Foreign relations of Austria

The 1955 Austrian State Treaty ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. In October 1955, the Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law in which "Austria declares of her own free will her perpetual neutrality." The second section of this law stated that "in all future times Austria will not join any military alliances and will not permit the establishment of any foreign military bases on her territory." Since then, Austria has shaped its foreign policy on the basis of neutrality.

This article is part of a series on the
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Wöginger • Rendi-Wagner • Kickl • Maurer • Meinl-Reisinger •

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Nations with which Austria has diplomatic relations.

In recent years, however, Austria has begun to reassess its definition of neutrality, granting overflight rights for the UN-sanctioned action against Iraq in 1991, and, since 1995, contemplating participation in the EU's evolving security structure. Also in 1995, it joined the Partnership for Peace, and subsequently participated in peacekeeping missions in Bosnia. Discussion of possible Austrian NATO membership intensified during 1996. ÖVP and Team Stronach aim at moving closer to NATO or a European defense arrangement. SPÖ and FPÖ, in turn, believe continued neutrality is the cornerstone of Austria's foreign policy, and a majority of the population generally supports this stance.

In February 2000, Austria's foreign relations underwent controversy when the ÖVP formed a coalition with the FPÖ after the 1999 election. European governments imposed diplomatic sanctions, and the United States recalled its ambassador.[1] Sanctions were lifted in September 2000 after a three-member panel assessed human rights and political life in Austria.[2] In November 2000, the United States and Austria normalized their relations.[3]

Austrian leaders emphasize the unique role the country plays as an East-West hub and as a moderator between industrialized and developing countries. Austria is active in the United Nations and experienced in UN peacekeeping efforts. It attaches great importance to participation in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and other international economic organizations, and it has played an active role in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).

Vienna hosts the Secretariat of the OSCE and the headquarters of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, and the United Nations Drug Control Programme. Other international organizations based in Vienna include the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the Organization for International Economic Relations (OiER) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Recently, Vienna added the preparatory commission for the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization and the Wassenaar Arrangement (a technology-transfer control agency) to the list of international organizations it hosts. Furthermore, the Permanent Secretariat of an international territorial treaty for the sustainable development of the Alps called the Alpine Convention is located in Tyrol's capital Innsbruck.

Austria traditionally has been active in "bridge-building to the east," increasing contacts at all levels with Eastern Europe and the states of the former Soviet Union. Austrians maintain a constant exchange of business representatives, investment, trade, political leaders, students, cultural groups, and tourists with the countries of central and eastern Europe. In addition, the Austrian Government and various Austrian organizations provide assistance and training to support the changes underway in the region.

Bilateral relations

Austria maintains significant bilateral relations with several countries.

Multilateral
Organization Formal Relations Began Notes
 European Union See 1995 enlargement of the European Union
 NATO See Austria–NATO relations

Africa
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Algeria
  • Algeria has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Austria has an embassy in Algiers.
 Angola 25 October 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 October 1977[4]
 Benin 1 December 1964 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1964[5]
 Burkina Faso
  • Austria is accredited to Burkina Faso from its embassy in Dakar, Senegal[6]
  • Burkina Faso has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1960.[7]
 Cape Verde 29 April 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 April 1978[8]
 Comoros 8 May 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 May 2007[9]
 Djibouti 18 January 1983 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 January 1983[10]
 Egypt1929 See Austria–Egypt relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Cairo.
  • Egypt has an embassy in Vienna.
 Equatorial Guinea 1 March 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 March 1976[11]
 Gabon 1 April 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 1970[12]
 Guinea-Bissau 15 October 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 October 1976[13]
 Kenya See Austria–Kenya relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Vienna.
 Liberia 25 June 1963 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1963[14]
 Malawi 2 December 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 December 1965[15]
 Mauritania
  • Austria is accredited to Mauritania from its embassy in Rabat, Morocco.
  • Mauritania is accredited to Austria from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
 Morocco
  • Austria has an embassy in Rabat.
  • Morocco has an embassy in Vienna.
 Namibia5 October 1990Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1990[16]
  • Austria is accredited to Namibia from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Namibia has an embassy in Vienna.
 Nigeria
  • Austria has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Vienna.
 Sao Tome and Principe 3 May 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 1993[17]
 Seychelles 12 January 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1977[18]
 Sierra Leone 1 March 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 March 1975[19]
 South Africa
  • Austria has an embassy in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has an embassy in Vienna.
 Sudan 24 January 1956 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 January 1956[20]
 Tunisia
  • Austria has an embassy in Tunis.
  • Tunisia has an embassy in Vienna.
 Uganda
  • Austria is accredited to Uganda from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Uganda is accredited to Austria from its embassy in Berlin, Germany and an honorary consulate in Vienna.

