Transport in Djibouti

Transport in Djibouti is facilitated through a relatively young system of roads, railways and ports. In recent years, new national highways have been built, with the addition of highways which have improved trade and logistics where the extensive development of the transportation network has followed suit in support of various economic developments within the country.

Railways
Main article: Rail transport in Djibouti
The Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway, near Dasbiyo.

The country's first railway, Ethio-Djibouti Railway, was a metre gauge railway that connected Ethiopia to Djibouti. It was built between 1894 and 1917 by the French who ruled the country at the time as French Somaliland. The railway is no longer operational.

Currently (2018), Djibouti has 93 km of railways. The new Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, an electrified standard gauge railway built by two Chinese government firms, began regular operations in January 2018. Its main purpose is to facilitate freight services between the Ethiopian hinterland and the Djiboutian Port of Doraleh. Railway services are provided by the Ethio-Djibouti Standard Gauge Rail Transport Share Company, a bi-national company between Ethiopia and Djibouti, which operates all commuter and freight railway services in the country. Djibouti has a total of four railway stations, of which three (Nagad, Holhol and Ali Sabieh) can handle passenger traffic.

Roads
Map of Djibouti Highways and Railway System.

The Djiboutian highway system is named according to the road classification. One routes in the Trans-African Highway network originate in Djibouti City. Djibouti also has multiple highway links with Ethiopia. Roads that are considered primary roads are those that are fully asphalted (throughout their entire length) and in general they connect all the major towns in Djibouti. There is a total of 3,065 kilometres (1,905 mi) of roads, with 1,379 kilometres (857 mi) paved and 1,686 kilometres (1,048 mi) unpaved, according to a 2000 estimate.

Primary Highways of Djibouti
TitleStart pointIntermediate pointEnd pointRoad type
RN-1Djibouti CityDikhilGalafi
(border with Ethiopia)		Asphalt
RN-2Djibouti Cityn/aLoyada
(border with Somalia)		Asphalt
RN-6DikhilAs EylaKouta BouyyaGravel
RN-8Junction with RN-1Ali SabiehGuelile
(border with Ethiopia)		Asphalt
RN-9Junction with RN-1SagalloTadjouraAsphalt
RN-11TadjouraRandaBalho
(border with Ethiopia)		Asphalt
RN-14Tadjouran/aObockAsphalt
RN-15ObockKhôr ʽAngarMoulhouleGravel

Air transport
An Air Djibouti aircraft at the Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport (2016).

Airlines

The national flag carrier is Air Djibouti. In total, there are other airlines, all operating out of Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport:[1]

Airports
Main article: List of airports in Djibouti

The aviation industry is regulated by the Civil Aviation Authority of Djibouti, a statutory board of the Djibouti government under the Ministry of Infrastructure & Transport.

Airport and airbase technical data
AirportICAOIATAUsageRunwayLength
(ft)		Length
(m)		Remarks
Djibouti–Ambouli International AirportHDAMJIBCivilian/MilitaryPaved103353150
Chabelley AirportHDCHnoneMilitaryPaved85302600

Maritime transport
An Ethiopian cargo ship docked at the Port of Djibouti.

Ports and harbours

The Port of Djibouti,[2] run by the Djibouti Ports & Free Zones Authority and Port of Doraleh,[3] is a key transhipment hub for the East African region. It is fully connected to the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway, with 5 trains a day now stopping at the port and has a throughput capacity of 1.6 million TEU with 95% of Ethiopia’s imports and exports move through Djiboutian ports. Djibouti is on one of the world's busiest shipping lanes, between the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean and is a gateway to the Suez Canal. Djibouti currently (2020) has three other major ports for the import and export of bulk goods and livestock, the Port of Tadjourah (potash), the Damerjog Port (livestock) and the Port of Goubet (salt).

Passenger transport

There are also daily scheduled ferry services from Djibouti City via Port de Peche to Tadjoura, Obock also some other destinations in Yemen, Somalia and Eritrea.

References
  1. Air Djibouti entry at airlineupdate.com Archived 2012-07-17 at archive.today
  2. "Djibouti ramps up efforts to get seafarers stranded by coronavirus off ships | Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide". www.hellenicshippingnews.com. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
  3. "Ethiopia, Djibouti inaugurate Doraleh-Multipurpose Port livestock terminal". Horn Diplomat. 2021-01-17. Retrieved 2021-09-30.

Bibliography
  • Michelon 745 Africa North East, Arabia 2007
  • GeoCenter Africa North East 1999
  • Maplanida.com
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