1923 Ontario general election
The 1923 Ontario general election was the 16th general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on June 25, 1923, to elect the 111 Members of the 16th Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs").[1]
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111 seats in the 16th Legislative Assembly of Ontario 56 seats were needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Ontario Conservative Party, led by George Howard Ferguson, was elected to power with a majority in the Legislature (although taking less than half the votes cast).
This election ended the rule of the United Farmers of Ontario-Labour coalition government of Ernest C. Drury.
Campaign
| Candidates nominated | Ridings | Party | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | Pro | Ind-Lib | Totals | ||
| Acclamation | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||
| 2 | 50 | 43 | 34 | 19 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 100 | |
| 3 | 49 | 48 | 34 | 48 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 147 |
| 4 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 32 | |
| 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | |||
| 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | |||
| Total | 111 | 103 | 71 | 78 | 23 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 292 |
Voter turnout
The election saw a voter turnout of just 54.7%, the lowest voter turnout in Ontario history until the 2007 election.[2]
The low election turn-out was in part caused by the worst wind, rain and lightning storm in years inundating the western part of the province.[3] The electrical storm and hurricane began shortly after the polls closed, resulting in massive disruption of telegraph and telephone communications, which hampered the reporting of results.[4]
Results
The 1923 election was plagued by low turn-out, and all the parties took fewer voters than they had in 1919.
The UFO actually took a larger proportion of the vote than it had in 1919 but took just a fraction of the seats it had taken in 1919 due to much of the anti-UFO vote concentrating behind Conservative Party candidates. The UFO had held power by virtue of a coalition with Labour and three other MLAs. Together they had received 34 percent of the votes cast in 1919. The Conservatives after the 1923 election took majority government based on taking 34 percent of the vote by that one party alone.
The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Wellington Hay, lost close to half its caucus in the Conservative landslide. Labour (the Independent Labour Party) too lost most of its MLAs in this turn-around election.
The Conservative party was the most popular, taking 34 percent of the vote. Its candidate was the leading one in a large proportion of the districts, giving it a large majority of seats in the legislature (more than its due proportionally) under the First past the post system in use at the time.
In the election, the UFO again did not run candidates where a Labour candidate was running - and also not in 20 other districts as well. The UFO received the third-most number of votes overall but only ran in about two-thirds of the districts so its vote count likely does not measure its actual support. Together Labour and the UFO ran in 93 seats so the two did not cover all the districts in the province.
The UFO did not receive as many votes as it had in 1919 but still got fairly good numbers considering it did not run candidates in a third of the districts. As the 1923 election was plagued by low turn-out, the UFO received a higher percentage of votes cast than it had received in 1919.
Prior to the election, the UFO government had introduced bills to re-distribute the ridings,[5] and to introduce proportional representation[6] and the single transferable vote,[7] but withdrew them after vehement opposition from the Conservative MLAs,[8] and it was found that even some government members were ambivalent.[9]
