Tipperary South (Dáil constituency)

Tipperary South was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas, from 1948 to 2016. The method of election was proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

For the 1885–1922 constituency, see South Tipperary (UK Parliament constituency).

Tipperary South
Former Dáil constituency
Outline map
Location of Tipperary South within Ireland
Former constituency
Created1948
Abolished2016
Seats
  • 4 (1948–1977)
  • 3 (1977–1981)
  • 4 (1981–1997)
  • 3 (1997–2016)
Local government areas
Created fromTipperary
Replaced byTipperary

History and boundaries

It was in operation from the 1948 general election when the former Tipperary constituency was divided into Tipperary North and Tipperary South. At its abolition, it comprised most of the county of South Tipperary and a small portion of County Waterford to the south of Clonmel. The principal population centres were Tipperary, Clonmel, Cashel, Carrick-on-Suir, and Cahir.

The Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009 defined the constituency as:[1]

The county of South Tipperary, except the part thereof which is comprised in the constituency of Tipperary North;

and, in the former Rural District of Clonmel No. 2 in the county of Waterford, the electoral divisions of:

Kilmacomma, Kilronan;
and the townlands of:
Barravakeen, Bawnard, Boola, Carrickabrone, Coolishal, Derrinlaur Lower, Derrinlaur Upper, Glendaw, Gurteen Lower, Gurteen Upper, Lisheen, Tikincor Lower, Tikincor Upper, in the electoral division of Gurteen;
and the townlands of:
Croan Lower, Croan Upper, Glenary, Glennagad, Kilgainy Lower, Kilgainy Upper, Knocklucas, Knocknagriffin, Lyranearla, Monacalee, Poulboy, Poulnagunoge, Scrothea East, Scrothea West, Spa, in the electoral division of St. Mary's.

It was abolished at the 2016 general election and succeeded by the new Tipperary constituency.

TDs
Teachtaí Dála (TDs) for Tipperary South 1948–2016[2]
Key to parties
DáilElectionDeputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)		Deputy
(Party)
13th1948[3] Michael Davern
(FF)		 Richard Mulcahy
(FG)		 Dan Breen
(FF)		 John Timoney
(CnaP)
14th1951[4] Patrick Crowe
(FG)
15th1954[5]
16th1957[6] Frank Loughman
(FF)
17th1961[7] Patrick Hogan
(FG)		 Seán Treacy[lower-alpha 1]
(Lab)
18th1965[8] Don Davern
(FF)		 Jackie Fahey
(FF)
19th1969[9] Noel Davern
(FF)
20th1973[10] Brendan Griffin
(FG)
21st1977[11] 3 seats
1977–1981
22nd1981[12] Carrie Acheson
(FF)		 Seán McCarthy
(FF)
23rd1982 (Feb)[13] Seán Byrne
(FF)
24th1982 (Nov)[14]
25th1987[15] Noel Davern
(FF)		 Seán Treacy[lower-alpha 2]
(Ind)
26th1989[16] Theresa Ahearn
(FG)		 Michael Ferris
(Lab)
27th1992[17]
28th1997[18] 3 seats
from 1997
2000 by-election[19] Séamus Healy
(Ind)
2001 by-election[20] Tom Hayes
(FG)
29th2002[21]
30th2007[22] Mattie McGrath
(FF)		 Martin Mansergh
(FF)
31st2011[23] Mattie McGrath
(Ind)		 Séamus Healy
(WUA)
32nd2016 Constituency abolished. See Tipperary

Note: The columns in this table are used only for presentational purposes, and no significance should be attached to the order of columns. For details of the order in which seats were won at each election, see the detailed results of that election.

  1. Treacy served as Ceann Comhairle in the 20th Dáil from 1973 to 1977, and was returned automatically at the 1977 election. He lost the Labour party whip in February 1985.
  2. Treacy served as Ceann Comhairle in the 25th, 26th and 27th Dáil from 1987 to 1997, and was returned automatically at the 1989 and 1992 elections.

Elections

2011 general election
2011 general election: Tipperary South[23]
PartyCandidateFPv%Count
12345
Fine Gael Tom Hayes 21.5 8,896 9,214 10,186 10,463  
WUA Séamus Healy[lower-alpha 1] 21.3 8,818 9,542 11,265    
Independent Mattie McGrath 14.7 6,074 6,349 7,078 7,413 9,978
Fianna Fáil Martin Mansergh 13.1 5,419 5,588 5,865 5,948  
Fine Gael Michael Murphy 13.1 5,402 5,563 6,404 6,633 7,948
Labour Phil Prendergast 10.9 4,525 4,966      
Sinn Féin Michael Browne 4.5 1,860        
Green Paul McNally 0.9 367        
Electorate: 57,420   Valid: 41,361   Spoilt: 432 (1.0%)   Quota: 10,341   Turnout: 41,793 (72.8%)  
    1. Healy campaigned as a member of the United Left Alliance.

