Foreign relations of Kosovo

Foreign relations of Kosovo are accomplished by efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. Kosovo operates 33 embassies abroad and is host to 22 embassies in Pristina. Kosovo has membership in several international organisations.

On 17 February 2008, members of the Assembly of Kosovo declared independence from Serbia. This move was controversial among the international community. International supervision over the direction of the assembly ended in September 2012,[1] and Kosovo became responsible for its own governance.[2] The Republic of Kosovo has been recognised by 118 UN member states, the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Cook Islands, and Niue. Serbia and other member states consider Kosovo as an autonomous region of Serbia.

The current Foreign Minister of Kosovo is Donika Gërvalla-Schwarz.

Status of diplomatic relations

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo has initiated the process of establishing diplomatic relations with all states that have recognised Republic of Kosovo, either by opening new missions or through accreditation of non-resident ambassadors to these countries.[3]

Countries which Kosovo maintains diplomatic relations with
Country Establishment
of
Diplomatic
Relations[4]
Status of
Diplomatic
Mission
in Kosovo[5]
Status of
Diplomatic
Mission
in the country[6]
Notes
 Afghanistan17 June 2013
 Antigua and Barbuda[7]24 July 2019
 Albania18 February 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Albania–Kosovo relations
 Andorra14 September 2011
 Australia21 May 2008 Embassy Australia–Kosovo relations
 Austria28 February 2008EmbassyEmbassy Austria–Kosovo relations
 Bahrain12 March 2014
 Bangladesh[8]16 February 2018Embassy [9][10]
 Barbados[11]9 March 2018
 Belgium10 April 2008 Liaison office Embassy Belgium–Kosovo relations
 Belize29 April 2016
 Brunei20 February 2017
 Bulgaria27 May 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Bulgaria–Kosovo relations
 Burkina Faso6 December 2012
 Canada7 April 2009 Embassy
 Chad[12] 27 May 2018
 Cook Islands28 May 2015
 Colombia[13][14] 1 October 2019 Embassy (to open) [15] Colombia–Kosovo relations
 Costa Rica23 September 2013
 Croatia30 June 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Croatia–Kosovo relations
 Czech Republic16 June 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Czech Republic–Kosovo relations
 Denmark6 March 2008 Liaison officeConsulate Denmark–Kosovo relations
 Djibouti19 March 2013
 El Salvador10 October 2014
 Estonia24 April 2008 Estonia–Kosovo relations
 Fiji13 February 2013
 Finland2 February 2009 Embassy Finland–Kosovo relations
 France18 February 2008 EmbassyEmbassy [fr] France–Kosovo relations
 Gabon19 March 2014
 Gambia22 September 2016
 Germany20 February 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Germany–Kosovo relations
 Guinea[16]Before 20 February 2020
 Guinea-Bissau[17]Before 19 June 2018
 Guyana13 June 2016
 Honduras2 December 2010
 Hungary27 June 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Hungary–Kosovo relations
 Iceland15 May 2012
 Ireland11 November 2008 Ireland–Kosovo relations
 Israel[18]1 February 2021EmbassyEmbassy Israel–Kosovo relations
 Italy15 May 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Italy–Kosovo relations
 Ivory Coast24 August 2016
 Japan25 February 2009 Embassy Embassy [ja] Japan–Kosovo relations
 Jordan5 June 2013
 Kuwait16 January 2013
 Latvia11 June 2008 Kosovo–Latvia relations
 Liberia[19] 27 May 2018 Embassy (to open)[20]
 Libya5 May 2014
 Liechtenstein28 June 2012 Kosovo–Liechtenstein relations
 Lithuania1 September 2008 Embassy Kosovo–Lithuania relations
 Luxembourg16 June 2008 Embassy
 Malawi21 July 2016
 Malaysia23 March 2011 Kosovo–Malaysia relations
 Maldives16 April 2009 Kosovo–Maldives relations
 Malta22 September 2011
 Marshall Islands28 October 2013
 Mauritania14 September 2010
 Federated States of Micronesia19 September 2013
 Monaco19 March 2008
 Montenegro15 January 2010 EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–Montenegro relations
 Netherlands27 June 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–Netherlands relations
 New Zealand9 November 2009
 Niger25 January 2013
 Niue23 June 2015
 North Macedonia18 October 2009 EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–North Macedonia relations
 Norway25 October 2008 EmbassyEmbassy [no] Kosovo–Norway relations
 Pakistan27 January 2013 Liaison office Kosovo-Pakistan relations
 Panama28 August 2013 Embassy
 Portugal14 November 2011 Embassy [21][22] Kosovo-Portugal relations
 Qatar7 January 2011 Embassy
 Saint Kitts and Nevis4 March 2016
 Saint Lucia19 August 2011
 Samoa10 March 2017
 San Marino3 May 2012
 Saudi Arabia7 August 2009 Embassy Kosovo–Saudi Arabia relations
 Senegal14 February 2014Embassy[23]
 Singapore1 December 2016 Kosovo–Singapore relations
 Slovenia15 May 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–Slovenia relations
 Somalia28 May 2015
 Sweden28 March 2008 Embassy Embassy [sv] Kosovo–Sweden relations
 Switzerland28 March 2008 EmbassyEmbassy [fr] Kosovo–Switzerland relations
 Tanzania2 February 2014 Embassy (to open) [9]
 Thailand22 November 2013 Embassy [24][25][26] Kosovo–Thailand relations
 Timor-Leste9 March 2022 East Timor–Kosovo relations
 Turkey18 February 2008 EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–Turkey relations
 Tuvalu[27]2016
 United Arab Emirates27 April 2010 Embassy [24] Kosovo–United Arab Emirates relations
 United Kingdom18 February 2008EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–United Kingdom relations
 United States18 February 2008EmbassyEmbassy Kosovo–United States relations
 Vanuatu19 May 2014

