Extended periodic table

Scientists are trying to make new chemical elements that do not exist yet. In this way, they will extend (make longer) the periodic table. As of 2022, the element with the highest atomic number is oganesson, element 118. Scientists have tried to make atoms with higher atomic numbers, by smashing smaller atoms together. Scientists have also made predictions about how to make these atoms. There is probably a biggest possible atomic number for any atom. Atoms with a higher atomic number than this cannot exist. However, scientists are not sure what this number is.

Layout

The extended periodic table is a version of the periodic table that is longer than the normal one. The inner transition metals are placed between Group 2 and Group 3 on the periodic table. On a normal periodic table the inner transition metals are below Groups 2 and 3.

**Extended Periodic Table**
(Superheavy elements may not follow the order of this table)
1	1 H																																																					2 He
2	3 Li	4 Be																																															5 B	6 C	7 N	8 O	9 F	10 Ne
5	11 Na	12 Mg																																															13 Al	14 Si	15 P	16 S	17 Cl	18 Ar
4	19 K	20 Ca																																					21 Sc	22 Ti	23 V	24 Cr	25 Mn	26 Fe	27 Co	28 Ni	29 Cu	30 Zn	31 Ga	32 Ge	33 As	34 Se	35 Br	36 Kr
5	37 Rb	38 Sr																																					39 Y	40 Zr	41 Nb	42 Mo	43 Tc	44 Ru	45 Rh	46 Pd	47 Ag	48 Cd	49 In	50 Sn	51 Sb	52 Te	53 I	54 Xe
6	55 Cs	56 Ba																							57 La	58 Ce	59 Pr	60 Nd	61 Pm	62 Sm	63 Eu	64 Gd	65 Tb	66 Dy	67 Ho	68 Er	69 Tm	70 Yb	71 Lu	72 Hf	73 Ta	74 W	75 Re	76 Os	77 Ir	78 Pt	79 Au	80 Hg	81 Tl	82 Pb	83 Bi	84 Po	85 At	86 Rn
7	87 Fr	88 Ra																							89 Ac	90 Th	91 Pa	92 U	93 Np	94 Pu	95 Am	96 Cm	97 Bk	98 Cf	99 Es	100 Fm	101 Md	102 No	103 Lr	104 Rf	105 Db	106 Sg	107 Bh	108 Hs	109 Mt	110 Ds	111 Rg	112 Cn	113 Nh	114 Fl	115 Mc	116 Lv	117 Ts	118 Og
8	119 Uue	120 Ubn	121 Ubu	122 Ubb	123 Ubt	124 Ubq	125 Ubp	126 Ubh	127 Ubs	128 Ubo	129 Ube	130 Utn	131 Utu	132 Utb	133 Utt	134 Utq	135 Utp	136 Uth	137 Uts	138 Uto	139 Ute	140 Uqn	141 Uqu	142 Uqb	143 Uqt	144 Uqq	145 Uqp	146 Uqh	147 Uqs	148 Uqo	149 Uqe	150 Upn	151 Upu	152 Upb	153 Upt	154 Upq	155 Upp	156 Uph	157 Ups	158 Upo	159 Upe	160 Uhn	161 Uhu	162 Uhb	163 Uht	164 Uhq	165 Uhp	166 Uhh	167 Uhs	168 Uho	169 Uhe	170 Usn	171 Usu	172 Usb
9	173 Ust	174 Usq
10	222 Bbb

Naming of elements

Each of these predicted elements can be given a name. These names are based on the digits of the atomic number. They were set by IUPAC, and come from Latin and Greek.

0: nil (n)
1: un (u)
2: bi (b)
3: tri (t)
4: quad (q)
5: pent (p)
6: hex (h)
7: sept (s)
8: oct (o)
9: enn/en (e)

The chemical name and symbol come from these put together, followed by "ium" or "um". For example, element 138 is called untrioctium and has symbol Uto.

An element can also be named by "eka-" followed by the element above it in the periodic table. For example, ununennium can also be called eka-francium.

Predictions

Pekka Pykkö has predicted how atomic orbitals will fill up as atomic number increases. According to this model, element 172 should be the end of the row that starts with element 119.[1]

Related pages

References

Pyykkö, Pekka (2011). "A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions". Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 (1): 161–168. doi:10.1039/C0CP01575J. ISSN 1463-9076. PMID 20967377.

Other websites

Images of g-orbitals Archived 2021-02-11 at the Wayback Machine
jeries.rihani.com Extended periodic table
Eric Scerri, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Oxford University Press, 2007.

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[1] Pyykkö, Pekka (2011). "A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions". Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 (1): 161–168. doi:10.1039/C0CP01575J. ISSN 1463-9076. PMID 20967377.