    2007 general election
    2007 general election: Tipperary South[22]
    PartyCandidateFPv%Count
    12345678
    Fine Gael Tom Hayes 21.1 8,200 8,386 8,823 9,070 10,518      
    Fianna Fáil Mattie McGrath 19.6 7,608 7,711 7,811 7,994 8,463 10,093    
    Fianna Fáil Martin Mansergh 15.8 6,110 6,261 6,406 6,528 6,752 8,813 9,028 9,341
    Independent Séamus Healy 14.7 5,707 5,884 6,036 6,456 7,548 8,591 9,198 9,282
    Fianna Fáil Siobhán Ambrose 11.1 4,286 4,414 4,497 4,649 5,097      
    Labour Phil Prendergast 8.8 3,400 3,631 3,752 3,907        
    Sinn Féin Liam Browne 3.1 1,198 1,266 1,363          
    Independent Tom Wood 2.9 1,141 1,187            
    Green Bernard Lennon 1.5 591              
    Progressive Democrats Richie Molloy 0.9 364              
    Progressive Democrats Peadar O'Donnell 0.5 177              
    Electorate: 54,637   Valid: 38,782   Spoilt: 330 (0.8%)   Quota: 9,696   Turnout: 39,112 (71.6%)  

      2002 general election
      2002 general election: Tipperary South[21]
      PartyCandidateFPv%Count
      123
      Fine Gael Tom Hayes 24.5 8,997 9,133 10,724
      Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 24.2 8,888 9,085 10,029
      Independent Séamus Healy 20.1 7,350 7,765 9,477
      Fianna Fáil Martin Mansergh 14.3 5,233 5,433 5,888
      Labour Denis Landy 9.1 3,353 3,555  
      Independent Tom Wood 4.1 1,515 1,631  
      Sinn Féin Muiris Ó Suilleabháin 3.3 1,210    
      Christian Solidarity Michael Larkin 0.3 120    
      Electorate: 56,092   Valid: 36,666   Spoilt: 390 (1.1%)   Quota: 9,167   Turnout: 37,056 (66.1%)  

        2001 by-election

        Following the death of Fine Gael TD Theresa Ahearn, a by-election was held on 30 June 2001. The seat was won by the Fine Gael candidate Tom Hayes.

        2001 by-election: Tipperary South
        PartyCandidateFPv%Count
        123
        Fine Gael Tom Hayes 35.9 11,446 12,513 15,791
        Fianna Fáil Michael Maguire 26.5 8,461 9,251  
        Independent Phil Prendergast 24.8 7,897 9,376 12,891
        Labour Denis Landy 12.9 4,103    
        Electorate: 54,542   Valid: 31,907   Quota: 15954   Turnout: (58.5%)  

          2000 by-election

          Following the death of Labour Party TD Michael Ferris, a by-election was held on 22 June 2000. The seat was won by the Independent candidate Séamus Healy.

          2000 by-election: Tipperary South
          PartyCandidateFPv%Count
          123
          Independent Séamus Healy 30.8 9,419 11,169 13,982
          Fine Gael Tom Hayes 26.8 8,184 10,718 13,449
          Fianna Fáil Barry O'Brien 22.8 6,959 8,056  
          Labour Ellen Ferris 16.8 5,133    
          Christian Solidarity Mary Heaney 2.6 784    
          Natural Law Raymond McInerney 0.3 97    
          Electorate: 52,740   Valid: 30,576   Quota: 15,289   Turnout: 58.0%  

            1997 general election
            1997 general election: Tipperary South[24]
            PartyCandidateFPv%Count
            12345
            Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 25.5 8,995        
            Fine Gael Theresa Ahearn 24.1 8,494 8,513 9,117    
            Independent Séamus Healy 16.5 5,814 5,833 6,168 7,551 7,614
            Labour Michael Ferris 16.1 5,681 5,693 6,028 7,811 8,049
            Fianna Fáil Michael Maguire 11.8 4,151 4,275 4,920    
            National Party John Harold-Barry 6.0 2,125 2,130      
            Electorate: 51,925   Valid: 35,260   Spoilt: 374 (1.1%)   Quota: 8,816   Turnout: 35,634 (68.6%)  

              1992 general election

              Seán Treacy was Ceann Comhairle at the dissolution of the 26th Dáil and therefore deemed to be returned automatically. The constituency was treated as a three-seater for the purposes of calculating the quota.