Under First past the post, the UFO received about a third of the seats that it was due proportionally overall. Looking at the 71 districts where the UFO ran candidates, it received about half the votes there so was due 35 of those seats but received only eight. In many districts, Conservative candidates took rural seats away from incumbent UFO MLAs by taking just a few hundred more votes than them in each district. In Prince Edward, Conservative candidate Horace Stanley Colliver took just 17 more votes than his closest contender to win the seat.[10][11]
Ferguson was the only party leader to hold his seat in the election. Drury, Hay and Rollo all lost their seats to their Conservative opponents.
| Political party | Party leader | MPPs | Votes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1919 | Dissol. | 1923 | ± | # | % | ± (pp) | |||
| Conservative | Howard Ferguson | 103 | 25 | 24 | 75 | 50 |
473,819 | 49.77% | 15.68 | |
| United Farmers | E.C. Drury | 71 | 44 | 44 | 17 | 27 |
199,393 | 20.94% | 0.03 | |
| Liberal | Wellington Hay | 78 | 27 | 27 | 14 | 13 |
203,079 | 21.33% | 4.18 | |
| Labour | Walter Rollo | 23 | 11 | 11 | 4 | 7 |
45,213 | 4.75% | 4.34 | |
| Independent | 12 | – | – | 1 | 1 |
15,426 | 1.62% | 2.45 | ||
| Independent Liberal | 2 | 1 | 1 | – | 1 |
5,041 | 0.53% | 0.08 | ||
| Progressive | 3 | – | – | – | – | 10,122 | 1.06% | New | ||
| Farmer–Labour | – | 1 | 1 | – | 1 |
Did not campaign | ||||
| Farmer-Liberal | – | 1 | 1 | – | 1 |
Did not campaign | ||||
| Soldier | – | 1 | 1 | – | 1 |
Did not campaign | ||||
| Vacant | 1 | |||||||||
| Total | 292 | 111 | 111 | 111 | 952,093 | 100.00% | ||||
| Blank and invalid ballots | 13,600 | |||||||||
| Registered voters / turnout | 1,655,312 | 58.34% | 27.19 | |||||||
Synopsis of results
| Riding | Region | Winning party | Turnout [a 2] |
Votes | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1919 → 1923 | Votes | Share | Margin # |
Margin % |
Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | I-Lib | Prog | Total | ||||
| Addington | EAS | Con | 3,110 | 70.83% | 1,829 | 41.65% | 61.33% | 3,110 | – | 1,281 | – | – | – | – | 4,391 | |
| Algoma | NOR | Lib | 2,365 | 36.06% | 14 | 0.21% | 67.57% | 2,351 | 1,842 | 2,365 | – | – | – | – | 6,558 | |
| Brant North | MWO | UFO | 3,617 | 50.36% | 52 | 0.72% | 61.19% | 3,565 | 3,617 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,182 | |
| Brant South | MWO | Lab | 5,678 | 53.26% | 695 | 6.52% | 59.09% | – | – | 4,983 | 5,678 | – | – | – | 10,661 | |
| Brockville | EAS | → | Con | 4,182 | 59.12% | 1,290 | 18.24% | 62.26% | 4,182 | – | 2,892 | – | – | – | – | 7,074 |
| Bruce North | MWO | UFO | 2,557 | 39.97% | 311 | 4.86% | 75.68% | 2,246 | 2,557 | 1,595 | – | – | – | – | 6,398 | |
| Bruce South | MWO | → | UFO | 1,942 | 35.83% | 49 | 0.90% | 67.10% | 1,893 | 1,942 | 1,585 | – | – | – | – | 5,420 |
| Bruce West | MWO | Lib | 2,582 | 38.73% | 38 | 0.57% | 68.07% | 1,541 | 2,544 | 2,582 | – | – | – | – | 6,667 | |
| Carleton | EAS | → | Con | 4,813 | 61.22% | 1,764 | 22.44% | 64.13% | 4,813 | 3,049 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,862 |
| Cochrane | NOR | Lib | 3,138 | 39.54% | 627 | 7.90% | 42.39% | 2,172 | – | 3,138 | 2,511 | 116 | – | – | 7,937 | |
| Dufferin | MWO | → | Con | 3,898 | 51.47% | 223 | 2.94% | 72.03% | 3,898 | 3,675 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,573 |
| Dundas | EAS | → | Con | 3,773 | 54.07% | 568 | 8.14% | 65.52% | 3,773 | 3,205 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,978 |
| Durham East | CEN | → | Con | 3,040 | 60.25% | 1,034 | 20.49% | 63.35% | 3,040 | 2,006 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,046 |
| Durham West | CEN | Lib | 2,295 | 42.31% | 181 | 3.34% | 67.51% | 2,114 | 1,015 | 2,295 | – | – | – | – | 5,424 | |
| Elgin East | SWO | → | Con | 2,968 | 44.34% | 1,050 | 15.69% | 61.37% | 2,968 | 1,807 | 1,918 | – | – | – | – | 6,693 |
| Elgin West | SWO | → | Con | 5,289 | 50.07% | 1,709 | 14.68% | 58.24% | 5,289 | 2,773 | 3,580 | – | – | – | – | 11,642 |
