1300s (decade)

The 1300s was a decade of the Julian Calendar that began on 1 January 1300 and ended on 31 December 1309.

Millennium
2nd millennium
Centuries
Decades
  • 1280s
  • 1290s
  • 1300s
  • 1310s
  • 1320s
Years
  • 1300
  • 1301
  • 1302
  • 1303
  • 1304
  • 1305
  • 1306
  • 1307
  • 1308
  • 1309
Categories
  • Births
  • Deaths
  • By country
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments

Events

1300

1301

January– March

April– June

July– September

October– December

By place
Middle East
  • Spring – Sultan Osman I calls for a military campaign to strike deep into Byzantine Bithynia. During the campaign, Ottoman forces capture the towns of İnegöl and Yenişehir. The later town will be transformed into a capital city, as Osman moves his administration and personal household within its walls. By the end of the year, Ottoman forces begin blockading the major Byzantine city of Nicaea.[7]

1302

1303

January–March

April–June
  • April 4 – Battle of Arques: Flemish forces (some 10,000 men) led by William of Jülich ("the Younger") defeats a French army at Arques in Flanders. During the battle, the French cavalry (1,600 men) tries to break the Flemish infantry militia formations, but to no avail. Finally, the French withdraw to Saint-Omer, leaving 300 dead behind. Later, William receives a warm reception in Bruges as a liberator in May.[11]
  • April 20 – Pope Boniface VIII founds the University of Rome with the papal bull In Supremae praeminentia Dignitatis, as a Studium for ecclesiastical studies under his control, making it the first pontifical university.
  • April 22 – Battle of Marj al-Saffar: Mamluk forces (some 20,000 men) under Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad defeat a Mongol army and their Armenian allies led by Ghazan Khan, on the plain of Marj al-Saffar. After the battle, Al-Nasir enters Damascus and chases the Mongols as far as Al-Qaryatayn in Syria. He returns to Cairo in triumph through the Bab al-Nasr ("Victory Gate") with chained prisoners of war.[12]
  • May 16 – King Edward I of England assembles 7,500 troops at Roxburgh to prepare for a resumption of his campaign against the Kingdom of Scotland, to begin after concluding peace between England and France. [13] In advance of the invasion, Edward orders that three pre-fabricated pontoon bridges be built and transported, in a fleet of 27 ships. After crossing into Scotland, Edward and his soldiers burns hamlet and towns, granges and granaries. Meanwhile, Richard Óg de Burgh, "the Red Earl" with forces from Ireland capture the castles of Rothesay and Inverkip.[14]
  • May 20 – Treaty of Paris: King Philip the Fair of France signs a peace treaty with Edward Longshanks, King of England. According to the terms of the treaty, Gascony is restored to England – as well as the cities of Bordeaux and Bayonne. In return, Edward swears allegiance to Philip as his vassal and agrees that Philipp's daughter, Isabella of France, be married to his son Edward of Caernarfon, until she is old enough.
  • May 26 – Elizabeth Richeza, 14-year-old daughter of the late King Przemysl II of Poland, marries her father's former rival and the new King of Poland, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. The marriage takes place at the Prague Cathedral in Bohemia (now in the Czech Republic, and Elizabeth is crowned as Queen Consort of Bohemia.
  • May 31 – Pope Boniface VIII orders the nullification of the election of Wenceslaus as King of Hungary, and declares that Károly Róbert, son of the late Hungarian king Charles Martel of Anjou, is the rightful claimant to the throne. The Pope also threatens Wenceslaus with excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church if Wenceslaus continues to style himself "King of Hungary". The decision causes a breakdown of Hungary between supporters of Wenceslaus and supporters of Károly.
  • June 18 – Scottish nobles Edmund Comyn and Simon Fraser lead an invasion from Dumfriesshire in Scotland, crossing the border into England at Cumberland and laying waste to Carlisle and its surrounding area. [15]
  • June 23 – Athanasius I returns to leadership of the Eastern Orthodox church in Byzantium, receiving recognition as the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople almost 10 years of having been driven from that office. [8]

July–September

October–December
  • October 11 – Pope Boniface VIII dies while imprisoned at Anagni, after a pontificate of 8 years.
  • October 22 – At the papal conclave in Rome to select a new Roman catholic Pontiff, Cardinal Nicolò Boccasini, Bishop of Ostia, is elected unanimously.
  • October 27 – The coronation of Cardinal Boccasini as Pope Benedict XI, 194th pope of the Roman Catholic Church, is performed at St. Peter's Basilica by Cardinal Matteo Rosso Orsini.
  • November 9 – Edward I Longshanks, King of England spends the winter at Dunfermline Abbey where he plans the attack on Stirling Castle. He stations an army in the field and operations continue throughout the winter. An English force (some 1,000 men) raids and plunder into Lennox as far as Drymen. Meanwhile, Lord John Botetourt raids Galloway in strength, with four bannerets (some 3,000 men).[20]
  • December 18 – Pope Benedict XI issues a mandate directing that the rights of Cardinal Jean Lemoine of France, to income from the dioceses of Bayeux and Amiens is to be protected while Lemoine is serving as papal legate.