Americas
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Argentina1864 See Argentina–Austria relations
  • Argentina has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Austria has an embassy in Buenos Aires.
 Bahamas 23 October 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 October 1978[21]
 Belize1989
  • Austria is accredited to Belize from its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.
 Bolivia
  • Austria is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Lima, Peru.
  • Bolivia has an embassy in Vienna.
 BrazilSee Austria–Brazil relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
  • Brazil has an embassy in Vienna.
 Canada9 August 1952 See Austria–Canada relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 August 1952[22]

  • Permanent embassies were exchanged in 1958.
  • Austria has an embassy in Ottawa.
  • Canada has an embassy in Vienna.
 Chile1846 See Austria–Chile relations
 Colombia1920see Austria–Colombia relations
  • Austria has an embassy Bogotá.
  • Colombia has an embassy in Vienna.
 Cuba
  • Austria has an embassy in Havana.
  • Cuba has an embassy in Vienna.
 Dominica
  • Austria is accredited to Dominica from its embassy in Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Dominica does not have an accreditation to Austria.
 El Salvador
  • Austria is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.
  • El Salvador has an embassy in Vienna.
 Grenada
  • Austria is accredited to Grenada from its embassy in Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Grenada does not have an accreditation to Austria.
 Haiti
  • Austria is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
  • Haiti is accredited to Austria from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland.
 Honduras
  • Austria is accredited to Honduras from its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.
  • Honduras has an embassy in Vienna.
 Jamaica
  • Austria is accredited to Jamaica from its embassy in Ottawa, Canada.
  • Jamaica is accredited to Austria from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland.
 Mexico1842See Austria–Mexico relations

During the French intervention in Mexico between 1864 and 1867, with French backing Maximilian I of Mexico, member of Austria's Imperial Habsburg-Lorraine family was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico.

  • Austria has an embassy in Mexico City.
  • Mexico has an embassy in Vienna.
 Paraguay
  • Austria is accredited to Paraguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Paraguay has an embassy in Vienna.
 Peru
  • Austria has an embassy in Lima, and honorary consulates in Cuzco, Trujillo, Iquitos, and Arequipa.
  • Peru has an embassy in Vienna, and consulates in Innsbruck and Salzburg.[23]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 29 October 1990 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 October 1990[24]
 Suriname 3 May 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 1977[25]
 United States1921See Austria–United States relations
 UruguaySee Austria–Uruguay relations
  • Austria is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Vienna.
 Venezuela
  • Austria is accredited to Venezuela from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Vienna.

Asia
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Armenia24 January 1992 See Armenia–Austria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 January 1992[26]

  • Austria is accredited to Armenia from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Vienna and maintains an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Armenia has and embassy in Vienna.
  • Austria has recognized the Armenian genocide in 2015.
 Azerbaijan20 February 1992 See Austria–Azerbaijan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 1992[27]

  • Austria has an embassy in Baku.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Vienna.
 Bahrain 18 May 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 May 1975[28]
 China28 May 1971 See Austria–China relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 1971

 Georgia25 March 1992See Austria–Georgia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 March 1992[29]

Georgia opened its embassy in Vienna in 1996.[30]

  • Austria has an embassy in Tbilisi.
  • Georgia has an embassy in Vienna.
 India1949See Austria–India relations
  • Austria has an embassy in New Delhi.
  • India has an embassy in Vienna.
 IranSee Austria–Iran relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Tehran.
  • Iran has an embassy in Vienna.
  • On July 3, 2018, Austria announced it was revoking the diplomatic immunity of an Iranian diplomat in Vienna, due to his alleged role in a French bomb plot.[31]
 Iraq
  • Austria is accredited to Iraq from its embassy in Amman, Jordan.
  • Iraq has an embassy in Vienna.
 Israel1949See Austria–Israel relations

See also History of the Jews in Austria.

