Portal:Georgia (country)

Portal: Georgia
Portal: Georgia



საქართველოს გერბი
საქართველოს გერბი

Georgia (Georgian: საქართველო, romanized: sakartvelo, IPA: [sɑkʰɑrtʰvɛlɔ] (listen)) is a transcontinental country at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is part of the Caucasus region, bounded by the Black Sea to the west, Russia to the north and northeast, Turkey to the southwest, Armenia to the south, and by Azerbaijan to the southeast. The country covers an area of 69,700 square kilometres (26,900 sq mi), and has a population of 3.7 million people. Tbilisi is its capital and largest city, home to roughly a third of the Georgian population.

During the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. In the early 4th century, ethnic Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to the spiritual and political unification of the early Georgian states. In the Middle Ages, the unified Kingdom of Georgia emerged and reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom declined and eventually disintegrated under the hegemony of various regional powers, including the Mongols, the Turks, and various dynasties of Persia. In 1783, one of the Georgian kingdoms entered into an alliance with the Russian Empire, which proceeded to annex the territory of modern Georgia in a piecemeal fashion throughout the 19th century.

After the Russian Revolution in 1917, Georgia emerged as an independent republic under German protection. Following World War I, Georgia was invaded and annexed by the Soviet Union in 1922, becoming one of its constituent republics. In the 1980s, an independence movement emerged and grew quickly, leading to Georgia's secession from the Soviet Union in April 1991. For most of the subsequent decade, post-Soviet Georgia suffered from economic crisis, political instability, ethnic conflict, and secessionist wars in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Following the bloodless Rose Revolution in 2003, Georgia strongly pursued a pro-Western foreign policy; it introduced a series of democratic and economic reforms aimed at integration into the European Union and NATO. The country's Western orientation soon led to worsening relations with Russia, which culminated in the Russo-Georgian War of 2008, and entrenched Russian occupation of a portion of Georgia.

Georgia is a representative democracy governed as a unitary parliamentary republic. It is a developing country with a very high Human Development Index. Economic reforms since independence have led to higher levels of economic freedom, as well as reductions in corruption indicators, poverty, and unemployment. It was one of the first countries in the world to legalize cannabis, becoming the only former-socialist state to do so. The country is a member of international organizations, such as the Council of Europe, the OSCE, Eurocontrol, the EBRD, the BSEC, the GUAM, the ADB, the WTO, and the Energy Community. (Full article...)

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Selected article -

A miniature depicting an attack of the Georgian king George IV Lasha on Mongols in 1220. La Flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient by Hayton of Corycus. King George is shown in blue garment on a white horse holding a whip.

Mongol conquests of Kingdom of Georgia, which at that time consisted of Georgia proper, Armenia, and much of the Caucasus, involved multiple invasions and large-scale raids throughout the 13th century. The Mongol Empire first appeared in the Caucasus in 1220 as generals Subutai and Jebe pursued Muhammad II of Khwarezm during the destruction of the Khwarezmian Empire. After a series of raids in which they defeated the combined Georgian and Armenian armies, Subutai and Jebe continued north to invade Kievan Rus'.

A full-scale Mongol conquest of the Caucasus and eastern Anatolia began in 1236, in which the Kingdom of Georgia, the Sultanate of Rum, and the Empire of Trebizond were subjugated, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and other Crusader states voluntarily accepted Mongol vassalage, and the Assassins were eliminated. Mongol rule in the Caucasus lasted until the late 1330s. During that period, King George V the Brilliant restored the kingdom of Georgia for a brief period before it finally disintegrated due to Timur's invasions of Georgia. (Full article...)

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Selected picture -

Khevsureti
Khevsureti
Lebiskari Fortress in Khevsureti
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Did you know...

Meri Shervashidze
Meri Shervashidze
  • ...Erekle II (1720-1798), king of Kartl-Kakheti, married three times and had thirteen sons and 10 daughters...
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Regions (clickable map)

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Good article -

This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.