Membership in international organisations

Enver Hoxhaj, Kosovo's Minister of Foreign Affairs during 2011–14 and 2016–17, stated in November 2013 that the country was considering making applications for membership in three United Nations specialized agencies in the first half of 2013,[28] and that an application for membership of the Council of Europe in 2014 was being prepared.[29] Deputy Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi reiterated the state's desire to join in December 2014.[30] Kosovo is also preparing a membership application for the World Trade Organization.[31] Joining NATO's Partnership for Peace is a priority of the government.[32]

Hoxhaj said in 2014 that Kosovo's goal is to be a full UN member state by 2020 and a NATO member state by 2022.[33][34]

On 15 December 2022 Kosovo filed a formal application to become a member of the European Union.[35]

International Organisation Political Entity Represented Application date Admission date Status
Before the Declaration of the Independence
Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)[36] Kosovo*[37][38][39] Member[40]
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) UNMIK Observer[41]
South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO) Kosovo* and UNMIK[42][43] 11 June 2004[44] Member
Energy Community Kosovo*[45][46] 1 July 2006 Member
European Common Aviation Area (ECAA) UNMIK 30 November 2006 Member
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) UNMIK 6 April 2006 26 July 2007[47] Member
After the Declaration of the Independence
International Monetary Fund (IMF) Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[48] 29 June 2009[49] Member
World Bank (WB) Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[50] 29 June 2009[51] Member
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ERBD) Republic of Kosovo[52] 2010 or 2009[53] 17 December 2012[54] Member
Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB) Republic of Kosovo 14 June 2013[55] Member
Council of Bureaux (CoBx) Republic of Kosovo 2011[56] Applicant
Adriatic Charter Republic of Kosovo 29 March 2012[57] Applicant
NATO Partnership for Peace (PfP) Republic of Kosovo July 2012[58] Applicant
Council of Europe Venice Commission Republic of Kosovo 13 June 2014 Member
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Republic of Kosovo[59] 29 November 2014[60] Observer
South-East European Cooperation Process (SEECP) Kosovo*[61] 23 May 2015[62] Member
Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units Republic of Kosovo 1 February 2017[63] Member
World Customs Organization (WCO) Republic of Kosovo 3 March 2017[64] Member
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Republic of Kosovo 6 November 2015[65] 5 January 2016[66][67] Member
European Qualifications Framework Advisory Group (EQF) Republic of Kosovo 18 December 2015[68][69][70] Member
International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) Republic of Kosovo April 2015[71] Applicant
Bureau of International Expositions (BIE) Republic of Kosovo 18 March 2017[72] Member
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) (Observer status) Republic of Kosovo 5 May 2018[73][74] Applicant
Assemblée parlementaire de la francophonie (APF) Republic of Kosovo 9 July 2018[75][76] Observer
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) (Associate status) Republic of Kosovo 9 October 2018[77] 11 October 2018[78] Associate