| Essex North | SWO | → | Lib | 4,282 | 62.15% | 1,674 | 24.30% | 49.08% | – | 2,608 | 4,282 | – | – | – | – | 6,890 |
| Essex South | SWO | → | Con | 2,652 | 35.43% | 60 | 0.80% | 57.08% | 2,652 | 2,592 | 2,241 | – | – | – | – | 7,485 |
| Fort William | NOR | → | Con | 2,866 | 39.94% | 208 | 2.90% | 57.97% | 2,866 | – | 1,152 | 2,658 | – | 500 | – | 7,176 |
| Frontenac | EAS | Con | 3,529 | 57.56% | 927 | 15.12% | 70.59% | 3,529 | 2,602 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,131 | |
| Glengarry | EAS | → | Lib | 3,313 | 54.53% | 550 | 9.05% | 54.27% | – | 2,763 | 3,313 | – | – | – | – | 6,076 |
| Grenville | EAS | Con | 4,374 | 66.56% | 2,176 | 33.11% | 60.17% | 4,374 | 2,198 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,572 | |
| Grey Centre | MWO | UFO | 3,636 | 50.52% | 75 | 1.04% | 65.32% | 3,561 | 3,636 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,197 | |
| Grey North[a 3] | MWO | → | UFO | 3,873 | 40.50% | 60 | 0.63% | 68.46% | 3,813 | 3,873 | 1,877 | – | – | – | – | 9,563 |
| Grey South | MWO | → | Con | 4,553 | 51.77% | 312 | 3.55% | 65.93% | 4,553 | 4,241 | – | – | – | – | – | 8,794 |
| Haldimand | MWO | → | Con | 4,297 | 47.56% | 644 | 7.13% | 65.96% | 4,297 | 3,653 | 1,085 | – | – | – | – | 9,035 |
| Halton | HAM | → | Con | 5,186 | 45.43% | 716 | 6.27% | 68.60% | 5,186 | 4,470 | 1,760 | – | – | – | – | 11,416 |
| Hamilton East | HAM | → | Con | 11,064 | 55.07% | 5,932 | 29.53% | 41.12% | 11,064 | – | 5,132 | 3,894 | – | – | – | 20,090 |
| Hamilton West | HAM | → | Con | 5,784 | 52.42% | 2,731 | 24.75% | 46.80% | 5,784 | – | 3,053 | 2,198 | – | – | – | 11,035 |
| Hastings East | EAS | → | Con | 3,741 | 62.40% | 1,487 | 24.80% | 64.10% | 3,741 | 2,254 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,995 |
| Hastings North | EAS | Con | 4,356 | 71.77% | 2,643 | 43.55% | 58.15% | 4,356 | 1,713 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,069 | |
| Hastings West | EAS | Con | 4,846 | 60.05% | 1,622 | 20.10% | 51.08% | 4,846 | – | 3,224 | – | – | – | – | 8,070 | |
| Huron Centre | MWO | → | Con | 3,133 | 41.58% | 724 | 9.61% | 66.47% | 3,133 | 1,992 | – | 2,409 | – | – | – | 7,534 |
| Huron North | MWO | Con | 2,896 | 44.44% | 398 | 6.11% | 68.11% | 2,896 | 2,498 | 1,122 | – | – | – | – | 6,516 | |
| Huron South | MWO | → | Con | 2,800 | 40.11% | 437 | 6.26% | 69.29% | 2,800 | 2,363 | 1,818 | – | – | – | – | 6,981 |
| Kenora[a 4] | NOR | Con | acclaimed | |||||||||||||
| Kent East | SWO | UFO | 4,024 | 54.75% | 698 | 9.50% | 57.65% | 3,326 | 4,024 | – | – | – | – | – | 7,350 | |
| Kent West | SWO | Lib | 6,153 | 59.80% | 2,017 | 19.60% | 47.73% | – | 4,136 | 6,153 | – | – | – | – | 10,289 | |
| Kingston[a 4] | EAS | Con | acclaimed | |||||||||||||
| Lambton East | SWO | UFO | 3,224 | 44.28% | 458 | 6.29% | 66.68% | 2,766 | 3,224 | 1,291 | – | – | – | – | 7,281 | |
| Lambton West | SWO | → | Con | 6,022 | 45.96% | 2,119 | 16.17% | 60.18% | 6,022 | 3,903 | 3,179 | – | – | – | – | 13,104 |
| Lanark North | EAS | → | Con | 3,339 | 54.32% | 531 | 8.64% | 65.14% | 3,339 | 2,808 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,147 |
| Lanark South | EAS | → | Con | 3,874 | 57.27% | 983 | 14.53% | 59.71% | 3,874 | 2,891 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,765 |
| Leeds | EAS | Con | 3,779 | 57.34% | 968 | 14.69% | 60.65% | 3,779 | 2,811 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,590 | |
| Lennox | EAS | → | Lib | 2,767 | 51.22% | 132 | 2.44% | 69.44% | 2,635 | – | 2,767 | – | – | – | – | 5,402 |
| Lincoln | HAM | → | UFO | 2,360 | 35.05% | 43 | 0.64% | 58.34% | 2,057 | 2,360 | 2,317 | – | – | – | – | 6,734 |
| London | SWO | → | Con | 9,865 | 64.85% | 7,611 | 50.03% | 46.16% | 9,865 | – | 1,851 | 2,254 | 1,243 | – | – | 15,213 |
| Manitoulin | NOR | UFO | 2,407 | 57.64% | 638 | 15.28% | 66.69% | 1,769 | 2,407 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,176 | |
| Middlesex East | SWO | UFO | 3,568 | 47.76% | 377 | 5.05% | 34.24% | 3,191 | 3,568 | 711 | – | – | – | – | 7,470 | |
