Comparison of the Turkic states
This article is a comparison of the Turkic states.
Sovereign Turkic States, with limitedly recognized Northern Cyprus (2).
Geography
Euler diagram showing the relationships among various supranational organisations in the territory of the Turkic countriesv • d • e
| Country | Area (km²) | Land area (km²) | Water area (km²) | EEZ (km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | 86,600 | 86,100 | 500 | 80,614[1] |
| Kazakhstan | 2,724,900 | 2,699,700 | 25,200 | 114,383[2] |
| Kyrgyzstan | 199,951 | 191,801 | 8,150 | N/A |
| Northern Cyprus[1] | 3,355 | No Data | ||
| Turkey | 783,562 | 769,632 | 13,930 | 262,233[3] |
| Turkmenistan | 488,100 | 469,930 | 18,170 | 61,226[4] |
| Uzbekistan | 447,400 | 425,400 | 22,000 | N/A |
- EEZ of Turkey includes Marmara, which is an internal sea and Black Sea, which is established with treaties. Agean and Mediterranean EEZs are calculated with median lines. Turkey's Mavi Vatan claims have 462,000 km² EEZ.
- EEZ of Caspian Sea includes treaty between Russia, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, other parts are calculated with median lines.
Politics
Government
| Country | Political systems | Power source | Power structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Semi-presidential system | Constitutional republic | Unitary state |
| Kazakhstan | Presidential system | Constitutional republic | |
| Kyrgyzstan | Presidential system | Constitutional republic | |
| Northern Cyprus[1] | Semi-presidential system | Constitutional republic | |
| Turkey | Presidential system | Constitutional republic | |
| Turkmenistan | Presidential system | Constitutional republic under a one-party authoritarian state (de facto)[5] | |
| Uzbekistan | Presidential system | Constitutional republic under an authoritarian state (de facto)[6] |
International organisation membership
| Country |  Council of Europe |
 NATO |
OECD |  UN |
 WTO |
 Organization Of Turkic States |
Türksoy |  EAEU |
 CIS |
SCO |  OIC |
ECO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | 2001 | 1994 (PfP) | See notes | 1992 | 1997 (Observer) | 2009 | 1993 | No | 1993 | 2008 (Dialog partner) | 1991 | 1992 |
| Kazakhstan | No | 1994 (PfP) | See notes | 1992 | 2015 | 2009 | 1993 | 2015 | 1994 | 1996 | 1995 | 1992 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2014 (Partner for democracy) | 1994 (PfP) | No | 1992 | 1998 | 2009 | 1993 | 2015 | 1994 | 1996 | 1992 | 1992 |
| Northern Cyprus[1] | 2004 (see notes) | No | No | No | No | 2022 (Observer) | 1993 (Observer) | No | No | No | 1979 (Observer) | 2014 (Observer) |
| Turkey | 1950 | 1952 | 1961 | 1945 | 1995 | 2009 | 1993 | No | No | 2012 (Dialog partner) | 1969 | 1985 (1964) |
| Turkmenistan | No | 1994 (PfP) | No | 1992 | 2020 (Observer) | 2021 (Observer) | 1993 | No | 2005 (Associate) | No | 1992 | 1992 |
| Uzbekistan | No | 1994 (PfP) | No | 1992 | 1994 (Observer) | 2019[7] | 1993 | 2020 (Observer) | 1994 | 2001 | 1995 | 1992 |
- Azerbaijan participates in International Transport Forum and Joint OECD/ITF Transport Research Committee and Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes.[8]
- Kazakhstan signed Memorandum of understanding on 21 December 2018. Participates as a member of the Development Centre and Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes.[9]
- Northern Cyprus has two representatives as "Turkish Cypriot Community" in PACE.