Names used to represent Kosovo

Map of the Republic of Kosovo

Kosovo is represented under the name:

  • "Republic of Kosovo";
  • "Kosovo*" (with an asterisk),

depending on the particular international forum. A list is set out above. The name "Republic of Kosovo" is self-explanatory and is the preferred nomenclature of the Pristina Government. The name "Kosovo*" with an asterisk is used in other fora. Where this name is used, the asterisk is linked to a footnote which reads:

This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 as an autonomous teritory [sic?] of Serbia and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.

This "Kosovo*" designation was the outcome of an arrangement agreed to between Pristina and Belgrade in talks mediated by the European Union. This arrangement, which has been dubbed the "asterisk agreement" was agreed in an 11-point arrangement agreed on 24 February 2012.[79]

"UNMIK" is an acronym for the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, which has joined several organizations on behalf of Kosovo.

International treaties and conventions

International treaty or convention Political Entity Represented Signature Ratification
Free Trade Agreement with Albania UNMIK 7 July 2003[80] 1 October 2003[81]
Free Trade Agreement with North Macedonia UNMIK 2 February 2006[81]
Free Trade Agreement with Croatia UNMIK 28 September 2006[81] 1 November 2006[81][82]
Free Trade Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina UNMIK 19 October 2006[81] 1 December 2006[81][82]
EU Pan-EURO-MED RoO convention[83] Kosovo under UNSCR 1244