| Middlesex North | SWO | → | Con | 3,319 | 52.52% | 318 | 5.03% | 67.10% | 3,319 | 3,001 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,320 |
| Middlesex West | SWO | UFO | 2,642 | 52.03% | 206 | 4.06% | 66.37% | – | 2,642 | 2,436 | – | – | – | – | 5,078 | |
| Muskoka | CEN | Con | 4,186 | 64.45% | 1,877 | 28.90% | — | 4,186 | – | 2,309 | – | – | – | – | 6,495 | |
| Niagara Falls | HAM | → | Con | 4,922 | 51.97% | 2,518 | 26.59% | 47.04% | 4,922 | – | 2,145 | 2,404 | – | – | – | 9,471 |
| Nipissing | NOR | → | Con | 3,238 | 48.83% | 268 | 4.04% | 52.46% | 3,238 | – | 2,970 | 423 | – | – | – | 6,631 |
| Norfolk North | MWO | UFO | 3,068 | 51.87% | 221 | 3.74% | 61.16% | 2,847 | 3,068 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,915 | |
| Norfolk South | MWO | → | Con | 3,070 | 55.84% | 642 | 11.68% | 73.34% | 3,070 | 2,428 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,498 |
| Northumberland East | CEN | → | Con | 4,434 | 52.09% | 356 | 4.18% | 71.02% | 4,434 | 4,078 | – | – | – | – | – | 8,512 |
| Northumberland West | CEN | Lib | 2,810 | 51.44% | 157 | 2.87% | 69.94% | 2,653 | – | 2,810 | – | – | – | – | 5,463 | |
| Ontario North | CEN | UFO | 3,330 | 50.61% | 80 | 1.22% | 68.75% | 3,250 | 3,330 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,580 | |
| Ontario South | CEN | Lib | 4,212 | 39.72% | 197 | 1.86% | 58.35% | 4,015 | 2,376 | 4,212 | – | – | – | – | 10,603 | |
| Ottawa East | OTT | Lib | 4,635 | 59.35% | 1,460 | 18.69% | 36.23% | – | – | 7,810 | – | – | – | – | 7,810 | |
| Ottawa West | OTT | → | Lib | 7,362 | 40.15% | 892 | 4.87% | 41.55% | 7,624 | – | 7,362 | 2,086 | 1,263 | – | – | 18,335 |
| Oxford North | MWO | → | UFO | 4,019 | 40.29% | 826 | 8.28% | 64.65% | 3,193 | 4,019 | 2,762 | – | – | – | – | 9,974 |
| Oxford South | MWO | → | Con | 3,889 | 39.20% | 755 | 7.61% | 69.74% | 3,889 | 3,134 | 2,898 | – | – | – | – | 9,921 |
| Parkdale | TOR | Con | 6,050 | 79.76% | 4,515 | 59.53% | 30.68% | 6,050 | – | 1,535 | – | – | – | – | 7,585 | |
| Parry Sound | NOR | → | Con | 4,876 | 56.10% | 2,579 | 29.67% | 61.07% | 4,876 | 1,519 | 2,297 | – | – | – | – | 8,692 |
| Peel | CEN | Con | 6,087 | 56.34% | 1,369 | 12.67% | — | 6,087 | 4,718 | – | – | – | – | – | 10,805 | |
| Perth North | MWO | → | Con | 6,289 | 51.68% | 410 | 3.37% | 59.60% | 6,289 | – | 5,879 | – | – | – | – | 12,168 |
| Perth South | MWO | → | Con | 3,454 | 50.34% | 46 | 0.67% | 63.51% | 3,454 | 3,408 | – | – | – | – | – | 6,862 |
| Peterborough East | CEN | → | Con | 2,550 | 52.35% | 229 | 4.70% | — | 2,550 | 2,321 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,871 |
| Peterborough West | CEN | → | Con | 4,278 | 44.37% | 904 | 9.38% | 57.87% | 4,278 | – | 3,374 | 1,990 | – | – | – | 9,642 |
| Port Arthur | NOR | Con | 2,331 | 40.27% | 727 | 12.56% | 58.19% | 2,331 | 1,346 | 1,604 | – | 508 | – | – | 5,789 | |
| Prescott | EAS | → | Ind | 3,608 | 52.87% | 740 | 10.84% | 58.92% | – | – | 2,868 | 348 | 3,608 | – | – | 6,824 |
| Prince Edward | EAS | → | Con | 4,039 | 50.12% | 19 | 0.24% | 71.12% | 4,039 | – | 4,020 | – | – | – | – | 8,059 |
| Rainy River | NOR | → | Lab | 1,738 | 42.72% | 148 | 3.64% | 65.94% | 1,590 | – | 740 | 1,738 | – | – | – | 4,068 |
| Renfrew North | EAS | → | Con | 4,235 | 50.65% | 108 | 1.29% | 63.48% | 4,235 | 4,127 | – | – | – | – | – | 8,362 |
| Renfrew South | EAS | UFO | 3,653 | 37.41% | 585 | 5.99% | 67.45% | 3,044 | 3,653 | 3,068 | – | – | – | – | 9,765 | |
| Riverdale | TOR | → | Con | 11,074 | 79.05% | 9,309 | 66.45% | 35.56% | 11,074 | – | 1,765 | 1,169 | – | – | – | 14,008 |
| Russell | EAS | Lib | 4,648 | 72.94% | 2,924 | 45.89% | 35.35% | – | 1,724 | 4,648 | – | – | – | – | 6,372 | |
| St. Catharines | HAM | → | Con | 5,364 | 55.81% | 2,490 | 25.91% | 49.90% | 5,364 | – | 2,874 | 1,374 | – | – | – | 9,612 |
| Sault Ste. Marie | NOR | → | Con | 2,839 | 43.27% | 444 | 6.77% | 43.28% | 2,839 | – | 2,395 | 1,327 | – | – | – | 6,561 |