Freedom indices
| Country | Freedom in the World 2022[10] | 2022 Index of Economic Freedom[11] | 2022 Press Freedom Index[12] | 2021 Democracy Index[13] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Azerbaijan |
not free | moderately free | very serious situation | authoritarian regime |
 Kazakhstan |
not free | moderately free | difficult situation | authoritarian regime |
 Kyrgyzstan |
not free | mostly unfree | noticeable problems | authoritarian regime |
 Northern Cyprus[1] |
free | n/a | noticeable problems | n/a |
 Turkey |
not free | mostly unfree | difficult situation | hybrid regime |
 Turkmenistan |
not free | repressed | very serious situation | authoritarian regime |
 Uzbekistan |
not free | mostly unfree | difficult situation | authoritarian regime |
Economy
| Country | GDP total (PPP) | GDP per capita (PPP) | GDP total (nominal) | GDP per capita (nominal) | Gini | HDI | IHDI (2021) | Currency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | $160.7 billion | $15,843 | $54.62 billion | $5,384 | 26.6 | 0.745 | 0.685 | Azerbaijani manat |
| Kazakhstan | $543.5 billion | $28,600 | $190.8 billion | $10,041.5 | 27.8 | 0.811 | 0.755 | Kazakhstani tenge |
| Kyrgyzstan | $35.4 billion | $5,288 | $8.543 billion | $1,276.2 | 29 | 0.692 | 0.627 | Kyrgyzstani som |
| Northern Cyprus[1] | $ | $ | $4.234 billion | $11,129 | not recognized | Turkish lira | ||
| Turkey | $2,591 billion | $30,472 | $815.3 billion | $9,586.6 | 41.9 | 0.838 | 0.717 | Turkish lira |
| Turkmenistan | $96.23 billion | $16,194 | $45.23 billion | $7,612 | 40.8 | 0.745 | 0.619 | Turkmenistani manat |
| Uzbekistan | $296.7 billion | $8,497 | $69.24 billion | $1,983.1 | 35.3 | 0.727 | unknown | Uzbekistani soum |
Demographics
| Country | Population | Density (per km²) | Immigration (per 1000 people) (2022) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | 10,145,212 | 117 | 0[14] |
| Kazakhstan | 19,002,586 | 7 | 0.39[15] |
| Kyrgyzstan | 6,694,200 | 33 | -4.87[16] |
| Northern Cyprus[1] | 390,745 | 116 | |
| Turkey | 85,279,553 | 109 | -1.54[17] |
| Turkmenistan | 6,117,933 | 13 | -1.71[5] |
| Uzbekistan | 34,915,100 | 78 | -1.78[6] |
Telecommunication
| Country | Internet TLD | ISO 3166 code | Calling code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | .az | AZ | +994 |
| Kazakhstan | .kz .қаз | KZ | +7-6xx, +7-7xx +997 (future)[18] |
| Kyrgyzstan | .kg | KG | +996 |
| Northern Cyprus[1] | None, uses .nc.tr or .ct.tr | None | +90 392 |
| Turkey | .tr | TR | +90 |
| Turkmenistan | .tm | TM | +993 |
| Uzbekistan | .uz | UZ | +998 |
See also
References
^ 1: Only recognized by Turkey
- "Marine Regions (Azerbaijan)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- "Marine Regions (Kazakhstan)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- "Marine Regions (Turkey)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- "Marine Regions (Turkmenistan)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- "Central Asia :: Turkmenistan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- "Central Asia :: Uzbekistan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- "STATEMENT OF THE SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE TURKIC COUNCIL ON THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AT THE TURKIC COUNCIL | News". Türk Keneşi. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
- "Countries - OECD Eurasia Regional Platform". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- "Countries - OECD Eurasia Regional Platform". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- Archived 2020-10-03 at the Wayback Machine, Freedom House, March 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- Heritage Foundation (2021). "Country Rankings". 2021 Index of Economic Freedom. Archived from the original on 2017-09-16. Retrieved 2014-08-07.
- "Press Freedom Index 2022" Archived 2015-10-30 at the Wayback Machine, Reporters Without Borders, May 2022.
- Archived 2021-03-03 at the Wayback Machine, Economist, January 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- "Azerbaijan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 17 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "Kazakhstan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 15 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "Kyrgyzstan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 15 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 16 May 2022. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "Turkic Weekly 2021/245" (PDF). TWESCO. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
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