1304

January – March
  • January 11 – Messengers from King Edward of England arrive at Kinclaven Castle in Scotland to discuss peace with Scottish noble John Comyn.[21]
  • January 18 – In France, King Philip the Fair issues a mandate at Toulouse to halt the threat of a civil war, declaring that "For the good of our realm... we expressly forbid and most strictly prohibit wars, battles, homicides, the burning of towns or houses, assaults or attacks on peasants or those who plow, or doing anything similar to our vassals and subjects, regardless of status or condition, in any place, or in any part of the realm," and adds that "the rash transgressors of these statutes and inhibitions ought to be punished as disturbers of the peace, regardless of contrary custom, or rather corruption allegedly followed in any part of the said realm."[22] The action comes after Philip's meeting with Franciscan friar Bernard Délicieux concerning the Dominican Inquisition, but the King stops short of halting the Inquisition entirely despite Delicieux's claim that there had not been a single heretic among all the Albigensians for many years.[23]
  • January 31 – Cardinal Nicolò Albertini de Prato is dispatched by Pope Benedict XI as the papal legate to oversee negotiation of peace between Tuscany, Romagna and the Marca Trevigiana.[24]
  • February 9 – War of Scottish Independence: Scottish nobles led by Robert the Bruce and John Comyn ("John the Red"), negotiate a peace treaty with King Edward I of England ("Edward Longshanks"). His terms are accepted, and the Scots submit to English rule. In return, they are granted life and liberty under their old laws and freedom from the forfeiture of their lands. A few prominent nobles are singled out for temporary banishment – among them John de Soules, guardian of Scotland, who is exiled to France. No terms are offered to William Wallace, Edward's most wanted enemy, who remains defiantly at large despite every effort of Edward to capture him.[25][26]
  • February 20 – Battle of Happrew: Scottish rebels led by William Wallace and Simon Fraser fight guerilla warfare against King Edward I of England. They defend themselves against a vanguard of English knights at Peebles, in the Scottish Borders. During the skirmish, the Scots are defeated and routed. Wallace and Fraser narrowly escape being captured.
  • March 17 – Cardinal Albertini, the papal legate and peacemaker, enters Florence and is granted special powers by the government to facilitate his mission.[24]
  • March 23 – John I of Arborea, nicknamed "Chiano" and the ruler of western Sardinia as Judge of Arborea dies. He is succeeded by his sons Marianus III and Andrew

April – June
  • April 1 – Count Albert I of Gorizia dies and is succeeded by his son Henry III.
  • May 11 – Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate in the Middle East, dies and is succeeded by his brother Öljaitü Qaghan.
  • June 5 – Abu Said Uthman I, Zenata Berber ruler of Tlemcen, dies and is succeeded by his son Abu Zayyan I.

July – September

October – December

By place
Byzantine Empire
  • Battle of Skafida: Emperor Michael IX Palaiologos sends a Byzantine expeditionary force (some 10,000 men) to halt the expansion of the Bulgarians in Thrace. The two armies meet near Sozopol on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. During the battle, the Bulgarian army led by Tsar Theodore Svetoslav is defeated and routed. The Byzantines, infatuated with the chase of the retreating enemy, crowd on a bridge – which possibly is sabotaged, and break down. The Bulgarians capture many Byzantine soldiers and some nobles are held for ransom. Svetoslav secures his territorial gains and stabilizes himself as the sole ruler of the Bulgarian Empire (until 1322).[39]
  • The Byzantines lose the island of Chios, in the Aegean Sea, to the Genoese under Admiral Benedetto I Zaccaria. He establishes an autonomous lordship and justifies the act to the Byzantine court as necessary to prevent the island from being captured by Turkish pirates. Benedetto is granted the island as a fief for a period of 10 years.[40][41]
Asia

By topic
Architecture
  • The construction of Ypres Cloth Hall, in Ypres (modern Belgium), is completed.

1305

January – March
  • January 12 – The marriage of Bastam, the 8-year old son (and eldest child) of the Ikhanate ruler of Iran, Oljaitu Khan, to Uljay Qutlugh Khatun, the 7-year-old daughter and the only surviving child of the previous Ikhanate, the late Ghazan Khan, takes place in Tabriz. The betrothal of the two children had been arranged by Ghazan and Öljaitü on September 17, 1303.
  • January 16 – William de Hamilton is formally invested as Lord Chancellor, the highest-ranking elected official at the time in England.
  • January 23 – Henry II Kőszegi, the Ban of Slavonia, completes his conquest of Croatian territory in Požega and Valkó, and issues a charter of annexation from his encampment at Valkószentgyörgy.
  • February 26 – In Spain, King James II of Aragon and King Ferdinand IV of Castile have a summit at the Monastery of Santa María de Huerta in Castile. Attending also from Castile are Ferdinand's uncle, Prince John; Juan Núñez II de Lara of the House of Lara; Ferdinand's cousin Juan Manuel; and Prince Afonso of Portugal. [44]
  • February 28 – The 52nd English Parliament assembles.
  • March 19 – Amir Chupan, the Duke of Yi, is betrothed to Dowlandi Khatun, the daughter of Öljaitü.
  • March 20 – King Edward dissolves the 52nd Parliament.
  • March 25 – Juan Manuel of Castile is made Lord of Alarcón.

April – June

July – September
  • July 10 – Battle of Apros: Byzantine forces (some 6,000 men) under Michael IX Palaiologos, consisting of a large contingent of Alans and Turcopoles (Christianized Turks), attack the Catalan Company near Apros.[47] Michael orders a general cavalry charge, but the Turcopoles desert en bloc to the Catalans. During the battle, the Byzantines are defeated (with many losses from the crossbowmen) and Michael is injured but escapes the field.[48]
  • July 15 – King Edward of England summons a new Parliament, to assemble on September 15.
  • August 3 – William Wallace, Scottish rebel leader and knight, is captured near Glasgow at Robroyston, by English troops led by John de Menteith. He is transported to London and led, crowned mockingly with laurel, in procession to Westminster Hall.
  • August 23 – After a three week trial at Westminster, William Wallace is convicted of treason and of atrocities against civilians in war. After the trial, he is dragged through the streets of Smithfield in London and hanged, drawn and quartered – strangled by hanging – but cut down while still alive, emasculated, disemboweled (with his bowels burned before him), beheaded, and then cut into four parts. Wallace's head is placed on a spike above the London Bridge, and his limbs are displayed separately, in Newcastle, Berwick, Stirling, and Perth.[49]
  • September 15 – King Edward I of England issues ordinances for the government of the Kingdom of Scotland. King Edward issues the first commission of Trailbaston – which empowers him to appoint judicial commissions to punish crimes (such as homicide, theft, arson, and rape) and certain trespasses. Edward adds also conspiracy to the list of presentments.[50]
  • September 19 – At Tabriz (now in Iran) Öljaitü the Mongol Ikhanate, receives the Mongol ambassador from Yuan dynasty China.