See also

References

  1. "Ending of supervised independence 10 September 2012". International Civilian Office. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  2. "Sixteenth and final meeting of the International Steering Group for Kosovo" (PDF). International Civilian Office. 10 September 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  3. Kosova and Liechtenstein to establish diplomatic relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-06-28
  4. Gëzim Visoka (2018). Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 219–221. ISBN 9781138285330.
  5. "Foreign Missions in Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo.
  6. "Embassies of the Republic of Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo.
  7. "Antigua And Kosovo Sign Visa Waiver Agreement, Establishes Diplomatic Relations". Antigua News Room. 24 July 2019.
  8. "Bangladesh, Kosovo establish diplomatic ties". Daily Sun. 18 February 2018. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  9. "Behgjet Pacolli🇽🇰 on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
  10. "Embassy of Kosovo in Dhaka Bangladesh".
  11. "Foreign Minister Pacolli: I welcome the establishment of diplomatic relations between Kosovo and Barbados, while we will continue the same practice with all peaceful countries". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 9 March 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. "Le ministre Haradinaj - Stublla félicite le peuple du Tchad à l'occasion du Jour de l'Indépendance". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo (in French). Retrieved 27 July 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. Pacolli, Behgjet (2019-03-02). "Following the meeting w/ #Colombia @CancilleriaCol FM @CarlosHolmesTru last month, #Kosovo and #Colombia have established diplomatic relations by exchanging Amb. #Kosovo will open its resident Emb in Bogota and #Colombia will appoint non-res Amb from Italy. Great coop ahead!pic.twitter.com/4fCHsLlpDe". @pacollibehgjet. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
  14. "DECRETO NÚMERO 1762 DE 1 OCT 2019" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 July 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. "Behgjet Pacolli🇽🇰 on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2019-03-10.
  16. President Thaçi received the letters of credence of the non-residential Ambassador of Guinea to Kosovo 2020-02-20
  17. MFA KS. "Republika e Kosovës akrediton ambasador në Republikën Guinea Bissau". Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  18. "Israel and Kosovo establish diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel. 1 February 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  19. "Behgjet Pacolli🇽🇰 on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2018-05-27.
  20. "Pacolli takoi presidentin e Liberisë, George Weah, Liberia do të hap Ambasadë në Kosovë". Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo. Retrieved 2018-06-29.
  21. Kryeziu, Ylber (2019-01-08). "First official meeting in Lisbon with Amb. Mendonça e Moura, SG of the Foreign Ministry of Portugal, an old friend and colleague from New York. Pleased with a very productive meeting and moving one step closer to functioning as the First Embassy of Kosovo in Lisbon". @YlberKryeziu. Retrieved 2019-01-09.
  22. Lisbon, Kosovo Embassy (2019-01-05). "Olá Lisboa! Follow us for the latest news and updates from Lisbon as we are working to establish the first Embassy of the Republic of Kosovo to Portugal". @KosovoInLisbon. Retrieved 2019-01-09.
  23. "Ambasadori i Republikës së Kosovës në Senegal dorëzoi kopjen e kredencialeve tek ministri i Jashtëm senegalez - Lajme nga Ambasada - Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme - Ambasada e..." Archived from the original on 2017-11-13. Retrieved 2017-11-13.
  24. "Kosova bëhet me ambasada në Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe, Senegal dhe Tajlandë - lajme.infosite.al". lajme.infosite.al (in Albanian). Archived from the original on 2017-03-21. Retrieved 2017-03-20.
  25. Kosovo 🇽🇰, M. F. A. (2018-12-25). "#Kosovo diplomatic footprint is expanding. Today the Embassy of Kosovo in Bangkok @RKSinThailand started its work in the 5th anniversary of establishment of diplomatic relations btw -. Chargé d'affaires @MBrajshori had the first meetings @MFAThai". @MFAKOSOVO. Retrieved 2018-12-27.
  26. Thailand, Kosovo in (2018-12-25). "Today the @RKSinThailand Embassy in Bangkok started its work. Chargé d'affaires @MBrajshori had a meeting with @MFAThai DG Krishnamra in regards to issues related to the functioning of the @RKSinThailand in Bangkok and the excellent bilateral relations.pic.twitter.com/M5ZBzxPSmi". @RKSinThailand. Retrieved 2018-12-27.
  27. "Europe". Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  28. "Hoxhaj: 2013, vit i suksesshëm i politikës së jashtme". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2013-11-20. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
  29. "Hoxhaj: Kosova e gatshme për aplikim kredibil në Këshillin e Evropës". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-01-15. Retrieved 2014-01-19.
  30. "Zëvendëskryeministri i parë dhe Ministri i Jashtëm Thaçi u takua me Sekretarin e Përgjithshëm të Këshillit të Evropës, Jagland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-12-17. Retrieved 2014-12-22.
  31. "Kosovo Ministry of Trade to apply to WTO". 2015-03-13. Archived from the original on 2015-03-25. Retrieved 2015-03-23.
  32. Thaçi, Hashim. "Prioritetet e reja të Politikës së Jashtme të Kosovës". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo.
  33. "Hoxhaj në Pejë, Kosova në OKB deri më 2020 (Video)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-05-15. Retrieved 2014-05-16.
  34. "Hoxhaj në Mitrovicë, Kosova anëtarësohet në NATO para 2022". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-05-16. Retrieved 2014-05-16.
  35. "Kosovo formally applies for EU membership". Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  36. Formerly the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe
  37. Before 28 February 2013 membership was assigned to the UNMIK.
  38. "Hoxhaj: Anëtarësimi në RCC, historik për Kosovën". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  39. "Regional Cooperation Council – News archive". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  40. "Regional Cooperation Council – Structure". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  41. SECI observers Archived 2012-04-14 at the Wayback Machine
  42. Before 2013 only the UNMIK.
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  44. "SEETO – South-east Europe Transport Observatory". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  45. Before April 2013 membership was assigned to the UNMIK.
  46. "Parties". Archived from the original on 30 May 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
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  48. "Statement on Membership of the Republic of Kosovo in the IMF" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. 2008-07-15. Retrieved 2009-06-29. On July 10, 2008, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) received an application for admission to membership in the IMF from the Republic of Kosovo.
  49. "Kosovo Becomes the International Monetary Fund's 186th Member" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. 2009-06-29. Retrieved 2009-06-29. The Republic of Kosovo became the 186th member of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) today when President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi signed the IMF's original Articles of Agreement at a ceremony in Washington D.C.
  50. "Kosovo Application for Membership in World Bank" (Press release). World Bank. 2008-07-15. Archived from the original on May 20, 2015. Retrieved 2009-06-29. In the letter dated July 10, 2008, Kosovo applied for membership in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes.
  51. "Kosovo Joins World Bank Group Institutions" (Press release). World Bank. 2009-06-29. Archived from the original on 2015-05-20. Retrieved 2009-06-29. The Republic of Kosovo became the newest member of the five World Bank Group institutions today, when Kosovar President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi signed the Articles of Agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD).
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