Bageshri
Raga Bageshri or Bageshree (IAST: Bāgeśrī) is a Carnatic classical raga.It is a janya raga (derived scale)of the 22nd Melakarta raga Kharaharapriya. It is meant to depict the emotion of waiting for reunion with one's lover. Being a very melodic raga it has gained popularity over the centuries. In Hindustani music,it is said to have been first sung by Miyan Tansen, the celebrated court singer of the Emperor Akbar in the sixteenth century.
| Thaat | Kafi[1] |
|---|---|
| Type | Audav Shadav/ Audav-Sampurna / Shadav sampurna Or sampurna sampurna[1] |
| Time of day | Around midnight[2] |
| Arohana | S g m D n S'[1] |
| Avarohana | S'n D m g R S
Or S' n D m P D g m g R SOr S' n D,P D n D m g, R G m g R S[1] |
| Pakad | D n s, m, m P D, m g R S |
| Vadi | Ma[1] |
| Samavadi | Sa[1] |
| Synonym | Vagishvari[2] |
| Similar | Rageshri[1] |
| Hindustani classical music |
|---|
| Concepts |
| Genres |
| Thaats |
|
In modern days, people like the popular Hindi music director C.Ramchandra favour composing songs in Bageshri, as he found it simple. In a 1978 interview at BBC studios with Mahendra Kaul, he explained this, while playing songs like (Radha na bole – Azad, 1955) that were set to Bageshri.[3]
Theory
The theoretical aspects of Bageshri are as follows:
Pakad or Chalan
D n s, m, m P D, m g R S
- Varjit Swara – P & R in Aaroh
- Jati : – Audav-Sampoorna (Vakra)
Organization & Relationships
Samayā (Time)
The time for this raaga is madhya raatri (middle of the night).
Carnatic music
| Mela | 22nd, Kharaharapriya |
|---|---|
| Arohanam | S G₂ M₁ D₂ N₂ Ṡ |
| Avarohanam | Ṡ N₂ D₂ N₂ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S |
Bageshri raga a popular raga.It is derived from the 22nd Melakarta, Kharaharapriya.[4] This raga is a janya raga (derived) as it does not have all the seven notes in the ascending scale.
Structure and Lakshana
Bageshri is an asymmetric scale that does not contain panchamam or rishabam in the ascending scale. It is called a audava-sampurna rāgam,[4] in Carnatic music classification (as it has 5 notes in ascending and 7 notes in descending scale). Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
- ārohaṇa : S G₂ R₂ M₁ D₂ N₂ Ṡ[lower-alpha 1]
- avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₂ D₂ N₂ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S[lower-alpha 2]
This scale uses the notes shadjam, chathusruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham and kaisiki nishadam.
Popular compositions
Bageshri is a very melodic raga in Carnatic music.[4] So, even though this scale has been used only in a few krithis (compositions), many devaranamas, ashtapadis, thiruppugazhs, and other lyrics have been set to tune in this raga. It is typically sung in concerts after the main piece, in viruttams, padams, bhajans and ragamalika.[4]
Here are some popular compositions in Bageshri.
- Eru mayil eri vilayaducomposed by Arunagirinathar
- Sagarasayana by M. D. Ramanathan
- Maname Ariyen by Papanasam Sivan
- Antakanadutarige KiMchittu dayavilla by Purandaradasa
- Govindamiha by Narayana Theertha
Film Songs
Language:Tamil
| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kaanaa Inbam Kannidhadheno | Sabaash Meena | T. G. Lingappa | T. A. Mothi, P. Susheela |
| Kalaiyae En Vazhkaiyin | Meenda Sorgam | T. Chalapathi Rao | A. M. Rajah, P. Susheela |
| Mayakkum Maalai | Gulebakavali | K. V. Mahadevan | A. M. Rajah, Jikki |
| Idhaya Vaasal Thirantha Pothum | Thoongatha Kannindru Ondru | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki | |
| Anbale Thediya En | Deivapiravi | R. Sudarsanam | C. S. Jayaraman, S. Janaki |
| Malare Malare Theriyatha | Thennilavu | A. M. Rajah | P. Susheela |
| Kangale Kangale | Vaazhkai Padagu | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. B. Sreenivas |
| Malarukku Thendral | Enga Veettu Pillai | P. Susheela, L. R. Eswari | |
| Paal Irukkum Pazham Irukkum | Paava Mannippu | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela | |
| Ponnezhil Pootadu | Kalangarai Vilakkam | M. S. Viswanathan | |
| Nee Ennenna Sonnalum | Netru Indru Naalai | ||