October – December

By place

1306

January – March
  • January 3 – Deshou Khan, the only son of Chinese Emperor Chengzong of the Yuan dynasty (Temür Khan) dies, leaving the Mongol Emperor without an heir.
  • January 27 – The University of Orléans is created by a papal bull issued by Pope Clement V endowing the Orléans institutes in France with the title and privileges of a university.
  • January 28 – After two hearings, Sunni Muslim theologian Ibn Taymiyyah is found innocent of charges of heresy by the Indian Qur'an scholar Safi al-Din al-Hindi. Taymiyyah is found guilty three months later by a panel of judges in the Mamluk state and imprisoned for four months.[54]
  • February 10 – Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn III, Scottish nobleman and political rival, before the high altar of the Greyfriars Church at Dumfries. Bruce and Comyn meet to discuss their differences at the church (without their swords). An argument between the two ensues, and Bruce draws his dagger in anger and stabs Comyn. He flees the church, telling his followers outside what has occurred. Roger de Kirkpatrick, cousin of Bruce, goes back inside and finishes off the seriously wounded Comyn. In response, Bruce is excommunicated by Pope Clement V.[55][56]
  • March 21 – In France, Hugh V, at the age of 11, becomes the new Duke of Burgundy upon the death of his father, Robert II.[57]
  • March 25 – Robert the Bruce is crowned king of Scotland by Bishop William de Lamberton at Scone, near Perth. Despite lacking the traditional coronation stone, diadem and scepter, all of which have transferred to London. During the ceremony, the Scottish nobles of Atholl, Lennox, Mar and Menteith are present – while the 18-year-old Elizabeth de Burgh is crowned queen of Scots. The coronation takes place in defiance of the English claims of suzerainty after King Edward I of England, strips John de Baliol of his crown as King of Scots.[58]

April – June
  • April 26 – French knight Amalric, Lord of Tyre, with the aid of the Knights Templar, stages a Coup d'état against his older brother Henry II, King of Cyprus. Although Henry remains the nominal king, he is confined at the Cypriot city of Strovolos, and Amalric assumes all of the King's powers. Amalric will be assassinated in 1310.
  • May 5 – Charles the Lame, King of Naples, accuses Philip I of Piedmont and Isabella of Villehardouin of disloyalty, and deprives them of the right to rule the Principality of Achaea (located in southern Greece on the Peloponnese peninsula). King Charles awards Achaea to his son, Philip I, Prince of Taranto.
  • May 13 – (29 Shawwal 705 AH) A Moorish Nasrid fleet sent by Sultan Sultan Muhammad III of the Emirate of Granada (now part of Spain) makes a surprise attack on Africa and captures Ceuta.[59] Nasrid forces land in Ksar es-Seghir, Larache, and Asilah, occupying these Atlantic ports. At the same time, Prince Uthman ibn Abi al-Ula of the Marinid Sultanate, leads a rebellion against Sultan Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr. He conquers a mountainous area in northern Morocco and allies himself with Granada.[60][61]
  • May 22 – Feast of the Swans: At Westminster Abbey King Edward I of England proclaims that all squires, who agree to march in an invasion of Scotland, will be knighted. After the feast, the King has two swans brought in and swears "before God and the swans" to avenge the murder of John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch, the desecration of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries by Robert Bruce, and to fight the infidels in the Holy Land. The King knights his son, Prince Edward of Caernarfon. The Prince knights 266 other men. King Edward then gives his "Raise the Dragon" orders, proclaiming that no mercy is to be granted to Scotland, and all Scots taken in arms are to be executed without trial. Among the persons knighted, the King appoints Aymer de Valance, lieutenant for Scotland. Valence will make his base at Perth, along with Henry Percy and Robert Clifford, to organize an army.[62]
  • May 30 – The English Parliament meets at Westminster in a one-day session, on orders of King Edward I, a week after Whit Sunday and passes a five percent tax on "citizens and burgesses and communities of all the cities and boroughs of the realm and the tenants of our demesne."[63]
  • June 8 – After bringing the Flemish War to a victorious conclusion, King Philip IV of France orders the silver content of new livre coins to be raised back to the 1285 level of 3.96 grams of silver, and orders the devaluation of the coins of 1303, 1304 and 1305 to one-third of their face value. The economic decree leads to rioting.[64]
  • June 19 – Battle of Methven: Scottish forces (some 5,000 men) under Robert the Bruce are defeated by the English army at Methven. During the battle, the Scots are overwhelmed by a surprise attack on their camp. They are outnumbered, but Bruce manages to form a phalanx to break free. Finally, he is forced to retreat, leaving many of his followers dead or soon to be executed.[65]
  • June 23 – The Knights Hospitaller, led by Grand Master Foulques de Villaret, land with 600 men on the island of Rhodes, one of the Dodecanese Islands off of the coast of Byzantium, and begin a four-year long war to capture the fortified city of Rhodes (which will not fall until August 15, 1310).[66]

July – September

October – December
  • October 9 – Robert FitzWalter, 1st Baron FitzWalter is pardoned of all debts owed to King Edward I of England, in honor of his service in the war against the Scots.
  • October 16 – In a ceremony at Prague, King Rudolf I of Bohemia marries Elizabeth Richeza, the widow of Rudolf's predecessor, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia.
  • October 23 – James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland, after having been defeated in battle by King Edward of England, swears fealty to King Edward again at Lanercost Priory. To render his oath inviolable, Stewart's oath is taken upon the two crosses of Scotland most esteemed for their sanctity, the holy gospels and on various relics of saints. Stewart agrees to submit to instant excommunication if he should break his oath of allegiance to Edward.
  • November 3 – From Lanercost Prior, King Edward of England summons Parliament to meet in Carlisle, starting on January 20, "to "treat of the ordering and settling of the land of Scotland."[73]
  • December 6 – The monetary policy of King Philip IV of France triggers a revolt in Paris. The provost's house is burned, and King Philip the Fair has to flee to the fortress of the Temple.[74]