| Simcoe Centre | CEN | → | Con | 3,535 | 39.84% | 529 | 5.96% | 65.77% | 3,535 | 3,006 | 2,332 | – | – | – | – | 8,873 |
| Simcoe East | CEN | → | Con | 5,692 | 57.57% | 1,498 | 15.15% | 57.55% | 5,692 | 4,194 | – | – | – | – | – | 9,886 |
| Simcoe South | CEN | → | Con | 3,016 | 55.88% | 635 | 11.77% | 72.26% | 3,016 | 2,381 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,397 |
| Simcoe West | CEN | Con | 3,610 | 56.78% | 1,580 | 24.85% | 57.05% | 3,610 | 2,030 | 634 | – | 84 | – | – | 6,358 | |
| Stormont | EAS | → | Con | 3,661 | 44.04% | 1,050 | 12.63% | 56.13% | 3,661 | 2,041 | 2,611 | – | – | – | – | 8,313 |
| Sturgeon Falls | NOR | Lib | 2,671 | 62.32% | 1,670 | 38.96% | — | 614 | 1,001 | 2,671 | – | – | – | – | 4,286 | |
| Sudbury | NOR | Con | 5,816 | 58.65% | 1,816 | 17.31% | 60.80% | 5,816 | – | 4,100 | – | – | – | – | 9,916 | |
| Timiskaming | NOR | Con | 3,160 | 44.12% | 1,008 | 14.07% | 58.76% | 3,160 | 2,152 | 1,850 | – | – | – | – | 7,162 | |
| Toronto NE - A | TOR | Con | 13,049 | 71.46% | 10,205 | 55.88% | 34.78% | 13,049 | – | 2,844 | – | – | – | 2,368 | 18,261 | |
| Toronto NE - B | TOR | Con | 13,952 | 77.58% | 9,919 | 55.15% | 34.61% | 13,952 | – | – | – | – | – | 4,033 | 17,985 | |
| Toronto NW - A | TOR | Con | 17,255 | 85.34% | 14,291 | 70.68% | 34.17% | 17,255 | – | 2,964 | – | – | – | – | 20,219 | |
| Toronto NW - B | TOR | → | Con | 14,703 | 70.46% | 10,982 | 52.63% | 34.34% | 14,703 | – | – | – | – | 2,443 | 3,721 | 20,867 |
| Toronto SE - A | TOR | → | Con | 7,730 | 81.56% | 7,019 | 74.06% | 31.85% | 7,730 | – | 1,037 | 711 | – | – | – | 9,478 |
| Toronto SE - B | TOR | → | Con | 7,216 | 77.13% | 5,986 | 63.98% | 31.60% | 7,216 | – | 1,230 | 910 | – | – | – | 9,356 |
| Toronto SW - A | TOR | → | Con | 8,233 | 56.71% | 4,761 | 37.39% | 50.78% | 8,233 | – | 3,472 | 2,812 | – | – | – | 14,517 |
| Toronto SW - B | TOR | → | Con | 7,756 | 52.54% | 5,158 | 37.48% | 48.28% | 7,756 | – | 2,198 | 2,211 | – | 2,598 | – | 14,763 |
| Victoria North | CEN | → | Con | 2,711 | 47.00% | 358 | 6.21% | 66.72% | 2,711 | 2,353 | 704 | – | – | – | – | 5,768 |
| Victoria South | CEN | → | Con | 3,880 | 42.64% | 526 | 5.78% | 75.56% | 3,880 | 3,354 | 1,865 | – | – | – | – | 9,099 |
| Waterloo North | MWO | → | Con | 5,370 | 50.35% | 2,237 | 20.98% | 47.96% | 5,370 | – | 3,133 | 309 | 1,853 | – | – | 10,665 |
| Waterloo South[a 5] | MWO | → | Lab | 5,006 | 50.08% | 15 | 0.15% | 47.29% | 4,991 | – | – | 5,006 | – | – | – | 9,997 |
| Welland | HAM | → | Con | 4,941 | 52.19% | 1,239 | 13.09% | 59.17% | 4,941 | 824 | 3,702 | – | – | – | – | 9,467 |
| Wellington East | MWO | UFO | 3,628 | 61.64% | 1,370 | 23.28% | 61.32% | 2,258 | 3,628 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,886 | |
| Wellington South | MWO | Con | 5,444 | 52.04% | 2,424 | 23.17% | 60.12% | 5,444 | 3,020 | 1,997 | – | – | – | – | 10,461 | |
| Wellington West | MWO | → | Con | 2,685 | 50.41% | 576 | 10.81% | 65.13% | 2,685 | 2,109 | 532 | – | – | – | – | 5,326 |
| Wentworth North | HAM | UFO | 3,397 | 58.02% | 939 | 16.04% | 65.80% | 2,458 | 3,397 | – | – | – | – | – | 5,855 | |
| Wentworth South | HAM | → | Con | 3,348 | 46.38% | 889 | 12.32% | 49.57% | 3,348 | 2,459 | 1,411 | – | – | – | – | 7,218 |
| Windsor | SWO | → | Con | 5,424 | 53.29% | 1,871 | 18.38% | 34.99% | 5,424 | – | 3,553 | 1,202 | – | – | – | 10,179 |
| York East | CEN | Con | 11,863 | 71.36% | 8,783 | 52.84% | 32.85% | 11,863 | 3,080 | 976 | – | 704 | – | – | 16,623 | |
| York North | CEN | Con | 4,341 | 44.65% | 811 | 8.34% | 69.77% | 4,341 | 1,852 | 3,530 | – | – | – | – | 9,723 | |
| York West | CEN | Con | 14,338 | 72.10% | 8,791 | 44.21% | 33.00% | 14,338 | – | – | – | 5,547 | – | – | 19,885 | |
- Data compiled from "Return from the Records of the General Election to the Legislative Assembly in 1923 held on 14th and 25th June". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1923.. Party affiliations per Hopkins 1924, pp. 577–579. Tables compiled by Elections Ontario have incomplete riding list and multiple transcription errors.