Darejan Dadiani (Georgian: დარეჯანი), also known as Daria (Georgian: დარია; Russian: Дарья Георгиевна, romanized: Darya Georgyevna) (20 July 1738 – 8 November 1807), was Queen Consort of Kakheti, and later Kartli-Kakheti in Eastern Georgia, as the third wife of King Erekle II (also known as Heraclius II). She was a daughter of Katsia-Giorgi Dadiani, a member of the princely house of Mingrelia. Darajan married Heraclius in 1750 and their marriage lasted 48 years until his death in 1798; the union produced 23 children. In the final years of her husband's reign, Darejan exerted significant influence on politics and court affairs. She was skeptical of the pro-Russian policies of Heraclius II and his successor, her step-son, George XII, whose progeny she tried to prevent from succeeding to the throne of Georgia. After the Russian annexation of Georgia, Queen Dowager Darejan was deported to Russia proper in 1803. She died in St. Petersburg at the age of 69 and was buried at the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. (Full article...)

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General images -

The following are images from various Georgia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Main topics

                    
Geography... 

Geography of Georgia (C)

                    
History... 

History of Georgia (C)

  • General: Histoire de la Géorgie - Chronology of Georgia - Liste des souverains de Géorgie - Liste des reines de Géorgie - Noblesse Géorgienne
  • Periods: Colkhis - Iberia - Royaume de Géorgie - Division du royaume de Géorgie - République démocratique de Géorgie - RSS de Géorgie - Guerre civile
  • Wars: Croisade géorgienne - Mongol Invasion in Georgia - Tamerlan Invasion in Georgia - Guerres perso-géorgiennes - Guerres turco-géorgiennes - Guerre d'indépendance d'Iméréthie - Invasion soviétique en Géorgie
    • Abkhazia and South Ossetia : War of Abkhazia - War of Abkhazia (1998) - Conflit osséto-géorgien (1918-1920) - Première Guerre d'Ossétie du Sud - Deuxième Guerre d'Ossétie du Sud
  • People: Bagrat III - David IV - Tamar - Démétrius II - Héraclius II - Zviad Gamsakhurdia - Eduard Shevardnadze - Mikhail Saakashvili
  • Regional histories: History of Abkhazia - History of Adjara - History of Tbilissi
                    
Culture... 

Culture of Georgia (country) (C)

  • Language : Georgian - Asomtavruli - Mkhedruli - Georgian alphabet - Kartvelian languages - Laz - Megrelian - Svanetian - Abkhaz - Osetian
  • Literature : Amiraniani - მეფე ფარნავაზის ცხოვრება - Life of Saint Nino - მეფე მირიანის ცხოვრება - შუშანიკის წამება - Corpus Areopagiticum - აბო თბილელის წამება - Live of Grigol Khandsteli - Oustsoro Karabadini - Histoire des Rois géorgiens - Histoire de la Maison royale Bagration - Tamariani - შენ ხარ ვენახი - Knight in the Panter's Skin - Abdulmesiani - Kartlis Tskhovreba
  • Film : Cinéma géorgien dans les années 1920 - Berikaoba-Kinoba - Avant l'Ouragan - Avril (film de 1961) - მონანიება - Ashik Keribი - Chef in Love - 13 Tzameti - Dechantori
  • Music and dance: Dayereh - Doli - Duduki - Nagara - Zurna - Acharuli - Kartuli
  • Religion : Mythologie géorgienne - Croyances géorgiennes - Catholicossat-Patriarcat de toute la Géorgie - Eglise orthodoxe de Sainte-Nino - აფხაზეთის ეპარქია - ალანიის ეპარქია - Communauté grecque-catholique géorgienne - იუდაიზმი საქართველოში - ისლამი საქართველოში - რელიგიური ტოლერანტობა საქართველოში
  • Cuisine : Khachapuri - ხინკალი - Mtsvadi - Lobio - Sulguni - თონის პური - Churchkhela - Gozinaki - Goglimogli - Tkemali - Ajika - Khmeli Suneli - Satsivi - Burakhi - Chacha - Georgian wine - Lagidze water - Bordjomi (water) - Nabeglavi - Sairme
                    
Economy... 

Economy of Georgia (C)

                    
Healthcare... 

Healthcare in Georgia (country)

                    
Politics... 

Politics of Georgia (country) (C)

                    
Sports... 

Sport in Georgia (country)

                    
Tourism... 

Tourism in Georgia (country)

                    
People... 

Famous Georgians (C)


Other categories...

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Selected panorama

Tbilisi
Tbilisi
Panoramic view of Tbilisi
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