| Nilave Ennidam | Ramu | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela | |
| Avan Nenaithaana | Selva Magal | T. M. Soundararajan | |
| Kannanin Sanithiyil | Oru Kodiyil Iru Malargal | P. Jayachandran, P. Susheela | |
| Nee Engey En Ninaivugal | Mannippu | S. M. Subbaiah Naidu | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela, A. P. Komala |
| Punnagai Mannan | Iru Kodugal | V. Kumar | P. Susheela, K. Jamuna Rani |
| Melatha Mella | Aruvadai Naal | Ilaiyaraaja | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki |
| Kelaayo Kanna | Naane Raja Naane Mandhiri | P. Susheela, Usha Srinivasan | |
| Kala Kala Sangamamo | Ezhumalayaan Magimai | Ilaiyaraaja, S. Janaki | |
| Ingeyum Angeyum | Sathyaa | Lata Mangeshkar | |
| Then Mozhi | Solla Thudikuthu Manasu | Mano | |
| Kaviyam Padava Thendrale | Idhayathai Thirudathe | ||
| Mounam Yen Mounamey | En Jeevan Paduthu | ||
| Roja Ondru Mutham Ketkum Neram | Komberi Mookan | S P Balasubramaniam & S. Janaki | |
| Eduthu Naan Vidava | Pudhu Pudhu Arthangal | Ilaiyaraaja, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
| Ingeyum | Sathya | Lata Mangeshkar | |
| Unnayum Ennayum | Aalappirandhavan | K.J. Jesudas, S. Janaki | |
| Yarodu Yaro | Salangayil Oru Sangeetham | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
| Chinnai Chiru | Endrum Anbudan | ||
| Rokkam Irukura Makkal | Kasi | Hariharan, Sujatha Mohan | |
| Singalathu Chinnakuyile
(Ragam Bahudari touches also) |
Punnagai Mannan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra | |
| Vaikasi Masthula | Ninaivu Chinnam | ||
| Mazhai Varuthu | Raja Kaiya Vacha | K.J. Jesudas, K. S. Chithra | |
| Sangathamizh Kaviye
(Ragamalika:Abheri, Bageshri, Sumanesa Ranjani) |
Manathil Uruthi Vendum | ||
| Santosham Kaanatha | Vasanthi | Chandrabose | |
| Koluse Koluse | Pen Puthi Mun Puthi | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. P. Sailaja | |
| Chinna Kannan | Senthoora Poove | Manoj–Gyan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Thazham Poovai Theril Kanden | Rojakkal Unakaga | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha(Humming only) | |
| Malaicharal Oram | Avathellam Pennalae | Shankar–Ganesh | P. Jayachandran |
| Kadalodu Nadhikenna Kobam | Arthangal Ayiram | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam | |
| Aruviyin Oram | Paadum Paadal Unakkaga | Maharaajaa | |
| Naan Vandha Idam | Thanga Kolusu | Deva | |
| Thalaivanai Azhaikuthu | En Aasai Machan | S. Janaki | |
| Uchathil Otha Kuyil | Partha Parvayil | M. M. A. Iniyavan | Mano, S. Janaki |
| Pollatha Kannan | Swarnamukhi | Swararaj | K. S. Chithra, Gajendran |
| Aaromale (Malayalam) | Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa | A. R. Rahman | Alphons Joseph, Shreya Ghoshal(Female Version) |
| Valayapatti Thavile
(Ragamalika: Bihag, Bageshri, Neelambhari) |
Azhagiya Tamil Magan | Naresh Iyer, Ujjayinee Roy, Srimathumitha, Darshana KT | |
| Seemanthapoo | 99 Songs | Jonita Gandhi, Sharanya Srinivas, Sireesha Bhagavatula | |
| Kaatru Vanthu Santham Solla | Konjum Kili | S. A. Rajkumar | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sunandha |
| Vallami Tharayo | Vallamai Tharayo | Bharadwaj | Bharadwaj, Surmukhi Raman |
| Thuli Thuliyai
(Ragamalika:Harikambhoji, Bageshri) |
Ramanujan | Ramesh Vinayakam | Ramesh Vinayakam, Kaushiki Chakrabarty, Vinaya |
Language: Hindi
See also
- List of film songs based on ragas
Notes
- Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: S G̱ R M D Ṉ Ṡ
- Western: C E♭ D F A B♭ C
- Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: Ṡ Ṉ D Ṉ P M G̱ R S
- Western: C B♭ A B♭ G F E♭ D C
References
- "Raag Bageshree – Hindustani Classical Music". Tanarang.com. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- Bor & Rao 1999.
- Kaul, Mahendra (2 February 1978). "Interview with C Ramchandra". BBC Studios. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
- Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
Sources
- Bor, Joep; Rao, Suvarnalata (1999). The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas. Nimbus Records with Rotterdam Conservatory of Music. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-9543976-0-9.