Queen Jeonghyeon

Queen Jeonghyeon (정현왕후 윤씨) (21 July 1462 – 13 September 1530[1]), of the Papyeong Yun clan,[2] was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and third queen consort of Yi Hyeol, King Seongjong and the mother of Yi Yeok, King Jungjong. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1479 until her husband's death in 1495, after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Jasun (자순왕대비).

Queen Jeonghyeon
정현왕후
貞顯王后
Queen dowager of Joseon
Tenure19 January 1495 – 13 September 1530
Predecessor
SuccessorQueen Dowager Seongryeol
Queen consort of Joseon
Tenure8 November 1480 – 19 January 1495
PredecessorQueen Jeheon
SuccessorQueen Jeinwondeok
Born21 July 1462
Gwan-ah, Sinchang, Chungcheong Province, Kingdom of Joseon
Died13 September 1530 (1530-09-14) (aged 68)
Jeongchim, Dong Palace, Gyeongbok Palace, Kingdom of Joseon
SpouseYi Hyeol, King Seongjong (m.1473–1495)
Issue
Posthumous name
자순화혜소의흠숙정현왕후
HousePapyeong Yun
FatherYun Ho
MotherInternal Princess Consort Yeonan of the Damyang Jeon clan

Life

Yun Chang-nyeon (윤창년, 尹昌年) was born on 21 July 1462 into the Paepyeong Yun clan to Yun Bo and his wife, Lady Jeon of the Damyang Jeon clan as their second child. On her father’s side, one of her 6th cousins (육촌오빠) was Yun Pil-sang (윤필상, 尹弼商), Internal Prince Papyeong (파평부원군, 坡平府院君) (1427 – 1504). Through her father, Royal Consort Hee-bi of the Papyeong Yun clan, a consort of King Chunghye of Goryeo, and Queen Jeonghui, a Queen Consort of King Sejo, are her ascendants.

She was elected deliberately when her father Yun-ho served as a high position in 1473, and was rebuked as a queen in 1479 after the demise of Queen Yun (the mother of Yeongsangun). It is argued that she helped to bring Queen Yun’s demise along with her father Yun Ho and her 6th cousin, Yun Pil-sang. But it is unknown how much Queen Jeonghyeon, who was 17 years old at the time, was involved in the abolition of the now deposed Queen Yun. Since it’s speculated that 18-year-old Queen Jeongsun was also behind it, it could be said that the probability is sufficient.

She gave birth to Grand Prince Jinseong and three princesses; Princess Suksun, and two unnamed princesses who died prematurely. Formerly, Yun was one of Seongjong's concubines, instated in 1473 with Suk-ui rank. But she was then selected as the third queen consort of Seongjong on 8 November 1480.

Seongjong's first wife, Queen Gonghye of the Cheongju Han clan, and Yejong’s first wife, Queen Jangsun of the Cheongju Han clan, were also first cousins thrice removed of Queen Jeonghyeon. Queen Jeonghyeon's great-grandmother, Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan, is the daughter of Han Sang-jil, and a paternal aunt of one of King Sejo's close associates, Han Myeong-hoe; making them first cousins twice removed.

Afterwards, with the resuscitation of Queen Yun, Yeosangun, grew up knowing Queen Jeonghyeon as his birth mother. In 1493, when writing the tombstone of Seongjong and his head, somebody learned of Yun's private affairs and provided the cause of the massacre of the Sarim faction through sudden death. But in 1494, the young king eventually learned of what had happened to his biological mother and attempted to posthumously restore her titles and position.

In 1497, during Yeosangun’s third year of reign, she received the honor of Jasun (慈 順) and Hwahye (和 惠) in 1504 for her posthumous title. In 1506, during a revolt, the leading forces of the anti-government advocated the establishment of Grand Prince Jinseong (later King Jungjong) on the throne and consented.

The Queen consort died on 13 December 1530 at the age of 68 within Gyeongbok Palace’s Dong Palace.

She is buried in Seonreung (Gangnam, Seoul, South Korea) with her husband and his first wife, Queen Gonghye.