 Japan1869-10See Austria–Japan relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Tokyo.
  • Japan has an embassy in Vienna.
 KazakhstanSee Austria–Kazakhstan relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Nur-Sultan.
  • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Vienna.
 Kyrgyzstan
  • Austria is accredited to Kyrgyzstan from its embassy in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
  • Kyrgyzstan has an embassy in Vienna.
 Lebanon
  • Austria has an embassy in Beirut.
  • Lebanon has an embassy in Vienna.
 Malaysia1962-08-06See Austria–Malaysia relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
  • Malaysia has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Malaysia is one of Austria's most important trading partners in Southeast Asia.[32]
 North Korea1974[33]
  • Austria is accredited to North Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • North Korea has an embassy in Vienna.
 Oman 19 December 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1973[34]
 Pakistan1956 See Austria–Pakistan relations

Relations between the two countries are generally friendly. The diplomatic ties between Pakistan and Austria were established in 1956 when Pakistan formally recognized Austria.

  • Austria also has an embassy in Islamabad.
  • Pakistan has an embassy in Vienna.
 Philippines1946-10-17 See Austria–Philippines relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Manila
  • Philippines has an embassy in Vienna.
 Qatar 5 March 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 March 1973[35]
 Saudi Arabia10 September 1957See Austria–Saudi Arabia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 1957[36]

  • Both countries had diplomatic contact since July 7, 1880, with the opening of an Austrian consulate in Jeddah (then under Ottoman occupation).
  • Austria has an embassy in Riyadh
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Vienna.
 South Korea1892 As Chosun Dynasty/1963-05-22[37] See Austria–South Korea relations

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Austria in German (Republik Österreich) and the Republic of Korea in Korean (대한민국) Started on 1892. In April 2007 the President of Austria Heinz Fischer paid a state visit to South Korea. It was the first ever state visit of an Austrian President to South Korea.[38]

  • Austria has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Vienna.
 TurkeySee Austria–Turkey relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate-general in Istanbul.
  • Turkey has an embassy in Vienna and consulates-general in Bregenz and Salzburg.
 United Arab Emirates10 March 1974Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 March 1974[39]
  • Austria has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Vienna.
 VietnamSee Austria–Vietnam relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Vienna.
 Yemen See Austria–Yemen relations

Europe
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Albania1912 See Albania–Austria relations

Austria-Hungary supported Albanian Declaration of Independence in 1912.

 Andorra 20 March 1995 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 March 1995[40]
 Belarus1992-02
  • Austria has an embassy in Minsk.
  • Belarus has an embassy in Vienna.
 Belgium1833
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Austria has an embassy in Sarajevo.
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina has an embassy in Vienna.
 Bulgaria1878 See Austria–Bulgaria relations
 Croatia1992-01-15See Austria–Croatia relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Zagreb.
  • Croatia has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Cyprus1960 See Austria–Cyprus relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Nicosia.
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
  • Austria was one of the first countries that participated in the United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus
  • Austria actively supports Republic of Cyprus over the Turkish occupation of the island.
 Czech Republic1920-01-20See Austria–Czech Republic relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Vienna.

Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share 362 km of common border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control due to the Schengen Agreement.