By location
  • Winter – Robert the Bruce retires to the Isle of Rathlin with a small group of followers, including Bruce's brothers Edward, Thomas and Alexander, as well James Douglas, Niall mac Cailein and Malcolm II. He is welcomed by the Irish Bissett family and stays at Rathlin Castle (or "Bruce's Castle"). Robert reorganizes his resources and musters troops for the campaign in Scotland.[75]
Asia

By topic
Economy
  • In London, a city ordinance decrees that heating with coal is forbidden when Parliament is in session (the ordinance is not particularly effective).[78]
Religion

1307

January – March
  • January 13 – (11th waxing of Tabodwe 668 ME, Burmese calendar) After a reign of almost 20 years, King Wareru, who founded the Martaban Kingdom in what is now southern Myanmar, is stabbed to death by two of his grandsons, Shin Gyi and Shin Nge, who were avenging the execution by Wareru (in 1296 of their father, Tarabya of Pegu. Hkun Law, younger brother of Wareru, becomes the new King of Martaban.
  • January 18 – The Tokuji era begins in Japan in the fourth year of Kagen.
  • February 9 – Battle of Loch Ryan: Thomas de Brus and Alexander de Brus sail with an invasion force of 1,000 men and 18 galleys, into the harbor at Loch Ryan. But they are defeated by rival Scots under Dungal MacDouall. During the attack, only two galleys escape and all the leaders are captured.
  • February 10 – Temür Khan (or Chengzong), the sixth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire (as well as the Emperor Chengzong of Yuan-dynasty China) dies at the age of 41 after a reign of 12 years.[80] He is succeeded by his nephew, Külüg Khan.
  • February 17 – Eight days after their capture at Loch Ryan, Thomas de Brus, and Alexander de Brus, Reginald Crawford are all executed.[81] Thomas and Alexander are taken to Carlisle, where hanged, drawn and quartered.
  • March 23 – Fra Dolcino of Novara, Margaret of Trent and Longino da Bergamo, leaders of the New Apostles movement in Italy, are captured at Val Sesia and tried for heresy on orders of Pope Clement V. They will be executed on June 1.

April – June
  • April 9 – King Edward I of England dismisses the Parliaments of Ireland. A new Parliament will not be assembled until February 9, 1310.
  • April 14 – Persian historian Rashid al-Din Hamadani completes his comprehensive chronicle of Persian history, the Jami' al-tawarikh, inscribing the Persian calendar date "24th day of Farvardin 686" [82]
  • April 21 – Ralph Baldock, Bishop of London, becomes the new Lord Chancellor of England upon the death of William Hamilton, but serves for less than four months.
  • April – Battle of Glen Trool: Scottish forces led by Robert the Bruce defeat the English army at Glen Trool, Galloway. During the battle, Robert gives the order to push down several boulders to ambush the English, who are approaching through a narrow glen (called the "Steps of Trool"). Scottish forces charge down an extremely steep 700-meter sloop, the narrowness of the defile prevents support from either the front or the rear. Without any room to maneuver, many of the English are killed and routed.[83]
  • May 10 – Battle of Loudoun Hill: Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce defeat the English army (some 3,000 men) at Loudoun Hill. During the battle, a frontal charge by the English knights led by Aymer de Valence is halted by Robert's spearmen militia, who effectively slaughtered them as they are on marshy ground. Aymer manages to escape the carnage and flees to the safety of Bothwell Castle. The battle marks the turning point in Robert's struggle to reclaim the independence of Scotland.[84]
  • May 13 – Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr, Marinid ruler of Morocco is assassinated.
  • June 21 – The coronation of Külüg Khan as Khan of the Mongol Empire and as Emperor Wuzong of Yuan dynasty China, takes place in Khanbaliq in what is now Beijing.

July – September
  • July 4 – Rudolf I, king of Bohemia, dies.[85]
  • July 7 – King Edward I of England, known as Edward Longshanks, dies at Burgh by Sands after a 34-year reign. He is succeeded by his son 23-year-old Edward II, who becomes new ruler of England. After his death Edward's body is embalmed and transported to Waltham Abbey in Essex. Here it lay unburied for several weeks so that people can come and see the body lying in state. After this, Edward is taken to Westminster Abbey for a proper burial on October 28.[86][87]
  • July 20 – King Edward II travels from London, after he is proclaimed king and continues north into Scotland, where he receives homage from his Scottish supporters at Dumfries.[88]
  • August 2 – In the first reorganization of the English government by the new King, Edward II, Gilbert Segrave replaces Ralph Baldock as Lord Chancellor
  • August 4 – King Edward II abandons the campaign against Scotland and returns home. He recalls his friend and favourite, Piers Gaveston, who is in exile, and makes him Earl of Cornwall, before arranging his marriage to the wealthy 13-year-old Margaret de Clare.[88]
  • August 18 – On the question of whether a prayer to the English Bishop Thomas de Cantilupe led to the miracle of the resurrection of William Cragh the day after Cragh's execution by hanging on November 27, 1290, Cragh himself testifies before a papal commission at a hearing in Hereford. Of 38 miracles alleged to have been the result of intercession by Cantilupe, the papal commission finds 12 of them doubtful, but accepts another 26 and recommends canonization. Pope John XXII will formally canonize Bishop Cantilupe on April 17, 1320.[89]
  • August 20 – John de Benstede, the English Chancellor of the Exchequer since 1305 when he was appointed by the late King Edward I, is dismissed as by the new and replaced by John Sandale.
  • August 22 – Walter Reynolds, Bishop of Worcester, becomes the new Lord High Treasurer for Edward II, replacing Walter Langton, Bishop of Coventry. The next day, Henry Ludgershall is made the new Chamberlain of the Exchequer.
  • August 26 – After the restructuring of his government, King Edward II summons his first Parliament, directing members to be elected and to assemble at Northampton on October 13.
  • September 5 – Pope Clement V issues a papal bull confirming that the island of Rhodes, now one of the Dodecanese islands of Greece, will be the property of the Knights Hospitaller.[90]
  • September 23 – A marriage contract is concluded between the Otto IV, Count of Burgundy and King Philip IV of France for the marriage of Otto's 11-year-old daughter Blanche to the King's 13-year-old son, Prince Charles. The marriage takes place on February 2, 1308, but will be annulled on May 19, 1322, shortly after Prince Charles assumes the throne as King Charles IV.

