Timeline of Jeddah
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Prior to 20th century
    
- 500 BCE - Quda'a settle.
 - 647 CE - Uthman Ibn Affan, turns Jeddah into a port making it the port of Makkah instead of Al Shoaiba port.
 - 703 CE - Jeddah was briefly occupied by pirates from the Kingdom of Axum.
 - 969 CE - Fatimids in power.
 - 1177 - Jeddah becomes part of the Ayyubid Empire.
 - 1254 - City becomes part of the Mamluk Sultanate.
 - 1400 - In the 15th century it became the centre of trade between Egypt and India.[1]
 - 1517 - City besieged by Ottomans.
 - 1525 - Barracks built; city walls rebuilt with six watchtowers and six city gates.
 - 1541 - City besieged by Portuguese.[2]
 - 1804 - Town besieged by Sauds.[3]
 - 1811 - Ottomans in power.[2]
 - 1813 - Battle of Jeddah (1813).
 - 1814 - Population: 15,000 (approximate).[2]
 - 1820 - European cemetery established (approximate date).[2]
 - 1858 - 15 June: "Massacre."[2]
 - 1881 - Nasseef House built.[4]
 
20th century
    
- 1910 - Population: 20,000 (approximate).[1]
 - 1916 - Sharifians in power.[2]
 - 1924 - Capital of Kingdom of Hejaz relocates to Jeddah from Mecca.[2]
 - 1925 - Battle of Jeddah (1925), House of Saud in power.
 - 1927 - Ittihad Football Club formed.
 - 1932 - Khozam Palace built.
 - 1937
- Al Madina (newspaper) begins publication.
 - Al-Ahli Saudi Sports Club formed.
 
 - 1938 - Al-Ahli Jeddah (basketball) club formed.
 - 1946 - Jeddah Chamber of Commerce & Industry established.
 - 1947 - City wall dismantled.[5]
 - 1953 - National Commercial Bank headquartered in Jeddah.
 - 1960 - Okaz newspaper begins publication.[6]
 - 1962 - Population: 147,859.[7]
 - 1967 - King Abdulaziz University established.[8]
 - 1970 - Prince Abdullah al-Faisal Stadium opens.
 - 1971 - Organization of the Islamic Conference headquartered in city.[9]
 - 1972 - International Islamic News Agency headquartered in Jeddah.
 - 1974 - Population: 561,104.[10]
 - 1975
- Islamic Development Bank headquartered in Jeddah.[11]
 - Hajj Research Centre founded at King Abdul Aziz University.
 - Arab News begins publication.[12]
 
 - 1976 - Saudi Gazette begins publication.
 - 1977 - British International School established.
 - 1981 - King Abdulaziz International Airport begins operating.
 - 1983 - Corniche Road constructed.[5]
 - 1984 - Dallah Al-Baraka in business.
 - 1985 - King Fahd's Fountain begins operating.
 - 1987
- Jufali Mosque, King Saud Mosque,[13] and Al-Mahmal Center built.[4]
 - King Abdul Aziz Public Library[14] and Prince Sultan bin Fahd Stadium open.
 - Population: 1,312,000.[5]
 
 - 1988 - Azizeyah Mosque,[4] Binladen Mosque, and Suleiman Mosque built.[13]
 - 1990
- Jeddah Light (lighthouse) constructed.
 - Jeddah Historical Preservation Society organized.[15]
 
 - 1993 - Arab Radio and Television Network established.
 - 1998
- Iqraa TV headquartered in Jeddah.
 - Al-Ittihad Jeddah (basketball) club formed.
 
 - 1999
- Jeddah Economic Forum begins.
 - Saudi Geological Survey headquartered in Jeddah.
 
 
21st century
    
- 2003 - Jeddah United women's basketball team formed.[16]
 - 2005
- Adel Fakeih becomes mayor.
 - Population: 2,800,000 (estimate).[2]
 - Serafi Mega Mall in business.
 
 - 2006
- Jeddah Film Festival begins.[17]
 - Jeddah TV Tower built.
 