 Denmark1925-12-19See Austria–Denmark relations
 Estonia1921-06-26
  • After the Soviet occupation, Austria re-recognised Estonia on August 28, 1991. Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on January 8, 1992.
  • Austria has an embassy in Tallinn.
  • Estonia has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Finland1918-07-19 See Austria–Finland relations
  • Austria recognized Finland on January 13, 1918.
  • Austria has an embassy in Helsinki.
  • Finland has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 France1535 See Austria–France relations
  • Both countries have diplomatic relations since the Middle Ages.
  • Austria has an embassy in Paris and a consulate-general in Strasbourg.
  • France has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 GermanySee Austria–Germany relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Berlin and a consulate-general in Munich.
  • Germany has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 GreeceSee Austria–Greece relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Athens.
  • Greece has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
  Holy See
  • Austria has an embassy to the Holy See in Rome.
  • Holy See has an apostolic nunciature in Vienna.
 Hungary1921See Austria–Hungary relations
  • Both countries have a long common history since the ruling dynasty of Austria, the Habsburgs, inherited the Hungarian throne in the 16th century. Both were part of the now-defunct Austro-Hungarian Monarchy from 1867 to 1918.
  • Austria has an embassy in Budapest.
  • Hungary has an embassy in Vienna and a consulate-general in Innsbruck.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Iceland1928
  • Austria is accredited to Iceland from its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark and has an honorary consulate in Reykjavík.
  • Iceland is accredited to Austria from its embassy in Berlin, Germany and maintains an honorary consulate in Vienna.
 Ireland1951
  • Austria has an embassy in Dublin.
  • Ireland has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 ItalySee Austria–Italy relations
  • The Italian regions of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Lombardy, Trentino, Veneto, and South Tyrol were part of the Austrian Empire.
  • Austria has an embassy in Rome and a consulate-general in Milan.
  • Italy has an embassy in Vienna and a consulate in Innsbruck.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Kosovo2008 See Austria–Kosovo relations
  • Austria recognized Kosovo on 28 February 2008.
  • Austria has an embassy in Pristina.
  • Kosovo has an embassy in Vienna.
 Latvia1921-02-17
  • Austria has an embassy in Riga.
  • Latvia has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Liechtenstein
  • Austria is accredited to Liechtenstein from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Vienna and maintains an honorary consulate in Vaduz.
  • Liechtenstein has an embassy in Vienna.
 Lithuania1991
  • Austria is accredited to Lithuania from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Vienna and maintains an honorary consulate in Vilnius.[42]
  • Lithuania has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Luxembourg1792
 Malta
  • Austria is accredited to Malta from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Vienna and maintains an honorary consulate in Valletta.
  • Malta has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Moldova1992-03-25See Austria–Moldova relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Chișinău.
  • Moldova has an embassy in Vienna.
 Montenegro2006-07-12 See Austria–Montenegro relations
  • Austria recognized Montenegro on June 12, 2006.
  • Austria has an embassy in Podgorica.
  • Montenegro has an embassy in Vienna.
 Netherlands
  • Austria has an embassy in The Hague.
  • Netherlands have an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 North MacedoniaSee Austria–North Macedonia relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Skopje.
  • North Macedonia has an embassy in Vienna.
 Norway
  • Austria has an embassy in Oslo.
  • Norway has an embassy in Vienna.
 Poland1921 See Austria–Poland relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Warsaw and a consulate-general in Kraków.
  • Poland has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Portugal
  • Austria has an embassy in Lisbon.
  • Portugal has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Romania1878-09-22 See Austria–Romania relations
 RussiaSee Austria–Russia relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia has an embassy in Vienna and a consulate-general in Salzburg.
 Serbia1874See Austria–Serbia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1874.

 Slovakia1993
  • Austria has an embassy in Bratislava.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
  • Both countries share 91 km of common borders.
  • There are about 35.000 Slovak nationals living in Austria.
  • There are about 10.000 Austrians living in Slovakia.
 SloveniaSee Austria–Slovenia relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Ljubljana.
  • Slovenia has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 SpainSee Austria–Spain relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 SwedenSee Austria–Sweden relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 SwitzerlandSee Austria–Switzerland relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Vienna.
 TurkeySee Turkey in Asia Above
 Ukraine24 January 1992See Austria–Ukraine relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 January 1992[43]

 United Kingdom1799See Austria–United Kingdom relations
  • Austria has an embassy in London.
  • United Kingdom has an embassy in Vienna.

