Tilhalit
Tilhalit, also spelled Tell Khalid (Latin: Trialeth) and officially recognized as Asmacık, is a village in the Oğuzeli District, Gaziantep Province, Turkey.[1][2] It was a fortress during the 12th century, contested at times by the Crusaders, Zengids and Ayyubids.
Tilhalit | |
|---|---|
  Tilhalit Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°45′43″N 37°37′46″E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Gaziantep |
| District | Oğuzeli |
| Population (2021) | 224 |
| Time zone | TRT (UTC+3) |
The village is inhabited by Abdals of the Kurular tribe.[3]
History
On 29 November 1114, an earthquake devastated Tell Khalid, along with numerous other places across the region of Aleppo.[4] It was also damaged in the 1138 Aleppo earthquake.[5] In the autumn or winter of 1150, it was captured by the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din from the County of Edessa, a Crusader state, which was entirely conquered by the Zengids and other Muslim powers by July 1151.[6] On 17 May 1183, Saladin, a former emir of Nur ad-Din, turned Ayyubid sultan, captured Tell Bashir as part of his general movement to capture Aleppo, which he besieged four days later, from the Zengids.[7] Saladin's brother, Buri, had already been besieging Tell Khalid, but its town and fortress surrendered without fighting upon Saladin's arrival there.[7] It was thereafter bestowed to Badr ad-Din Dildirim al-Yaruqi, the Turkmen lord of nearby Tell Bashir and ally of Saladin.[7] He continued to hold Tell Bashir well after the death of Saladin, and into the 12th century during the latter's son az-Zahir Ghazi's rule over the Emirate of Aleppo, which included Tell Bashir.[8] By 1218, it was firmly in the possession of az-Zahir Ghazi's son and successor, al-Aziz Muhammad.[9] There is scant information about Tell Khalid in the historical record after the Ayyubid era.
References
- "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- "OĞUZELİ NÜFUSU, GAZİANTEP". www.nufusune.com. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
- Peter Alfred, Andrews; Benninghaus, Rüdiger, eds. (1989). Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey. p. 231.
- Ambraseys 2004, p. 741.
- Ambraseys 2004, p. 744.
- Setton 1969, p. 517.
- Lyons 1982, p. 195.
- Humphreys 1977, p. 82.
- Khoury 1996, p. 56.
Bibliography
- Ambraseys, Nicholas N. (April–June 2004). "The 12th Century Seismic Paroxysm in the Middle East: A Historical Perspective". Annals of Geophysics. Istituto nazionale di geofisica. 47 (2–3): 733–758.
- Chesney, Francis Rawdon (1850). The Expedition for the Survey of the Rivers Euphrates and Tigris. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. p. 419.
- Humphreys, Stephen (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-263-7.
- Khoury, Nuha Samir (1996). Aleppo and its Historian Kamāl al-Dīn ibn al-ʻAdīm: A Historiographical Examination of bughyat al-Ṭalab fī Taʾrīkh Ḥalab. University of Michigan.
- Lyons, M. C.; Jackson, D. E. P. (1982). Saladin: the Politics of the Holy War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31739-9.
- Setton, Kenneth S. (1969) [1955]. Baldwin, Marshall W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades: The First Hundred Years (Second ed.). The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 9780299048341.