 - 2008 - Mall of Arabia and Red Sea Mall in business.
 - 2009 - 25 November: Flood.[18]
 - 2010
 - 2011
- 26 January: Flood.[21]
 - King Road Tower built.
 - Women to drive demonstrations.[22]
 
 - 2012 - Population: 5,112,018.
 - 2014 - Air pollution in Jeddah reaches annual mean of 68 PM2.5 and 161 PM10, much higher than recommended.[23]
 
See also
    
- List of universities and colleges in Jeddah
 - Timelines of other cities in Saudi Arabia: Mecca, Medina, Riyadh
 
References
    
- Britannica 1910.
 - Bosworth 2007.
 - Milburn 1813.
 - Saudi Arabia: Jeddah, ArchNet, archived from the original on March 2012
 - Daghistani 1993.
 - "Spreading the Word: Who's Who in the Arab Media", New York Times, 6 February 2005
 - "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
 - Ayman Shabana (2010), "Saudi Arabia: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
 - Richard Green (2004). "Major Non-UN Organizations". Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.
 - United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
 - M. Kabir Hassan; Mervyn Lewis, eds. (2007). Handbook of Islamic Banking. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84720-541-4.
 - "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
 - Andrea L. Stanton, ed. (2012). Middle East. Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia: an Encyclopedia. Sage. ISBN 9781412981767.
 - "About the Library". King Abdulaziz Public Library. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
 - Nancy Um (2012). "Reflections on the Red Sea Style: Beyond the Surface of Coastal Architecture". Northeast African Studies. 12.
 - "Saudi Women And the Right To Play Sports". New York Times. 20 November 2010.
 - Ali Jaafar (20 July 2009). "Saudi Arabia nixes Jeddah festival". Variety. Los Angeles.
 - Karen Elliott House (2013). On Saudi Arabia. Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-307-47328-8.
 - "Jeddah Municipality". Retrieved 30 January 2013.
 - "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
 - "Floods inundate Saudi city". Al Jazeera.com. 27 January 2011.
 - "Saudi Women Defy Driving Ban". New York Times. 17 June 2011.
 - World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva, archived from the original on 28 March 2014
 
Bibliography
    
- Published in 18th-19th centuries
 
- Carsten Niebuhr (1792). "Of the City of Jidda and its Vicinity". Travels through Arabia. Translated by Robert Heron. Edinburgh: R. Morison and Son. hdl:2027/hvd.hxj9mv – via HathiTrust.
 - William Milburn (1813), "Judda", Oriental Commerce, London: Black, Parry & Co., OCLC 6856418
 - Johann Ludwig Burckhardt (1829). "(Djidda)". Travels in Arabia. London: H. Colburn. hdl:2027/mdp.39015010937236.
 - James Horsburgh (1852). "Red Sea, East Side: Jiddah". India Directory: Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America (6th ed.). London: William H. Allen & Co. – via Google Books.
 - Richard Burton (1857), "To Jeddah", Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to el Medinah and Meccah (2nd ed.), London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, OCLC 5778233
 - Heinrich Freiherrn von Maltzan (1865), "Dschedda", Meine Wallfahrt nach Mekka (in German), Leipzig: Dyk'sche Buchhandlung, OCLC 72240504
 
- Published in 20th century
 
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 414–415.
 - A. Pesce. Jiddah: Portrait of an Arabian City. London, 1974.
 - Madge Pendleton (1984), "Jeddah", Green Book Guide for Living in Saudi Arabia (4th ed.), Washington DC: Middle East Editorial Associates, OL 8342230M
 - Abdal-Majeed Ismail Daghistani (1993), A Case Study in Planning Implementation: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Global Urban Research Unit
 - Tawfiq M. Abu-Ghazzeh (1994). "Built Form and Religion: Underlying Structures of Jeddah Al-Qademah". Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. International Association for the Study of Traditional Environments. 5 – via University of California, Berkeley. 

 - "Jeddah", Arab Gulf States, Lonely Planet, 1993, OL 8314448M
 
- Published in 21st century
 
- Clifford Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Jeddah". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.
 - Gabor Agoston; Bruce Alan Masters (2009). "Jeddah". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File. p. 298. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
 
External links
    
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jeddah.
- "Jeddah History". Jeddah Municipality. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016.
 - Paul Salopek (May 2013). "Walking Jeddah". Out of Eden Walk. USA: Knight Foundation.
 
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