Actinopteri

Actinopteri /æktɪˈnɒptəraɪ/ is the sister group of Cladistia (bichirs) in the class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish).

Actinopteri
Atlantic sturgeon (Chondrostei)
Atlantic salmon (Neopterygii)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
(unranked): Actinopteri
Cope, 1871
Subclasses

Dating back to the Permian period, the Actinopteri comprise the Chondrostei (sturgeons and paddlefish), the Holostei (bowfins and gars), and the teleosts. In other words all extant ray-finned fish minus the bichirs.

In this clade the lungs have evolved into a swim bladder.[1]

Characters of Actinopteri:[2] Paired fin structure, a single dorsal fin, fulcra, a large median gular and numerous branchiostegals, ganoid scales, and a valvula cerebelli in the brain.

Classification

The following cladogram[3][4][5][6] summarizes the evolutionary relationships of extant Actinopteri. Divergence time for each clade in mya are based on:[7]

Actinopteri 400 mya

References
  1. Dorsoventral inversion of the air-filled organ (lungs, gas bladder) in vertebrates: RNA-sequencing of laser capture microdissected embryonic tissue
  2. Patterson, Colin (1982). "Morphology and Interrelationships of Primitive Actinopterygian Fishes". American Zoologist. 22 (241): 241–259. doi:10.1093/icb/22.2.241.
  3. Betancur-R (2016). "Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes Version 4". Archived from the original on 2017-07-11. Retrieved 2017-03-29.
  4. Nelson, Joseph, S. (2016). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 9781118342336.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. "Actinopterygii". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 3 April 2006.
  6. R. Froese and D. Pauly, ed. (February 2006). "FishBase".
  7. Thomas J. Near; et al. (2012). "Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification". PNAS. 109 (34): 13698–13703. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10913698N. doi:10.1073/pnas.1206625109. PMC 3427055. PMID 22869754.
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