- including spoilt ballots
- Incumbent was elected as Farmer-Liberal in 1919
- Incumbent returned
- Incumbent was elected as Farmer-Labour in 1919
- = turnout is above provincial average
- = incumbent re-elected under the same party banner
- = returned by acclamation
- = incumbency arose from byelection gain
- = incumbent switched allegiance for 1923 nomination
- = other incumbents renominated
- = multiple candidates
Regional analysis
| Region | Candidates | Seats | Vote share (%) | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | I-Lib | Prog | Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | I-Lib | Prog | |
| Central Ontario | 19 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 1 | – | – | 16 | – | 3 | – | – | 53.12 | 23.84 | 21.44 | 1.54 | 0.07 | – | – |
| Eastern Ontario | 14 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 3 | – | – | 11 | 1 | 4 | – | 1 | 39.87 | 26.89 | 27.44 | 1.93 | 3.87 | – | – |
| Hamilton, Halton and Niagara | 9 | 5 | 8 | 4 | – | – | – | 7 | 2 | – | – | – | 49.64 | 14.86 | 24.64 | 10.86 | – | – | – |
| Midwestern Ontario | 20 | 17 | 12 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 10 | 8 | 1 | 2 | – | 42.57 | 31.87 | 18.06 | 6.42 | 1.08 | – | – |
| Northeastern Ontario | 9 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 5 | 1 | 3 | – | – | 43.34 | 14.41 | 35.18 | 6.88 | 0.19 | – | – |
| Northwest Ontario | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | – | – | 2 | – | – | 2 | – | 39.85 | 7.90 | 20.52 | 25.81 | 5.92 | – | – |
| Southwestern Ontario | 13 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 1 | – | – | 10 | 4 | 2 | – | – | 39.44 | 30.24 | 26.87 | 2.54 | 0.91 | – | – |
| Toronto | 10 | – | 9 | 5 | – | 2 | 3 | 10 | – | – | – | – | 72.78 | – | 11.59 | 5.31 | – | 3.43 | 6.88 |
| York, Peel and Ontario | 6 | 5 | 3 | – | 2 | – | – | 4 | 1 | 1 | – | – | 58.58 | 20.97 | 11.91 | – | 8.54 | – | – |
| Total | 103 | 71 | 78 | 23 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 75 | 17 | 14 | 4 | 1 | 49.77 | 20.94 | 21.33 | 4.75 | 1.62 | 0.53 | 1.06 |
MLAs elected
Italicized names indicate members returned by acclamation. Two-tone colour boxes indicate ridings that turned over from the 1919 election, eg,
(Conservative in 1923 and UFO in 1919)
Addington: William David Black
Durham East: Albert James Fallis
Durham West: William John Bragg
Hastings East: James Ferguson Hill
Hastings North: John Robert Cooke
Hastings West: William Henry Ireland
Lennox: John Perry Vrooman
Muskoka: George Walter Ecclestone
Northumberland East: James Franklin Beatty Belford
Northumberland West: Samuel Clarke
Peterborough East: Thomas Dalton Johnston
Peterborough West: William Herbert Bradburn
Prince Edward: Horace Stanley Colliver
Simcoe Centre: Charles Ernest Wright
Simcoe East: William Finlayson
Simcoe West: James Edgar Jamieson
Victoria North: James Raglan Mark
Victoria South: Robert John Patterson
Brockville: Hezekiah Allan Clark
Dundas: Aaron Sweet
Frontenac: Anthony McGuin Rankin
Glengarry: James Alexander Sangster
Kingston: William Folger Nickle
Lanark North: Thomas Alfred Thompson
Lanark South: Egerton Reuben Stedman
Leeds: Andrew Wellington Gray
Prescott: Edmond Proulx
Renfrew North: Alexander Stuart
Renfrew South: John Carty
Russell: Aurélien Bélanger
Stormont: John Colborne Milligan
Halton: George Hillmer
Hamilton East: Leeming Carr
Hamilton West: Arthur Campbell Garden
Lincoln: Robert Henry Kemp
Niagara Falls: William Gore Willson
St. Catharines: Edwin Cyrus Graves
Wentworth North: Frank Campbell Biggs
Wentworth South: Thomas Joseph Mahony |
Brant South: Morrison Mann MacBride
Bruce North: William Henry Fenton
Bruce South: Malcolm Alex McCallum
Bruce West: Alexander Patterson Mewhinney
Dufferin: Charles Robert McKeown
Grey Centre: Dougall Carmichael
Grey North: David James Taylor
Grey South: David Jamieson
Haldimand: Richard Nixon Berry
Norfolk North: George David Sewell
Norfolk South: John Strickler Martin
Oxford North: David Munroe Ross
Oxford South: William Henry Chambers
Perth North: Joseph Dunsmore Monteith
Perth South: McCausland Irvine
Waterloo North: William George Weichel
Waterloo South: Karl Kenneth Homuth
Wellington East: William Raney