October – December
  • October 13 – King Philip IV of France orders the arrest of all members of the Knights Templar in France. The Templars, together with their Grand Master Jacques de Molay, are imprisoned, interrogated, and tortured into confessing heresy. In Paris, the king's inquisitors torture some 140 Templars, most of whom eventually make confessions. Many are subjected to "fire torture": their legs are fastened in an iron frame and the soles of their feet are greased with fat or butter. Unable to withstand these tortures, many Templars eventually confess.[91][92]
  • November 17 – The Mongol General Bilarghu hosts the Armenian Kings Hethum II and Leo III at a banquet at his in castle at Anazarbus (now in ruins near the Turkish village of Dilekkaya). After the guests complete the banquet, Bilarghu massacres all of the Armenian royalty and nobles.[93]
  • November 18 – William Tell, Swiss mountain climber and marksman, shoots (according to legend) an apple off his son's head with a crossbow at Altdorf, Switzerland.
  • November 22 – Following the example of France's King Philip the Fair, Pope Clement V issues a papal decree directing all monarchs of the Christian faith to arrest the Knights Templar and to confiscate their lands as property of the Church.[94]
  • December 10 – Theodoric IV, the ruler of the semi-independent states of Lusatia, Osterland and Thuringia, is murdered at Leipzig by Philip of Nassau. Theodoric is succeeded by Frederick the Brave as ruler of Thuringia and by Otto IV of Brandenburg as ruler of Lusatia. The areas are now part of eastern Germany.
  • December 25 – On Christmas Day, the 3-day Battle of Slioch begins in Scotland, with King Robert the Bruce and his men turning back the forces of John Comyn.[95]

By place
Europe
  • Januli I da Corogna seizes the Aegean Island of Sifnos and becomes an autonomous lord, by renouncing his allegiance to the Knights Hospitaller.
Britain
Asia
  • Duwa Khan, Mongol ruler of the Chagatai Khanate, dies after a 25-year reign and is succeeded by his son Könchek (until 1308).

By topic
Cities and Towns

1308

January – March
  • January 25 – King Edward II marries the 13-year-old Isabella of France, daughter of King Philip IV of France ("Philip the Fair"). The marriage takes place at Boulogne and Edward leaves his friend and favourite, Piers Gaveston, as regent in his absence. Isabella's wardrobe indicates her wealth and style – she has dresses of silk, velvet, taffeta and cloth along with numerous furs; she has over 72 headdresses and coifs. Isabella brings with her two gold crowns, gold and silver dinnerware and 419 yards of linen. Meanwhile, Edward alienates the nobles by placing Gaveston in such a powerful position, who react by signing the Boulogne agreement on January 31.[97][98]
  • February 1 – Herman I the Tall Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel (and co-ruler of Brandenburg with Otto IV), dies and is succeeded as Margrave by his son John V.
  • February 25 – Edward II is crowned at Westminster Abbey under the guidance of Henry Woodlock, bishop of Winchester. During the ceremony, Piers Gaveston is given the honour of carrying the crown. At the banquet that followed, Edward spends more time with Gaveston than with his wife Isabella of France. Isabella's family, who have travelled with her from France, leave to report back to Philip IV of Edward's favouritism for Gaveston over Isabella. As part of the coronation, Edward swears an oath to uphold "the rightful laws and customs which the community of the realm shall have chosen".[99][100]
  • March 8 – King Denis of Portugal, "the Poet King", grants Póvoa de Varzim a charter, the Foral, giving royal lands to 54 families, who found a municipality known as Póvoa around Praça Velha.
  • March 18 – Brothers Andrei Rurik and Lev II Rurik become the co-monarchs of Ruthenia (now part of Ukraine and Poland, with a capital at Lviv), upon the death of their father, King Yuri I of Galicia. The two brothers will reign until their deaths in 1323 at the Battle of Berestia against Mongol invaders.

April – June
  • April 15 – Abu Hammu I becomes the new ruler of the Kingdom of Tlemcen after the death of his brother, Sultan Abu Zayyan I.
  • May 1 – King Albrecht I of Germany, ruler of the Regnum Teutonicorum and King of the Romans within the Holy Roman Empire, is assassinated at Windisch in Switzerland by his nephew, John of Swabia, the day after the two had an argument at a banquet in Winterthur.
  • May 23 – Battle of Inverurie: Scottish forces led by King Robert the Bruce defeat the rival Scots under John Comyn at Oldmeldrum. During the battle, Robert repulses a surprise attack on his camp, and counter-attacks the Scots of Clan Comyn. John flees to seek refuge at the English court and is well received by Edward II, who appoints him as Lord Warden of the Marches. Meanwhile, Robert orders his forces to burn the farms, houses and strongholds associated with Clan Cumming in north-east Scotland. The Earldom of Buchan will never again rise for Clan Cumming.[101]
  • June 25 – Piers Gaveston is exiled for the second time by the Parliament, due to possible corruption and exploited personal gains. As compensation for the loss of the Earldom of Cornwall, which is another condition of his exile, Gaveston is granted land worth 3,000 marks annually in Gascony. Further to this, he is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland – so that a certain amount of honour can be maintained despite the humiliation of the exile. Gaveston is also threatened with ex-communication by Pope Clement V. Edward II accompanies him to Bristol, from where he sets sail for Ireland.[102][103]
  • June 28 – After 138 members of the Knights Templar were convicted of heresy on October 19, 1307, a trial is held for 54 Templars who testify before Pope Clement V, with most confessing to at least one charge.