              1992 general election: Tipperary South[25]
              PartyCandidateFPv%Count
              12345
              Independent Seán Treacy Automatically Returned N/A        
              Labour Michael Ferris 20.9 8,306 8,466 9,148 9,245 9,727
              Fine Gael Theresa Ahearn 20.4 8,103 8,298 10,065    
              Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 18.8 7,463 7,691 7,842 7,860 10,117
              Independent Séamus Healy 10.1 4,023 4,191 4,270 4,278 4,440
              Fianna Fáil Seán Byrne 9.7 3,851 3,951 4,022 4,033  
              Fianna Fáil Seán McCarthy 9.7 3,849 3,963 4,108 4,121 5,060
              Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 7.2 2,854 2,975      
              Independent Joe O'Gorman 2.6 1,016        
              Sinn Féin Terry Crowe 0.5 205        
              Electorate: 56,800   Valid: 39,670   Spoilt: 533 (1.3%)   Quota: 9,918   Turnout: 40,203 (70.8%)  

                1989 general election

                Seán Treacy was Ceann Comhairle at the dissolution of the 25th Dáil and therefore deemed to be returned automatically. The constituency was treated as a three-seater for the purposes of calculating the quota.

                1989 general election: Tipperary South[16]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Independent Seán Treacy N/A Automatically Returned 1
                Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 9,497 24.3 2
                Fianna Fáil Seán McCarthy 7,360 18.8
                Labour Michael Ferris 7,080 18.1 4
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 5,648 14.4
                Fine Gael Theresa Ahearn 5,462 13.9 3
                Independent Séamus Healy 2,859 7.3
                Progressive Democrats Thomas Lonergan 1,171 3.0
                Independent William Fitzsimon 93 0.2
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 39,170   Quota: 9,793   Turnout:

                1987 general election
                1987 general election: Tipperary South[15]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Fianna Fáil Seán McCarthy 6,877 16.6 3
                Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 5,412 13.0 4
                Fianna Fáil Seán Byrne 5,372 12.9
                Independent Seán Treacy 5,126 12.4 2
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 4,542 10.9 1
                Fine Gael John Crowe 3,938 9.5
                Labour Michael Ferris 3,820 9.2
                Progressive Democrats Anthony Kehoe 2,524 6.1
                Progressive Democrats Thomas Lonergan 1,878 4.5
                Independent Séamus Healy 1,457 3.5
                Workers' Party Seán Hill 407 1.0
                Independent Nicholas Quigley 76 0.2
                Independent Patrick Ryan 72 0.2
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 41,501   Quota: 8,301   Turnout:

                November 1982 general election
                November 1982 general election: Tipperary South[14]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Fianna Fáil Seán Byrne 8,080 20.1 1 1
                Labour Seán Treacy 8,050 20.0 2
                Fianna Fáil Seán McCarthy 6,996 17.4 3
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 6,905 17.1 4
                Fine Gael Michael Fitzgerald 4,407 10.9
                Fianna Fáil Tom Ambrose 3,634 9.0
                Fine Gael Anthony Kehoe 2,215 5.5
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 40,287   Quota: 8,058   Turnout:

                February 1982 general election
                February 1982 general election: Tipperary South[13]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Fianna Fáil Seán Byrne 8,705 22.0 1 1
                Labour Seán Treacy 7,758 19.6 3
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 7,434 18.8 2
                Fianna Fáil Seán McCarthy 5,711 14.4 4
                Fianna Fáil Carrie Acheson 4,751 12.0
                Fine Gael Michael Fitzgerald 3,180 8.0
                Fine Gael Terence Darmody 1,883 4.8
                Independent William Fitzsimon 158 0.4
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 39,580   Quota: 7,917   Turnout:

                1981 general election
                1981 general election: Tipperary South[12]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Labour Seán Treacy 8,989 21.5 1 1
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 6,590 15.8 2
                Fianna Fáil Carrie Acheson 5,838 14.0 4
                Fianna Fáil Seán Byrne 5,737 13.7
                Fianna Fáil Seán McCarthy 5,716 13.7 3
                Independent T. J. Maher 3,728 8.9
                Fine Gael John Crowe 2,596 6.2
                Fine Gael Terence Darmody 1,413 3.4
                Fine Gael Louise Farrell 1,144 2.7
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 41,751   Quota: 8,351   Turnout:

                1977 general election

                Seán Treacy was Ceann Comhairle at the dissolution of the 20th Dáil and therefore deemed to be returned automatically. The constituency was treated as a two-seater for the purposes of calculating the quota.

