Timeline of Brazzaville
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.
19th century
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- 1880 - Teke trading site at Pool Malebo "ceded...to French explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza;" named Ncouna.[1]
- 1884 - Ncouna renamed Brazzaville.[1]
- 1886 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of French Congo founded.[2]
- 1892 - Sacred Heart Cathedral built.
- 1893 - Palais Épiscopal built.(fr)
20th century
- 1901 - Palais du Peuple (Brazzaville) built.
- 1910 - Brazzaville becomes part of colonial French Equatorial Africa.[3]
- 1911 - White residential Poto-Poto neighborhood established.[4]
- 1912 - Town hall built.(fr)
- 1927 - Stade Marchand (stadium) opens.
- 1929 - Urban plan created.(fr)
- 1930 - Activist André Matsoua imprisoned; unrest ensues.[5]
- 1931 - Poste Centrale (post office) built.(fr)
- 1932 - Gare ferroviaire (train station) built.[6]
- 1934 - Congo–Ocean Railway (Pointe-Noire-Brazzaville) begins operating.
- 1940
- Brazzaville becomes capital of government-in-exile of France (Free France) during World War II.[7]
- October: De Gaulle visits city.[5]
- 1943
- 1944
- Brazzaville Zoo opens.
- January: Meeting of government-in-exile of France held in Brazzaville.[5]
- 1945 - Population: 50,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1948 - Victor Schoelcher monument erected.[6]
- 1951 - École des peintres de Poto-Poto founded.[9]
- 1953 - Vog cinema built.(fr)
- 1955 - Palais de Justice (courthouse) built.(fr)
- 1956 - 18 November: Moyen-Congo municipal elections, 1956 held; Fulbert Youlou becomes mayor.[10]
- 1958 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1959 - Makélékélé and Ouenzé arrondissements created.[4]
- 1960 - City becomes capital of independent Republic of the Congo.[11]
- 1961 - Population: 136,200.[12]
- 1962 - Télé Congo (television) begins broadcasting from Brazzaville.
- 1963 - City hall built.(fr)
- 1965
- Stade de la Révolution (stadium) opens.
- July: 1965 All-Africa Games held in Brazzaville.
- 1970
- 1971 - University of Brazzaville and Lycée Français Saint-Exupéry de Brazzaville (school) founded.
- 1975 - Sister/twin city agreement signed with Dresden, Germany.[13]
- 1976 - Development Bank of the Central African States branch in business.[14]
- 1977 - 18 March: Assassination of president Ngouabi.[3]
- 1980
- 5 May: Catholic pope visits city.
- Commune of Brazzaville detaches from the Pool Department.
- Population: 422,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1984 - Population: 596,200.[15]
- 1986 - Nabemba Tower built.[16]
- 1987
- April: 1987 Central African Games held in city.
- Meeting of the Association Internationale des Maires Francophones held in city.
- 1989 - AS Police (football club) formed.
- 1990
- 1994 - Centre culturel français built.[17]
- 1996 - Population: 976,806 (estimate).[8]
- 1997 - City taken by pro-Sassou Nguesso forces during the Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–99).[3]
21st century
- 2001 - December: Trial of former president Lissouba held in city.[3]
- 2002
- 2003 - Hugues Ngouelondélé becomes mayor.[10]
- 2004 - July: 2004 African Championships in Athletics held in city.
- 2005 - Feux de Brazza (music festival) begins.
- 2006 - Mausolée de Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza (memorial) erected.(fr)
- 2009 - 26 August: Airplane crash occurs.
- 2010 - Maya-Maya Airport new terminal opens.
- 2011
- 2012
- 4 March: Brazzaville arms dump blasts.[3]
- 30 November: Airplane crash occurs.
- 2015
- Kintélé Sports Complex, Palais des Sports, and Stade Municipal de Kintélé (stadium) open.[16]
- 4–19 September: 2015 African Games held in Brazzaville.
- 27 September: Political protest.[18]
- October: Political protest; crackdown.[19]
- Port Authority Headquarters building constructed.[16]
- 2016 - April: Post-election unrest.[3][20]
- 2017
- August: Christian Roger Okemba becomes mayor.
- Long-planned project to build a Brazzaville-Kinshasa Bridge reactivated.
See also
- Brazzaville history
- List of mayors of Brazzaville
- Timeline and history of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (city across Congo River from Brazzaville)
References
- Gondola 2005.
- "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Republic of the Congo". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- "Republic of Congo profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- "Les arrondissements". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- David R. Devereux (2005). "Colonial Federations: French Equatorial Africa". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 260–261. ISBN 978-1-135-45670-2.
- "Patrimoines et monuments". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- Muriel E. Chamberlain (2013) [1998]. "Chronology of Decolonisation: the French Empire: French Equatorial Africa". Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 163+. ISBN 978-1-317-89744-6.
- Ziavoula 2006.
- Nora Greani (2012). "Soixante ans de création à l'École de peinture de Poto Poto (Congo-Brazzaville)". Cahiers d'études africaines (in French) (205) – via Revues.org.
- "Tableau synoptique des maires" (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017.
- "Brazzaville en bref". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
- "Coopération". Brazzaville.cg (in French). Commune de Brazzaville, Congo. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- John F. Clark; Samuel Decalo (2012). Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo (4th ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7989-8.
- "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2004. United Nations Statistics Division.
- "Republic of the Congo: Brazzaville". Emporis.com. Hamburg: Emporis GmbH. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- "Présentation du bâtiment". Institutfrancais-congo.com (in French). Brazzaville. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
- Tens of thousands rally against changes to Congo's constitution, Reuters, 27 September 2015
- Four killed in protest over plan to extend Congo Republic president's rule, Reuters, 20 October 2015
- Gunbattles rock Brazzaville in wake of disputed Congo election, Reuters, 4 April 2016
- This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- in English
- Martin, Phyllis 1995, Leisure and Society in Colonial Brazzaville, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Brazzaville, Congo". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
- Charles Didier Gondola (2005). "Brazzaville". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
- Simon Bekker and Goran Therborn, ed. (2011), "Brazzaville", Capital Cities in Africa: Power and Powerlessness, Dakar: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, ISBN 978-2- 8697-8495-6
- in French
- Charles de Chavannes (1935), Note sur la fondation de Brazzaville en 1884 (in French)
- Pierre Sirven (1972). "Les industries de Brazzaville". Cahiers d'Outre-Mer (in French). 25 – via Persee.fr.
- Roland Pourtier [in French] (2000). "Brazzaville dans la guerre: crise urbaine et violences politiques" [Brazzaville in the war: urban crisis and political violence]. Annales de géographie (in French). 109. doi:10.3406/geo.2000.1901 – via Persee.fr.
- Elisabeth Dorier-Apprill (2001). "Un cycle de guerres urbaines à Brazzaville". Les Annales de la recherche urbaine (in French) (91). doi:10.3406/aru.2001.2440 – via Persee.fr.
- Robert Edmond Ziavoula, ed. (2006). Brazzaville, une ville à reconstruire (in French). Paris: Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-4128-8.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Brazzaville.
- "(Brazzaville)". Mukanda: ressources documentaires sur l'Afrique centrale (in French). France: University of Lorraine. (Bibliography)
- "(Brazzaville)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
- Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Europeana)
- Items related to Brazzaville, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
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