July – September

October – December
  • October 5 – Guy II de la Roche, Duchy of Athens, dies at the age of 28, bringing an end to the de la Roche dynasty. He is succeeded by his cousin, Walter V, Count of Brienne.[109]
  • October 20 – The English Parliament begins its fourth session of the reign of King Edward II and meets at Westminster.[110]
  • November 10 – After the fall of the fortress of Siwana in India, Prince Sital Deva is ambushed while trying to flee to safety at Jalor. The soldiers decapitate Sital's and present his head as a trophy to the Delhi Sultan, Alauddin.[111]
  • November 13 – The Teutonic Knights capture Gdańsk by treachery – while a Brandenburger force of 100 knights and 200 followers led by Heinrich von Plötzke and Günther von Schwarzburg lay siege to the city. The garrison of Gdańsk castle is too weak to defend itself against the Brandenburgers. Meanwhile, the Polish ruler of Gdańsk Pomerania, Władysław I Łokietek ("Wladyslaw the Elbow-High"), is unable to send reinforcements. The citizens call upon the Teutonic Knights for military help and offer to pay their costs. The arrival of the knights, lead the Brandenburgers to beat a hasty retreat. In an act of supreme treachery, the Teutonic Knights attack the city they have come to save. The houses of both Polish and German are burnt and destroyed. Many people are slaughtered without mercy, including women and children who have sought sanctuary in churches. Within a year, the German Crusaders occupy the whole of Eastern Pomerania and consolidate their power at the Baltic Sea.[112]
  • November 22 – The coronation of the Emperor Hanazono of Japan takes place at Edo.
  • November 27
  • December 16 – Tran Anh Tong becomes the new Emperor of Dai Viet (corresponding to northern Vietnam) upon the death of his father, Tran Nhan Tong.
  • December 19 – Treaty of Alcalá de Henares: King Ferdinand IV of Castile and King James II of Aragon sign an alliance in the Monastery of Santa María de Huerta. Ferdinand agrees to join James in making war by sea and by land against Granada. He also promises to give up one-sixth of Granada to Aragon, and grants him the Province of Almería.[115]
  • December – King Władysław I Łokietek of Poland imprisons Jan Muskata, Bishop of Kraków. In response, Polish and German citizens revolt against his rule in Kraków (as in all Poland's cities at this time). Władysław in a delicate position responds with force and arrests the revolt's leaders. He ties them to horses and drags them through the city streets.

By place
Europe
Scotland
  • Summer – Battle of the Pass of Brander: Scottish forces under King Robert the Bruce defeat the rival Scots of the Clan MacDougall, kinsmen of John Comyn the Red . During the battle, Robert orders to bypass the Pass of Brander. He sends James Douglas the Black) with a party of archers to take up positions above the pass to avoid an ambush. Robert breaks through the MacDougalls blockade and defeats them at the Bridge of Awe. The MacDougalls are chased westwards across the River Awe to Dunstaffnage. The Lord of Argyll surrenders and does homage to Robert.[118][119]
  • The harrying of Buchan takes places as Scottish forces under Edward Bruce devastate the lands of John Comyn, and his supporters following the victory at Inverurie. Meanwhile, Robert the Bruce takes Aberdeen, conquers Galloway and threatens northern Scotland.
Asia

By topic
Literature

1309

January – March

April – June
  • April 24 – Spanish kings James II of Aragon and Ferdinand IV of Castile persuade Pope Clement V to grant the papal bull Indesinentis cure, authorizing them approval and church financial support for a crusade to rid the Iberian peninsula of Islam, as well as to conquer Corsica and Sardinia.[124] The two monarchs fail to mention their collaboration with the Muslim Marinid Empire, and use the papal bull to plan a blockade of the Strait of Gibraltar with their combined fleet of 40 warships on their mission to expel the Saracen forces from Spain.[125]
  • April 29 – Pope Clement V issues the papal bull Prioribus decanis granting King Ferdinand IV 1⁄10th of clergy taxes collected in Castile, in order to finance the war against Granada.[126]
  • April – After his ascent to the throne, the Emir Nasr ad-Din Muhammad of Granada sends envoys to the Marinid court at Fez, in Morocco.[127]
  • May 5 – Robert the Wise becomes the new King of Naples upon the death of his father, Charles the Lame.
  • May 12 – Marinid Sultan Abu al-Rabi Sulayman launches an attack on Ceuta. He concludes an alliance with King James II of Castile, and concedes commercial benefits to Castilian merchants. Abu al-Rabi also sends 1,000 measures of wheat to Aragon. A few months later, Marinid forces, without Castilian support, occupy Ceuta and expel Saracen forces from Morocco.[128]
  • June 15 – The second coronation of Charles I as King of Hungary takes place at Székesfehérvár after a first attempt in 1301 was not recognized.

