National central city
In China, a national central city (国家中心城市) is a modern metropolis with regional, national, and international importance. There are nine national central cities: Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, and Zhengzhou.[1]The first four cities listed are the four provincial-equivalent direct-administered municipalities of China.
| National central city | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 国家中心城市 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 國家中心城市 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
As defined by the PRC National Development and Reform Committee,[lower-alpha 1] national central cities are strategically located in the country, shoulder the national mission, lead regional development, participate in international competition, and represent the national image.[1] This designation was formulated by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2005 as a first step in reforming urbanization in China. The national central cities' spheres of influence have great impact on surrounding cities in modernizing and integrating services in various fields, including infrastructure, finance, public education, social welfare, sanitation, business licensing, and urban planning.
List
| Division | Native name | Total GDP (2017 USD) | Per capita (2017 USD) | Urban Population (2017) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | Municipal Population (2017) | Economic zone | Region | Subdivisions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beijing | 北京; Běijīng | $443.8 billion | $20,446.58 | 18.76 million | 16,411 | 1,323 | 21.70 million | Bohai Economic Rim | North | List |
| Tianjin | 天津; Tiānjīn | $294.7 billion | $19,452 | 12.91 million | 11,920 | 1,306 | 15.57 million | List | ||
| Shanghai | 上海; Shànghǎi | $477.63 billion | $19,750.5 | 21.21 million | 6,341 | 3,813.8 | 24.18 million | Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone | East | List |
| Chongqing | 重庆; Chóngqìng | $309.1 billion | $9,433 | 19.71 million | 82,400 | 373.2 | 30.75 million | West Triangle Economic Zone | Southwest | List |
| Chengdu | 成都; Chéngdū | $273.8 billion | $16,515 | 11.54 million | 14,378 | 650 | 9.14 million | List | ||
| Xi'an | 西安; Xī'ān | $118.4 billion | $12,055.41 | 5.9 million | 10,135 | 893.6 | 9.06 million | Northwest | ||
| Guangzhou | 广州; Guǎngzhōu | $341 billion | $22,317 | 12.49 million | 7,434 | 1,950.2 | 14.50 million | Pearl River Delta Economic Zone | South | List |
| Wuhan | 武汉; Wǔhàn | $212.6 billion | $19,627.7 | 8.72 million | 8,494 | 1,282 | 10.89 million | Yangtze River Midstream Economic Zone | Central | |
| Zhengzhou | 郑州; Zhèngzhōu | $144.7 billion | $14,276.13 | 7.14 million | 7,446 | 1,327 | 9.88 million | Zhongyuan Economic Zone | ||
See also
- List of Chinese municipalities and prefecture-level cities by GDP
- List of Chinese municipalities and prefecture-level divisions by GDP per capita
- List of cities in the People's Republic of China by urban population
- List of province-level capitals and sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China
Notes
- Chinese: 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会
References
- "城市化网——城镇化门户网站". www.ciudsrc.com. Retrieved 2023-11-23.
- "国家中心城市(guójiā zhōngxīn chéngshì): National central cities". China Daily. 2018-02-09. Retrieved 11 December 2022.