Wellington South: Lincoln Goldie
Wellington West: William Clarke Chambers
Algoma: Arthur Gladstone Wallis
Cochrane: Malcolm Lang
Manitoulin: Beniah Bowman
Parry Sound: George Vernon Harcourt
Sturgeon Falls: Zotique Mageau
Timiskaming: Angus John Kennedy
Fort William: Franklin Harford Spence
Kenora: Peter Heenan
Port Arthur: Francis Henry Keefer
Rainy River: John Fullarton Callan |
Elgin East: Michael McKnight
Elgin West: Findlay George MacDiarmid
Essex North: Edward Philip Tellier
Essex South: Adolphus T. Armstrong
Huron Centre: Ebon Rinaldo Wigle
Huron North: John Joynt
Huron South: Nelson William Trewartha
Kent East: Manning William Doherty
Kent West: Robert Livingstone Brackin
Lambton East: Leslie Warner Oke
Lambton West: Wilfred Smith Haney
Middlesex East: John Willard Freeborn
Middlesex North: George Adam Elliott
Middlesex West: John Giles Lethbridge
Windsor: Frank Worthington Wilson
Parkdale: William Herbert Price
Riverdale: George Oakley
Toronto Northeast - A: Alexander Cameron Lewis
Toronto Northeast - B: Joseph Elijah Thompson
Toronto Northwest - A: Thomas Crawford
Toronto Northwest - B: Arthur Russell Nesbitt
Toronto Southeast - A: John Allister Currie
Toronto Southeast - B: Edward William James Owens
Toronto Southwest - A: James Arthur McCausland
Toronto Southwest - B: Frederick George McBrien
Ontario North: John Wesley Widdifield
Ontario South: William Edmund Newton Sinclair
York North: William Keith
|
Detailed analysis
| Party | Seats | Votes | Change (pp) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| █ Conservative | 75 / 111 | 49.56% | 15.47 | ||
| █ United Farmers | 17 / 111 | 21.11% | 0.14 | ||
| █ Liberal | 14 / 111 | 21.36% | -4.15 | ||
| █ Labour | 4 / 111 | 4.76% | -4.33 | ||
| █ Independent | 1 / 111 | 1.62% | -2.45 | ||
| █ Other | 0 / 111 | 1.59% | -4.68 | ||
| Party | Acc | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| █ Conservative | 1 | 74 | 22 | 5 | 1 | |
| █ United Farmers | 17 | 43 | 11 | |||
| █ Liberal | 14 | 35 | 27 | 2 | ||
| █ Labour | 1 | 3 | 5 | 13 | 1 | |
| █ Independent | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | |
| █ Progressive | 2 | 1 | ||||
| █ Independent-Liberal | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Totals | 2 | 109 | 109 | 59 | 10 | 2 |
| Party in 1st place | Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | Pro |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| █ Conservative | 37 | 29 | 4 | 2 | 2 | |
| █ United Farmers | 14 | 3 | ||||
| █ Liberal | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||
| █ Labour | 2 | 1 | ||||
| █ Independent | 1 | |||||
| Totals | 22 | 43 | 35 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Parties | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| █ Conservative | █ United Farmers | 51 |
| █ Conservative | █ Liberal | 35 |
| █ Liberal | █ United Farmers | 9 |
| █ Conservative | █ Labour | 6 |
| █ Conservative | █ Progressive | 2 |
| █ Liberal | █ Labour | 2 |
| █ Conservative | █ Independent | 1 |
| █ Conservative | █ Independent-Liberal | 1 |
| █ Liberal | █ Liberal | 1 |
| █ Independent | █ Liberal | 1 |
| Total | 109 | |
Incumbents not running for reelection
Sixteen MLAs chose not to stand for re-election:[12]
| Riding | Incumbent at dissolution and subsequent nominee | New MLA | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algoma | Kenneth Spencer Stover | Arthur Gladstone Wallis | Arthur Gladstone Wallis | ||
| Elgin East | Malcolm MacVicar | William F. Smith | Michael McKnight | ||
| Essex South | Milton C. Fox | John Orville Duke | Adolphus T. Armstrong | ||
| Huron South | Andrew Hicks | William George Medd | Nelson William Trewartha | ||
| Lennox | Reginald Amherst Fowler | Charles Wesley Hambly | John Perry Vrooman | ||
| Middlesex North | James C. Brown | Harold Currie | George Adam Elliott | ||
| Ottawa West | Hammett Pinhey Hill | Albert Edwin Honeywell | Harold Fisher | ||
| Oxford South | Albert Thomas Walker | John L. Wright | William Henry Chambers | ||
| Port Arthur | Donald McDonald Hogarth | Francis Henry Keefer | Francis Henry Keefer | ||
| Riverdale | Joseph McNamara | — | George Oakley | ||
| Russell | Alfred Goulet | Aurélien Bélanger | Aurélien Bélanger | ||