                1977 general election: Tipperary South[11]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Labour Seán Treacy N/A Automatically Returned 1
                Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 11,715 34.8 2 1
                Fianna Fáil Seán Byrne 6,412 19.1
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 6,298 18.7 3
                Labour Michael Ferris 5,462 16.2
                Fine Gael Hubert Burke 3,400 10.1
                Independent Patrick Leahy 275 0.8
                Independent Paschal Ryan 104 0.3
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 33,666   Quota: 11,223   Turnout:

                1973 general election
                1973 general election: Tipperary South[10]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Labour Seán Treacy 7,611 20.6 1 1
                Fianna Fáil Jackie Fahey 7,317 19.8 3
                Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 6,117 16.6 4
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 5,777 15.6 2
                Fianna Fáil William Ryan 4,793 13.0
                Fine Gael Terence Darmody 2,982 8.1
                Fine Gael Michael Smyth 2,360 6.4
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 36,957   Quota: 7,392   Turnout:

                1969 general election
                1969 general election: Tipperary South[9]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Fianna Fáil Noel Davern 9,357 25.2 1 1
                Fine Gael Patrick Hogan 6,499 17.5 3
                Fianna Fáil Jackie Fahey 6,098 16.5 2
                Labour Seán Treacy 4,955 13.4 4
                Fianna Fáil William Ryan 3,742 10.1
                Fine Gael Brendan Griffin 2,871 7.7
                Fine Gael Peter Powell 1,705 4.6
                Independent Seán Healy 1,073 2.9
                Labour Patrick O'Brien 770 2.1
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 37,070   Quota: 7,415   Turnout:

                1965 general election
                1965 general election: Tipperary South[8]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Fianna Fáil Don Davern 8,540 23.2 1 1
                Labour Seán Treacy 7,005 19.0 2
                Fianna Fáil Jackie Fahey 4,595 12.5 3
                Fine Gael Denis Burke 4,433 12.0
                Fine Gael Patrick Hogan 4,359 11.8 4
                Fianna Fáil William Ryan 4,340 11.8
                Fine Gael Timothy O'Donoghue 3,560 9.7
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 36,832   Quota: 7,367   Turnout:

                1961 general election
                1961 general election: Tipperary South[7]
                Party Candidate 1st Pref  % Seat Count
                Labour Seán Treacy 7,260 19.5 1
                Fianna Fáil Michael Davern 6,070 16.3 2
                Fine Gael Patrick Hogan 5,787 15.5 4
                Fianna Fáil Dan Breen 5,717 15.3 3
                Fine Gael Michael Fitzgerald 3,864 10.4
                Fine Gael Denis Burke 3,465 9.3
                Fianna Fáil Jackie Fahey 2,625 7.0
                Fianna Fáil Frank Loughman 1,689 4.5
                Sinn Féin Pilib Ó Cinneide 834 2.2
                Electorate: ?   Valid: 37,311   Quota: 7,463   Turnout:

                1957 general election
                1957 general election: Tipperary South[6][26]
                PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                12345
                Fianna Fáil Michael Davern 22.4 7,563        
                Fianna Fáil Dan Breen 18.9 6,359 6,428 6,841    
                Fianna Fáil Frank Loughman 13.6 4,579 4,659 4,962 6,257 6,348
                Fine Gael Patrick Crowe 13.2 4,456 4,974 5,027 6,218 6,225
                Fine Gael Richard Mulcahy 13.1 4,407 5,336 5,353 6,556 6,557
                Labour Seán Treacy 12.9 4,352 4,728 4,763    
                Fine Gael John Morrissey 5.9 1,990        
                Electorate: 42,999   Valid: 33,706   Quota: 6,742   Turnout: 78.4%  

                  1954 general election
                  1954 general election: Tipperary South[5][26]
                  PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                  123456
                  Fianna Fáil Dan Breen 23.0 8,291          
                  Fianna Fáil Michael Davern 19.2 6,941 7,663        
                  Fine Gael Patrick Crowe 15.3 5,513 5,595 5,610 5,688 6,464 7,521
                  Fine Gael Richard Mulcahy 13.4 4,828 4,841 4,842 4,931 5,388 7,588
                  Fianna Fáil Michael Lacey 11.0 3,962 4,148 4,539 4,702 5,201 5,516
                  Fine Gael John Morrissey 8.8 3,171 3,182 3,191 3,403 3,883  
                  Labour Patrick Walsh 4.8 1,727 1,762 1,776 2,914    
                  Labour Michael Kilkelly 4.7 1,695 1,711 1,718      
                  Electorate: 43,783   Valid: 36,128   Quota: 7,226   Turnout: 82.5%  

