Emperor Meiji
Mutsuhito or Emperor Meiji (Japanese ; 明治天皇, Meiji-tennō, 3 November 1852–30 July 1912) was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession.[1] His reign lasted from 1867 until his death in 1912.[2] He was Emperor of the Empire of Japan from 1867-1912 he was leader of Japan in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895),the Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) being rivals with the Qing dynasty and the Russian Empire and European Powers . He was involved in the Boxer Rebellion to stop Qing Empress Dowager Cixi . Emperor Meiji allied with Russia,(led by Nicholas II) Germany (led by Kaiser Wilhelm II),,Austria-Hungary,(led by Franz Joseph I of Austria),France,(led by Félix Faure and Émile Loubet),Britain (led by Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury) and the United states of america (led by William McKinley) to help General Yuan Shikai in the Boxer Rebellion from 1899-1901 . He was also involved in the Philippine-American War in 1899-1902 along with Emperor Wilhelm II before the Russo-Japanese War in 1904 . He was Emperor of Japan (1867-1912),Taiwan (1895-1912) and Korea (1910-1912) .
Meiji | |
---|---|
Emperor of Japan | |
![]() Emperor Meiji in 1888 | |
Reign | 3 February 1867–30 July 1912 (45 years, 178 days) |
Predecessor | Kōmei |
Successor | Taishō |
Born | Mutsuhito 3 November 1852 Kyoto,Empire Of Japan |
Died | 30 July 1912 59) Tokyo,Empire Of Japan (Today ; Japan) | (aged
Burial | Mozu no Mimihara no naka no misasagi (Osaka) |
Events of Meiji's life
Meiji's reign was marked by many changes including the move of the Imperial court from Kyoto to Tokyo.
Timeline 1852-1912
A timeline of major events includes:
- 1852 (Kaei 5): A son called Sachinomiya is born to Emperor Kōmei
- 1860 (Ansei 7): Sachinomiya becomes official heir and his personal name (imina) becomes Mutsuhito.
- 1867 (Keiō 3): Kōmei dies and the responsibility of the throne passes to Crown Prince Mutsuhito.[3]
- 1868 (Meiji 1): Official beginning of the emperor's reign[2] and Japanese era name becomes the first year of Meiji.[4]
- 1869 (meiji 2): Marriage to Ichijo Haruko, who becomes Empress Shoken.[5]
- 1879 (meiji 12): Prince Yoshihito (the future Taisho Tenno) is born.[6]


- 1889 (Meiji 22): Meiji Constitution is proclaimed
- 1894 (Meiji 27): Sino-Japanese War
- 1899-1901 Boxer Rebellion
- 1904–1905 (Meiji 37-38):: Russo-Japanese War
- 1912 (Meiji 45): The emperor dies
After death
He died in Tokyo. A detailed account of the state funeral in the New York Times concluded with an observation: "The contrast between that which preceded the funeral car and that which followed it was striking indeed. Before it went old Japan; after it came new Japan."[7]
The spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife are honored at the Meiji Shrine (明治神宮, Meiji Jingū) in Tokyo.[8]
Honors
- Order of the Garter, 1906[9]
Related pages
References
- Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), 明治天皇 (122). Retrieved 2011-10-16.
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric et al. (2002). "Traditional order of Tennō" in Japan encyclopedia, pp. 962-963.
- Nussbaum, "Kōmei Tennō" at p. 553.
- Nussbaum, "Meiji" at p. 624.
- Nussbaum, "Meiji Tennō" at p. 624.
- Nussbaum, "Taishō Tennō" at p. 929.
- "The Funeral Ceremonies of Meiji Tenno" reprinted from the Japan Advertiser [Article 8—No Title], The New York Times. 13 October 1912. Retrieved 2011-10-16.
- Japan-guide.com, "Meiji Shrine"; Meiji jingū, "Introduction". Retrieved 2012-6-13.
- "The Mikado's Garter," The New York Times. 28 July 1906. Retrieved 2011-10-16.
Further reading
- Jansen, Marius. (1995). The Emergence of Meiji Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521482387; ISBN 9780521484053; OCLC 31515308
- Keene, Donald. (2002). Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231123402; OCLC 46731178
Other websites
Media related to Meiji Emperor at Wikimedia Commons
Preceded by Emperor Kōmei |
Emperor of Japan Meiji 1867-1912 |
Succeeded by Emperor Taishō |