Terminalia (plant)

Terminalia is a genus of large trees of the flowering plant family Combretaceae, comprising nearly 300 species distributed in tropical regions of the world.[2] The genus name derives from the Latin word terminus, referring to the fact that the leaves appear at the very tips of the shoots.[3]

Terminalia
Terminalia catappa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Combretaceae
Genus: Terminalia
L.[1]
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Badamia Gaertn.
  • Catappa Gaertn.
  • Chicharronia A.Rich.
  • Chuncoa Pav. ex Juss.
  • Fatrea Juss.
  • Gimbernatea Ruiz & Pav.
  • Hudsonia A.Rob. ex Lunan
  • Kniphofia Scop.
  • Myrobalanifera Houtt.
  • Myrobalanus Gaertn.
  • Pentaptera Roxb.
  • Ramatuela Kunth
  • Ramatuella Kunth, orth. var.
  • Resinaria Comm. ex Lam.
  • Tanibouca Aubl.
  • Vicentia Allemão

Selected species
Terminalia argentea flowers
Terminalia arjuna flowers
Terminalia bellirica fruit
Terminalia catappa flowers with a hoverfly - a close up
Terminalia pallida in Talakona forest, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Terminalia porphyrocarpa foliage and flowers
Terminalia mantaly street tree in Hong Kong

There are 282 accepted Terminalia species as of April 2021 according to Plants of the World Online.[2] Selected species include:

  • Terminalia acuminata (Fr. Allem.) Eichl.
  • Terminalia albida Scott-Elliot
  • Terminalia amazonia (J.F.Gmel.) Exell – white olive
  • Terminalia arbuscula Sw.
  • Terminalia archipelagi Coode
  • Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. – arjuna, koha, white marudah
  • Terminalia arostrata Ewart & O.B.Davies – crocodile tree
  • Terminalia australis Cambess – palo amarillo, tanimbú
  • Terminalia avicennioides Guill. & Perr.
  • Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. – beleric
  • Terminalia bialata (Roxb.) Steud. – Indian silver greywood, silver greywood
  • Terminalia buceras (L.) C.Wright
  • Terminalia bucidoides Standley & L.O.Williams
  • Terminalia bursarina – Bendee
  • Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolfe
  • Terminalia cambodiana Gagnep.
  • Terminalia canescens (DC.) Radlk. – jalool
  • Terminalia carolinensis Kaneh.
  • Terminalia catappa L. – Indian almond, tropical almond, umbrella tree
  • Terminalia chebula Retz. – black myrobalan, chebulic myrobalan, inknut
  • Terminalia cherrieri McKee
  • Terminalia circumalata F.Muell.
  • Terminalia cunninghamii C.A.Gardner – Pindan quondong
  • Terminalia eddowesii Coode
  • Terminalia engleri Gere & Boatwr. – terenifù (West Africa to Cameroon)
  • Terminalia elliptica Willd. – Indian-laurel
  • Terminalia eriostachya A.Rich.
  • Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell – billygoat plum, Kakadu plum, gubinge
  • Terminalia fitzgeraldii C.A.Gardner
  • Terminalia glabrata G.Forst.
  • Terminalia grandiflora Benth.
  • Terminalia hadleyana W.Fitzg.
  • Terminalia ivorensis A.Chev. – idigbo, black afara, blackbark, brimstone wood, shingle wood
  • Terminalia januariensis DC.
  • Terminalia kaernbachii Warb. – okari nut
  • Terminalia kangeanensis Slooten
  • Terminalia kuhlmannii Alwan & Stace
  • Terminalia kumpaja R.L.Barrett
  • Terminalia latifolia Sw.
  • Terminalia latipes Benth.
  • Terminalia littoralis L.
  • Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr.
  • Terminalia microcarpa Decne.
  • Terminalia muelleri Benth. – Australian almond
  • Terminalia myriocarpa Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.
  • Terminalia neotaliala – Madagascar almond tree
  • Terminalia nigrovenulosa Pierre
  • Terminalia nitens C.Presl
  • Terminalia novocaledonica Däniker
  • Terminalia oblongata F.Muell.
  • Terminalia paniculata Roth
  • Terminalia parviflora Thwaites
  • Terminalia pellucida C.Presl
  • Terminalia petiolaris Benth. – marool
  • Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr.
  • Terminalia platyphylla F.Muell.
  • Terminalia platyptera F.Muell.
  • Terminalia porphyrocarpa F.Muell. ex Benth.
  • Terminalia reitzii Excell
  • Terminalia rerei Coode
  • Terminalia richii A.Gray
  • Terminalia schimperiana Hochst.
  • Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. – silver terminalia
  • Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels – limba
  • Terminalia volucris Benth.

References
  1. "Genus: Terminalia L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2018. Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  2. "Terminalia L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  3. "Terminalia catappa - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
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