July – September
  • July 3 – Portugal joins forces with the kingdoms of Castile and Aragon in their attack on Gibraltar.
  • July 18 – King James II of Aragon and his navy depart from Valencia on their expedition to begin the Siege of Almería
  • July 21 – The north African territory of Ceuta, controlled by the Emirate of Granada, is conquered by a fleet of ships, led by Eimeric de Bellveí, from the Kingdom of Aragon.
  • July 30 – (21 Safar 709 A.H.) Siege of Algeciras: Castilian forces led by Ferdinand IV "the Summoned"") begin the siege of Algeciras, capital of the Emirate of Granada.[129] King Denis I of Portugal ("the Poet King") sends a contingent of 700 knights to support the siege. He provides Ferdinand, in accordance with his friendship, a loan of 16,600 silver marks.
  • August 11 – Siege of Almería: Aragonese forces (some 12,000 men) under King James II of Aragon ("James the Just") land on the coast of Almería and begin blockading the city with his fleet. His forces include siege engines such as mangonels and trebuchets. James orders multiple unsuccessful assaults on the city and is forced (due to a shortage of supplies) to make a truce in December.[130][131]
  • August 15 – Conquest of Rhodes: The Byzantine garrison of the city of Rhodes surrenders to the Crusader forces of the Knights Hospitaller under Grand Master Foulques de Villaret – completing their conquest of Rhodes. The knights establish their headquarters on the island and rename themselves as the Knights of Rhodes.[132]
  • August 23 – A relief force from the Emirate of Granada attempts to drive out the Kingdom of Aragon forces at Almeria, but loses thousands of men.[133]
  • September 12 – Siege of Gibraltar: Castilian forces under Juan Núñez II de Lara and Alonso Pérez de Guzmán besiege and conquer the Saracen fortress at Gibraltar, which had been held by them for nearly 600 years (since the year 711). During the siege, the port is blockaded. Ferdinand IV of Castile orders repairs of the damaged city walls.[134]

October – December
  • October 1 – In Italy, the Archbishop of Milan, Cassone della Torre, is imprisoned by troops sent by his cousin Guido della Torre to attack the archbishop's palace.[135]
  • October 18
    • At Avignon, Pope Clement V signs a mandate consenting "for any persons who wanted to proceed against the memory of Boniface VIII to proceed" and sends it to the Bishop of Paris for the posthumous trial of Boniface for heresy. [136]
    • King Edward II summons a council to meet at York, but several nobles (the earls of Lancaster, Lincoln, Warwick, Oxford and Arundel) refuse to attend due to Piers Gaveston's attendance. Since he returned from exile, Gaveston tries to alienate the nobles from the king.[137]
  • October 20 – In what is now central Myanmar, the coronation of Thihathu as the monarch of the Myinsaing Kingdom takes place.
  • October 22 – The trial of the Knights Templar arrested in England begins and will continue for the next five months, ending on March 18, 1310.
  • October 29 – Archbishop Cassone della Torre of Milan is exiled to Bologna by his cousin Guido, who is later excommunicated.
  • October 31 – In India, Alauddin Khalji, Sultan of Delhi, orders General Malik Kafur to invade the Kakatiya kingdom, ruled by Prataparudra, and to besiege its capital, Warangal (now in India's Telangana state).[138]
  • October – About 500 knights led by John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos, uncle of King James II of Castile, desert the Castilian encampment during the Siege of Algeciras because they are not getting paid and because one-sixth of Granada will be ceded to the Kingdom of Aragon. King Ferdinand of Aragon continues the siege.[139]
  • November 4 – Pope Clement V declares that Knights Hospitaller will not be sent to the Holy Land and Jerusalem, and that they will be limited to defending the Mediterranean Sea including Cyprus and Rhodes.
  • November 13 – After a layover in Masudspur, the Delhi Sultanate Army of General Kafur resumes its march toward Warangal, stopping at Sultanpur on November 19, at Khandar on December 5 and at Nikanth on December 27.[140]
  • November 19 – Pope Clement V reverses the excommunication of Flemish hero Willem van Saeftinghe and grants him absolution, but requires him to join the Knights Hospitaller in their crusade at the island of Rhodes.
  • December 18 – In Spain, three months after the September 19 death of Alonso Pérez de Guzmán, Fernando Ponce de León is made the new ruler of Marchena, as well as Bornos, Espera, Rota and Chipiona by King Ferdinand IV of Castile.

By place
England
Cities and Towns

Births

1300

  • January 21 – Roger Clifford, English nobleman and knight (d. 1322)
  • January 28 – Chūgan Engetsu, Japanese poet and writer (d. 1375)
  • February 1 – Bolko II of Ziębice, Polish nobleman and knight (d. 1341)
  • April 4 – Constance of Aragon, Aragonese princess (infanta) (d. 1327)
  • June 1 – Thomas of Brotherton, English nobleman and prince (d. 1338)[141]
  • September 27 – Adolf of the Rhine, German nobleman (d. 1327)[142]
  • October 9 – John de Grey, English nobleman and knight (d. 1359)
  • December 22 – Khutughtu Khan Kusala, Mongol emperor (d. 1329)
  • Charles d'Artois, Neapolitan nobleman, knight and chancellor (d. 1346)
  • Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro, Italian bishop and theologian (d. 1342)
  • Gerard III, Dutch nobleman, knight, bailiff and rebel leader (d. 1358)[143]
  • Guillaume de Harsigny, French doctor and court physician (d. 1393)
  • Guillaume de Machaut, French priest, poet and composer (d. 1377)
  • Immanuel Bonfils, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1377)
  • Jakov of Serres, Serbian scholar, hierarch and translator (d. 1365)
  • Jeanne de Clisson, French noblewoman and privateer (d. 1359)[144]
  • Joanna of Pfirt, German noblewoman (House of Habsburg) (d. 1351)
  • Johannes Tauler, German preacher, mystic and theologian (d. 1361)
  • John III, Dutch nobleman and knight (House of Reginar) (d. 1355)[145]
  • John Sheppey, English administrator, treasurer and bishop (d. 1360)
  • Jordan of Quedlinburg, German preacher, hermit and writer (d. 1380)
  • Richard FitzRalph, Norman-Irish archbishop and theologian (d. 1360)
  • Simon Locard (or Lockhart), Scottish landowner and knight (d. 1371)
  • Thomas Bradwardine, English archbishop and theologian (d. 1349)

