Kaulong language

Kaulong, or Pasismanua, is an Austronesian language spoken by about 4000 swidden farmers of the southwest hinterlands of Kandrian District, West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea on the island of New Britain.

Kaulong
Pasismanua
Regionparts of West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea
Native speakers
4,000 (2000)[1]
Austronesian
Language codes
ISO 639-3pss
Glottologkaul1240

Phonology
Consonants[2]
Labial Alveolar Dorsal
Plosive p t k
Prenasalized ᵐb ⟨b⟩,⟨mb⟩ ⁿd ⟨d⟩,⟨nd⟩ ᵑɡ ⟨g⟩,⟨ngg⟩
Fricative β ⟨w⟩ s h
Nasal m n ŋ ⟨ng⟩
Approximant r, l
  • The prenasalised stops /ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ/ are oral [b d g] word-initially.
  • /β/ has the allophone /w/ when preceding back vowels.
  • /t/ often appears as a tap [ɾ] when between vowels in rapid speech.
Vowels
Front Central Back
High i iː u uː
Mid e eː o oː
Low a aː

Additionally, Kaulong has the following diphthongs: /ei/, /ai/, /oi/, /ae/, /au/, /io/, /iu/, /ua/, /ue/, /ui/, /uo/.

References
  1. Kaulong at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Throop, Craig (1992). Kaulong Organised Phonology Data. SIL International.


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