Coat of arms of England

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Please visit the English Wikipedians' notice board and help to write new England-related articles, and expand and improve existing ones.
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Requested articles: Charterhouse Lane • Renewable energy in England • Ealing Village
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