Family

Parent

  • Uncle - Yun Oh (윤오, 尹塢)
  • Uncle - Yun Dang (윤당, 尹塘)
  • Father − Yun Ho (1424 – 9 April 1496) (윤호, 尹壕)
  • Uncle - Yun Hae (윤해, 尹垓)
  • Uncle - Yun Tan (윤탄, 尹坦)
  • Uncle - Yun Pa (윤파, 尹坡)
    • 1) Grandfather − Yun Sam-San (1406 – 1457) (윤삼산, 尹三山)
      • 2) Great-Grandfather − Yun Geun (윤곤, 尹坤) (? - 11 March 1422)
        • 3) Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Seung-sun (윤승순, 尹承順) (? - 1392)[3]
          • 4) Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Cheok (윤척, 尹陟) (? - 1384)
            • 5) Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Ahn-suk (윤안숙, 尹安淑)[4][5]
              • 6) Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Bo (윤보, 尹珤) (? - 1329)
                • 7) Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather −Yun Sun (윤순, 尹純)
                  • 8) Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Bok-won (윤복원, 尹復元)
                    • 9) Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather − Yun Sang-gye (윤상계, 尹商季) (? - 1201)
                • 7) Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Yi
              • 6) Great-Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Park
          • 4) Great-Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Yi
        • 3) Great-Great-Grandmother − Lady Yi of the Danyang Yi clan (단양 이씨)
      • 2) Great-Grandmother − Lady Han of the Cheongju Han clan (청주 한씨);[6] Yun Geun’s second wife
    • 1) Grandmother − Lady Lee of the Goseong Lee clan (고성 이씨)
  • Mother − Internal Princess Consort Yeonan of the Damyang Jeon clan (연안부부인 담양 전씨, 延安府夫人 潭陽 田氏) (1421 - 1500)
    • 1) Grandfather − Jeon Jwa-Myeong (전좌명, 田佐命)
    • 1) Grandmother − Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨)

Sibling

  • Older brother − Yun Eun-ro (윤은로, 尹殷老)
  • Younger brother − Yun Tang-ro (윤탕로, 尹湯老) (1466 - 5 June 1508). Wife: Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨) (? - 29 June 1509)[7]
    • Nephew − Yun Jin (윤진, 尹珍) (24 November 1498 - 23 February 1543). Wives: (a) Lady Kim of the Gwangsan Kim clan (광산 김씨, 光山 金氏) (b) Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan (남양 홍씨) (1505 - 1587)
      • Grandniece — Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨
      • Grandnephew − Yun Yoo-geun (윤유곤, 尹裕昆) (3 March 1526 - 21 January 1549). Wife: Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨) (1528 - 18 October 1590)[8]
      • Grandniece − Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨). Husband: Han Gyeong-sang (한경상, 韓景祥)
      • Grandnephew − Yun Yu-hu (윤유후, 尹裕後) (11 January 1541 - 13 August 1606)
    • Niece − Lady of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨). Husband: Yi Chang-in (이창인, 李昌仁) of the Jeonju Yi clan
      • Grandnephew − Yi Suk (이숙, 李淑)
    • Half-nephew − Yun Seok (윤석, 尹錫)
    • Half-nephew − Yun Nan-dong (윤난동, 尹蘭同)
    • Half-niece − Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨). Husband: Kim Won-seok (김원석, 金元錫)

Consort

Children

  • Adoptive son − Yi Yung, King Yeonsan (연산군, 燕山君) (23 November 1476 - 20 November 1506)
  • Daughter − Princess Sunsuk (1478 – 14 July 1488) (순숙공주)[9]
  • Unnamed daughter (1485 - 1486)
  • Son − Yi Yeok, King Jungjong (16 April 1488 – 29 November 1544) (조선 중종)
    • Daughter-in-law - Queen Dangyeong of the Geochang Shin clan (단경왕후 신씨) (7 February 1487 - 27 December 1557) — No issue.
    • Daughter-in-law - Queen Janggyeong of the Paepyeong Yun clan (장경왕후 윤씨) (10 August 1491 - 16 March 1515)
    • Daughter-in-law - Queen Munjeong of the Paepyeong Yun clan (문정왕후 윤씨) (2 December 1501 – 5 May 1565)
      • Granddaughter - Yi Ok-hye (이옥혜, 李玉蕙), Princess Uihye (의혜공주) (1521 – 1564)
      • Granddaughter - Yi Ok-rin (이옥린, 李玉麟), Princess Hyosun (효순공주) (1522 - 1538)[10]
      • Granddaughter - Yi Ok-hyeon (이옥현, 李玉賢), Princess Gyeonghyeon (경현공주) (1530 - 1584)
      • Grandson - Yi Hwan, King Myeongjong (조선 명종) (3 July 1534 - 2 August 1567)
      • Granddaughter - Princess Insun (인순공주) (1542 - 1545)
  • Unnamed daughter (1490 - 1490)

See also

Notes
  1. In lunar calendar, the Queen was born on 25 June 1462 and died on 22 August 1530
  2. "Royal Ladies of Joseon Dynasty". 2 April 2015.
  3. He is an older brother of Queen Jeonghui’s grandfather
  4. Through his brother Yun Gye-jong (윤계종, 尹繼宗) (? - March 1396) and his wife, Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨), his niece became Royal Consort Hee-bi of the Papyeong Yun clan (a consort of King Chunghye of Goryeo)
  5. Was the great-great-grandfather of Queen Jeonghui and eventually became the 5th great-grandfather of Queen Janggyeong and Yun Im, and the 6th great-grandfather of Queen Munjeong and Yun Wonhyeong.
  6. She is the paternal aunt of Han Myeonghoe
  7. Lady Yi is the great-granddaughter of King Sejong
  8. Lady Yi is a great-great-granddaughter of King Taejong and Queen Wongyeong
  9. Died at the age of 9-10
  10. She was also known as Yi Ok-ryeon (이옥련, 李玉蓮)
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