Oceania
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia1948
 Marshall Islands 1 March 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 March 1993[46]
 Nauru 9 November 2005 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 2005[47]
 New Zealand
  • Austria is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
  • New Zealand has an embassy in Vienna.
 Palau 1 December 2004 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 2004[48]
 Solomon Islands13 October 2005

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 October 2005[49]

 Tuvalu 23 March 2006 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 March 2006[50]
 Vanuatu 29 December 1986 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 December 1986[51]

See also

References
  1. Watson, Paul; Dahlburg, John-Thor (2000-02-05). "Austria's Far Right Is Sworn Into Office". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
  2. Daley, Suzanne (2000-09-13). "Europe Lifts Sanctions on Austria, but Vows Vigilance". The New York Times. Retrieved 2017-02-17.
  3. "U.S., Austria Normalize Ties as Reaction to Rightists Eases". Los Angeles Times. 2000-11-09. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
  4. "Diplomatic relations between Angola and Austria as of 25 Oct. 1977". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  5. Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 110.
  6. "Search for Austrian Representations – BMEIA, Außenministerium Österreich".
  7. "Burkina Faso – Österreichische Botschaft Dakar".
  8. Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa - Issues 1947-1953. By United States. Joint Publications Research Service. 1978. p. 35.
  9. "Island States". Austrian Embassy Nairobi. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  10. Österreichisches Jahrbuch (in German). Druck und Verlag der Österr. Staatsdruckerei. 1983. p. 241.
  11. Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 30.
  12. Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 111.
  13. Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 35.
  14. Michael Th Neugebauer (1992). Die österreichisch-afrikanischen Beziehungen seit 1955 Wirtschaft, Politik, Entwicklungspolitik, Kultur (in German). Böhlau. p. 109.
  15. Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1965. p. 435.
  16. "Diplomatic Relations Between Austria and Namibia as of 5 Oct. 1990". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
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  18. "Accreditation of New Ambassador of Austria to Seychelles". statehouse.gov.sc. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  19. West Africa - Volume 29, Part 1. West Africa Publishing Company, Limited. 1975. p. 377.
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  22. "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Canadian Global Affairs Institute. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
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  28. "BILATERAL RELATIONS". mofa.gov.bh. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  29. "CHRONOLOGY OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS". mfa.gov.ge. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  30. "Embassy of Georgia to Austria". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2009-06-11. Diplomatic relations between Georgia and Republic of Austria were established in 1992. Georgia opened its Embassy in Vienna in 1996. The relations between the two countries are close and friendly. Georgia appreciates Support of Austrian Government in different fields of bilateral relations. In addition the commercial and cultural ties are also very important, but do not reflect its full potential and has a big prospective to develop.
  31. "Austria To Lift Iranian Diplomat's Immunity Over Alleged Bomb Plot". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. July 3, 2018. Austria is stripping the immunity of an Iranian diplomat suspected of involvement in an alleged plot to bomb a meeting of exiled Iranian opposition groups in France.
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  33. "북한 오스트리아 수교 : 네이버 통합검색". Search.naver.com. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  34. ARR, Arab Report and Record. Economic Features, Limited. 1973. p. 5.
  35. ARR, Arab Report and Record, Issues 1-18; Issues 21-24. Arab Report and Record. 1973. p. 58.
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  37. "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe". Mofa.go.kr (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
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  42. Austrian embassy to Lithuania from Vienna
  43. "Politische Beziehungen zwischen der Ukraine und der Republik Österreich". Botschaft der Ukraine in der Republik Österreich (in German). Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  44. "Bilateral Relations between Austria and Australia". Austrian Embassy Canberra. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  45. "Austria-born" (PDF). Department of Immigration and Citizenship (Australia). Retrieved 19 November 2008.
  46. "Diplomatic Relations Between Austria and Marshall Islands as of 1 Mar. 1993". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  47. "Diplomatic Relations Between Austria and Nauru as of 9 Nov. 2005". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  48. "Diplomatic Relations Between Austria and Palau as of 1 Dec. 2004". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  49. "Diplomatic Relations Between Solomon Islands and Austria as of 13 Oct. 2005". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  50. "Diplomatic Relations Between Austria and Tuvalu as of 23 Mar. 2006". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  51. "Diplomatic Relations Between Vanuatu and Austria as of 29 Dec. 1986". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 6 May 2023.

Further reading
  • Horn, David Bayne. Great Britain and Europe in the eighteenth century (1967) covers 1603-1702; pp 111-43.
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