bacach

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish baccach (“lame; lame person”), from bacc (“angle, bend; hindrance, act of hindering”) + -ach.

Pronunciation

Adjective

bacach (genitive singular masculine bacaigh, genitive singular feminine bacaí, plural bacacha, comparative bacaí)

  1. lame
  2. halting, imperfect

Declension
Declension of bacach
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative bacach bhacach bacacha;
bhacacha²
Vocative bhacaigh bacacha
Genitive bacaí bacacha bacach
Dative bacach;
bhacach¹		 bhacach;
bhacaigh (archaic)		 bacacha;
bhacacha²
Comparative níos bacaí
Superlative is bacaí

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms
  • bacachán m (“lame person or animal”)
  • Laidin bhacach f (“dog-Latin”)

Noun

bacach m (genitive singular bacaigh, nominative plural bacaigh)

  1. lame person
  2. beggar
    Ná bac le mac an bhacaigh is ní bhacfaidh mac an bhacaigh leat. ― Don’t bother the beggar’s son and the beggar’s son won’t bother you.
    Synonym: sirtheoir
    1. mean person, sponger
    2. despicable person

Declension
Declension of bacach

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative bacach bacaigh
Vocative a bhacaigh a bhacacha
Genitive bacaigh bacach
Dative bacach bacaigh

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an bacach na bacaigh
Genitive an bhacaigh na mbacach
Dative leis an mbacach

don bhacach

 leis na bacaigh

Derived terms
  • bacachas m (“(act of) begging, sponging”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
bacach bhacach mbacach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish baccach (“lame; lame person”), from bacc (“angle, bend; hindrance, act of hindering”) + -ach.

Adjective

bacach (genitive singular masculine bacaich, comparative bacaiche)

  1. crippled, lame, limping
  2. rugged

Declension

First declension; forms of the positive degree:

Case Masculine singular Feminine singular Plural
Nominative bacach bhacach bacach
Vocative bhacaich bhacaich bacach
Genitive bhacaich bhacaich/bacaich bacach
Dative bhacach bhacaich bacach

Comparative/superlative: bacaiche

Noun

bacach m (genitive singular bacaich, plural bacaich)

  1. a crippled person

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
bacachbhacach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “bacach”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “baccach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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