| Simcoe West | William Torrance Allen | James Edgar Jamieson | James Edgar Jamieson | ||
| Timiskaming | Thomas Magladery | Angus John Kennedy | Angus John Kennedy | ||
| Toronto Southeast - B | James Walter Curry | John Callahan | Edward William James Owens | ||
| Wellington South | Caleb Henry Buckland | Lincoln Goldie | Lincoln Goldie | ||
| York North | Thomas Herbert Lennox | William Keith | William Keith | ||
Seats that changed hands
| Party | 1919 | Gain from (loss to) | 1923 | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | I-Lib | F-Lab | F-Lib | Sol | |||||||||||||
| Conservative | 25 | 29 | 13 | (2) | 9 | (1) | 1 | 1 | 75 | ||||||||||||
| United Farmers | 44 | (29) | 3 | (2) | 1 | 17 | |||||||||||||||
| Liberal | 27 | 2 | (13) | 2 | (3) | (1) | 14 | ||||||||||||||
| Labour | 11 | 1 | (9) | 1 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||
| Independent | – | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Independent-Liberal | 1 | (1) | – | ||||||||||||||||||
| Farmer–Labour | 1 | (1) | – | ||||||||||||||||||
| Farmer-Liberal | 1 | (1) | – | ||||||||||||||||||
| Soldier | 1 | (1) | – | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 111 | 3 | (53) | 31 | (4) | 17 | (4) | 9 | (2) | – | (1) | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 111 | |
There were 64 seats that changed allegiance in the election.
|
|
| Source | Party | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Con | UFO | Lib | Lab | Ind | Total | |||||
| Seats retained | Incumbents returned | 16 | 13 | 8 | 1 | 38 | ||||
| Open seats held | 5 | 2 | 7 | |||||||
| Acclamation | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
| Seats changing hands | Incumbents defeated | 45 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 51 | |||
| Open seats gained | 7 | 2 | 9 | |||||||
| Byelection gain held | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
| Change in affiliation | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
| Total | 75 | 17 | 14 | 4 | 1 | 111 | ||||
Notable groups of candidates
| Riding | Candidate | Votes | Placed | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fort William | █ Liberal | Mrs B.O. Allen | 1,152 | 3rd |
| Toronto Northeast - B | █ Progressive | Mrs Mary E. Becker | 4,033 | 2nd |
| Toronto Northwest - B | █ United Farmers | Edith L. Groves | 3,721 | 2nd |
| Riding | Party | Candidate |
|---|---|---|
| Kenora | █ Labour | Peter Heenan |
| Kingston | █ Conservative | William Folger Nickle |
| Riding | Candidate | Votes | Placed | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ottawa East | █ Liberal | Joseph Albert Pinard | 4,635 | 1st |
| J. Wilfred Gauvreau | 3,175 | 2nd | ||
| Ottawa West | █ Conservative | Albert Edwin Honeywell | 6,470 | 2nd |
| Arthur Ellis | 1,154 | 4th | ||
| Toronto Southeast - A | █ Liberal | Frederick Hogg | 656 | 3rd |
| Alfred Burgess | 381 | 4th | ||
See also
Notes
References
- "1923 General Election". Elections Ontario. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
- "Boring campaign behind poor voter turnout: analysts". CTV News. Bell Media. October 11, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
- Edmonton Bulletin, June 26, 1923
- "Ferguson is Victor". The Georgetown Herald. June 27, 1923. p. 2.
- "Bill 177 - An Act respecting the Representation of the People in the Legislative Assembly". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. April 12, 1923.
- "Bill 178 - An Act to provide for the Election of Members to the Assembly on the System of Proportional Representation". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. April 12, 1923.
- "Bill 179 - An Act to provide for a System of Transferable Votes at Elections to the Assembly". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. April 12, 1923.
- Hopkins 1924, pp. 532–534.
- Edmonton Bulletin, April 20, 1923
- Edmonton Bulletin, June 26, 1923
- Canadian Parliamentary Guide 1925
- Hopkins 1924, pp. 577–579.
- Hopkins 1924, p. 577.
Further reading
- Hopkins, J. Castell (1924). The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1923. Toronto: The Annual Review.
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