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Door of the Theses in Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

The Ninety-five Theses or Disputation on the Power of Indulgences (Latin: Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum) are a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther, professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg, Germany, that started the Protestant Reformation, a schism in the Catholic Church which profoundly changed Europe. They advance Luther's positions against what he saw as abusive practices by preachers selling plenary indulgences, which were certificates believed to reduce the temporal punishment for sins committed by the purchasers themselves or their loved ones in purgatory. In the Theses, Luther claimed that the repentance required by Christ in order for sins to be forgiven involves inner spiritual repentance rather than merely external sacramental confession. He argued that indulgences lead Christians to avoid true repentance and sorrow for sin, believing that they can forgo it by purchasing an indulgence. They also, according to Luther, discourage Christians from giving to the poor and performing other acts of mercy, believing that indulgence certificates were more spiritually valuable. Though Luther claimed that his positions on indulgences accorded with those of the pope, the Theses challenge a fourteenth-century papal bull stating that the pope could use the treasury of merit and the good deeds of past saints to forgive temporal punishment for sins. The Theses are framed as propositions to be argued in debate rather than necessarily representing Luther's opinions, but Luther later clarified his views in the Explanations of the Disputation Concerning the Value of Indulgences. More...

Eduard Bucher

• 1820 – Execution of radical liberal student Karl Ludwig Sand, the murderer of August von Kotzebue
• 1860 – Birth of chemist Eduard Buchner, winner of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• 1896 – Death of pianist Clara Schumann
• 1921 – Birth of author and playwright Wolfgang Borchert
• 1961 – Death of World War II ace Josef Priller

• ... that the 2018 Te Deum for choir by Peter Reulein uses the same instruments including a bandoneon as Palmeri's Misatango, and is inspired by tango, habanera and huapango?
• ... that German president Joachim Gauck, a former Lutheran pastor, visited St. Francis Cathedral in Xi'an, China, 300 years after construction began?
• ... that respected travelling bandleader Otto Schwarz and his Bavarian String Band were interned in Douglas, Isle of Man, during World War I?
• ... that Heinz Schwarz attended all CDU party conventions from the first ever in 1950 to 2020?
• ... that Arthur Arndt's family was the largest known group of Jews to successfully hide in Germany during the Holocaust?
• ... that Weltdeutsch was a proposal for a German-based language by Nobel-Prize laureate and pacifist Wilhelm Ostwald, created in an episode of chauvinistic fervour?
• ... that there was only one Friedrichshafen FF.1 aircraft and it was destroyed in a crash?
• ... that Maria Stromberger was sent to Auschwitz at her own request?

Sauerbraten served with Kartoffelklöße (potato dumplings) is a German Dish.

Sauerbraten is a traditional German roast of heavily marinated meat. It is regarded as a national dish of Germany, and is frequently served in German-style restaurants internationally. It can be prepared from a variety of meats, most often from beef, but also from venison, lamb and mutton, pork and horse. Before cooking, the raw meat is marinated for three to ten days in a mixture of vinegar or wine, water, herbs, spices, and seasonings. Usually, tougher cuts of meat, such as rump roast or bottom round of beef, are used, and the long marinating tenderizes the meat. A Sauerbraten dinner is almost always accompanied by a hearty gravy resulting from its roasting and is most often served with potato pancakes (Kartoffelpuffer), potato dumplings (Kartoffelklöße), or Spätzle.