                    1951 general election
                    1951 general election: Tipperary South[26]
                    PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                    123456789
                    Fianna Fáil Dan Breen 18.5 6,842 6,873 6,999 7,078 7,304 7,392      
                    Fianna Fáil Michael Davern 18.5 6,833 6,863 6,936 7,001 7,151 7,225 7,254 8,215  
                    Fine Gael Richard Mulcahy 15.6 5,745 5,791 6,098 6,167 6,971 8,874      
                    Fianna Fáil Frank Loughman 13.6 5,019 5,030 5,055 5,146 5,226 5,336 5,382 5,719 6,113
                    Fine Gael Patrick Crowe 6.5 2,384 2,459 2,710 2,726 3,300 3,652 4,839 6,129 6,265
                    Fine Gael John Morrissey 6.2 2,272 2,286 2,390 2,532 2,780        
                    Labour Patrick Walsh 5.9 2,182 2,209 2,579 3,790 3,929 4,104 4,336    
                    Independent Colm O'Donnell 5.1 1,892 2,236 2,389 2,410          
                    Labour Michael Kilkelly 4.3 1,585 1,594 1,713            
                    Clann na Poblachta John Timoney 4.1 1,506 1,555              
                    Independent George Furlong 1.7 638                
                    Electorate: 44,749   Valid: 36,898   Quota: 7,380   Turnout: 82.46%  

                      1948 general election
                      1948 general election: Tipperary South[26]
                      PartyCandidateFPv%Count
                      1234567891011
                      Fianna Fáil Dan Breen 21.8 7,931                    
                      Fianna Fáil Michael Davern 17.0 6,176 6,602 6,626 6,670 6,894 6,956 6,962 7,534      
                      Fine Gael Richard Mulcahy 14.4 5,225 5,231 5,280 5,327 5,947 7,408          
                      Fianna Fáil Frank Loughman 10.8 3,909 4,035 4,047 4,092 4,120 4,230 4,243 4,434 4,631 4,816 5,431
                      Clann na Talmhan Michael Fitzgerald 9.0 3,257 3,280 3,296 3,305 3,607 3,692 3,749 3,876 3,904 3,998  
                      Clann na Poblachta John Timoney 5.3 1,914 1,929 2,093 2,137 2,250 2,319 2,338 2,730 2,756 4,645 5,996
                      Clann na Poblachta Denis O'Driscoll 4.6 1,674 1,680 2,065 2,125 2,138 2,214 2,241 2,625 2,642    
                      Fine Gael Patrick Crowe 4.5 1,626 1,660 1,667 1,671              
                      Fine Gael John Morrissey 4.4 1,587 1,595 1,616 1,695 2,003            
                      Labour Denis O'Sullivan 4.1 1,487 1,500 1,533 2,024 2,057 2,125 2,145        
                      Labour Richard Stapleton 2.3 821 826 834                
                      Clann na Poblachta John Murray 2.0 722 725                  
                      Electorate: 45,797   Valid: 36,329   Quota: 7,266   Turnout: 79.33%  

                        See also

                        References
                        1. Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009, Schedule (No. 4 of 2009, Schedule). Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 29 September 2010.
                        2. Walker, Brian M, ed. (1992). Parliamentary election results in Ireland, 1918–92. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN 0-901714-96-8. ISSN 0332-0286.
                        3. "General election 1948: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        4. "General election 1951: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        5. "General election 1954: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        6. "General election 1957: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        7. "General election 1961: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        8. "General election 1965: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        9. "General election 1969: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        10. "General election 1973: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        11. "General election 1977: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        12. "General election 1981: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        13. "General election February 1982: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        14. "General election November 1982: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        15. "General election 1987: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        16. "General election 1989: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
                        17. "General election 1992: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
                        18. "General election 1997: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
                        19. "By-election 2000: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
                        20. "By-election 2001: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
                        21. "General election 2002: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
                        22. "General election 2007: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
                        23. "General election 2011: Tipperary South". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
                        24. Government of Ireland (1998). 28th Dáil General Election June, 1997 Election Results and Transfer of Votes. Stationery Office, Government of Ireland.
                        25. Government of Ireland (1993). Dáil General Election November, 1992 Election Results and Transfer of Votes in the General Election for the Twenty-Seventh Dáil. Stationery Office, Government of Ireland.
                        26. Gallagher, Michael (2009). Irish Elections 1948–77: Results and Analysis Sources for the Study of Irish Politics 2. Routledge. ISBN 9781138973343.

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