1301

1302

  • November 30 – Andrew Corsini, Italian prelate and bishop (d. 1374)
  • December 7 – Azzone Visconti, Italian nobleman and knight (d. 1339)
  • Fang Congyi, Chinese Daoist priest and landscape painter (d. 1393)
  • Hōjō Sadayuki, Japanese nobleman, governor and samurai (d. 1333)
  • Konoe Tsunetada, Japanese nobleman (kugyō) and regent (d. 1352)
  • Shihabuddeen Ahmed Koya, Indian Grand Mufti and writer (d. 1374)
  • Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen, Tibetan ruler and politician (d. 1364)

1303

  • May 19 – Saw Zein (or Binnya Ran De), Burmese ruler (d. 1330)
  • July 12 – Hugh de Courtenay, English nobleman and knight (d. 1377)
  • Bridget of Sweden (or Birgitta), Swedish nun and mystic (d. 1373)
  • Catherine II, Latin empress consort, regent and co-ruler (d. 1346)
  • Henry Ferrers, English nobleman, constable and knight (d. 1343)
  • Hōjō Shigetoki, Japanese nobleman (rensho) and official (d. 1333)
  • Marie of Évreux, French noblewoman (House of Capet) (d. 1335)
  • Willem IV of Horne, Dutch nobleman, diplomat and knight (d. 1343)

1304

  • January 9 – Hōjō Takatoki, Japanese nobleman and regent (d. 1333)
  • February 16 – Tugh Temür (or Wenzong), Mongol emperor (d. 1332)
  • February 24 – Ibn Battuta, Moroccan scholar and explorer (d. 1369)
  • May 2 – Margaret Mortimer, Anglo-Norman noblewoman (d. 1337)
  • April 9 – Venturino of Bergamo, Italian Dominican friar and preacher (d. 1346)
  • June 6 – Francesco Albergotti, Italian nobleman and jurist (d. 1376)
  • July 20 – Francesco Petrarca, Italian historian and poet (d. 1374)
  • October 4 – John Beauchamp, English peer and knight (d. 1343)
  • October 17
    • Eleanor de Bohun, English noblewoman (d. 1363)
    • James Butler, Irish nobleman and knight (d. 1338)
  • Engelbert III, German archbishop (House of La Marck) (d. 1368)
  • Gerard II de Lisle, English nobleman, peer and knight (d. 1360)
  • Ibn al-Shatir, Syrian astronomer, engineer and writer (d. 1375)
  • Joan of Valois, French noblewoman and princess (d. 1363)
  • John of Aragon, Aragonese archbishop and patriarch (d. 1334)
  • Lodewijk Heyligen, Flemish monk and music theorist (d. 1361)
  • Magnus I ("Magnus the Pious"), German nobleman and knight (d. 1369)
  • Marcus of Viterbo, Italian cardinal and papal legate (d. 1369)
  • Marie of Luxemburg, queen of France and Navarre (d. 1324)
  • Walram of Jülich, Dutch nobleman and archbishop (d. 1349)
  • Walter VI, French nobleman, knight and constable (d. 1356)
  • William de Clinton, English nobleman and admiral (d. 1354)

1305

  • June 2 – Abu Sa'id Bahadur (or "Abu Sa'id"), Mongol ruler (d. 1335)
  • August 18 – Ashikaga Takauji, Japanese general (shogun) (d. 1358)
  • September 25 – Al-Mahdi Ali, Yemeni imam and politician (d. 1372)
  • September 29 – Henry XIV, German nobleman and co-ruler (d. 1339)
  • October 28 – Minbyauk Thihapate, Burmese ruler of Sagaing (d. 1364)
  • November 5 – Robert Clifford, English nobleman and knight (d. 1344)
  • Agnes of Bohemia, Bohemian princess (House of Přemyslid) (d. 1337)
  • Arnoul d'Audrehem, French nobleman, knight and marshal (d. 1370)
  • Elizabeth of Poland, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1380)
  • Gao Ming (or "Gao Zecheng"), Chinese poet and playwright (d. 1370)
  • Isabella of Aragon (or "Elisabeth"), German queen consort (d. 1330)
  • Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen, Tibetan religious leader (d. 1343)
  • Konoe Mototsugu, Japanese nobleman (kugyō) and regent (d. 1354)
  • Louis the Junker, German nobleman, knight and co-ruler (d. 1345)
  • Peter of Aragon, Spanish prince (infante) and counsellor (d. 1381)
  • Peter Thomas, French monk, archbishop and theologian (d. 1366)
  • Philippe de Cabassoles, French bishop and papal legate (d. 1372)
  • Shiba Takatsune, Japanese general and warlord (daimyo) (d. 1367)
  • Thomas of Frignano, Italian cardinal and Minister General (d. 1381)
  • Yi Ja-heung, Korean nobleman, official and Grand Prince (d. 1371)

1306

  • August 8 – Rudolf the Blind, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1353)
  • Ashikaga Tadayoshi, Japanese nobleman, samurai and general (d. 1352)
  • Isabella of Brienne, Latin noblewoman (suo jure) and claimant (d. 1360)
  • Sasaki Takauji, Japanese bureaucrat, warrior, poet and writer (d. 1373)

1307

1308

  • August 12 – Moriyoshi, Japanese nobleman and prince (d. 1335)
  • Andrea Orcagna, Italian painter, sculptor and architect (d. 1368)
  • Gaston II, French nobleman and knight (House of Foix) (d. 1343)
  • Joan III of Burgundy, French noblewoman and princess (d. 1347)
  • Joguk (or "Borjigin Jintong"), queen consort of Goryeo (d. 1325)
  • Longchenpa, Tibetan Buddhist scholar-yogi and writer (d. 1364)

1309

Deaths

1300

  • January 14 – Isabella of Lusignan, French noblewoman (b. 1224)
  • February 19 – Munio of Zamora, Spanish friar and bishop (b. 1237)
  • July 18 – Gerard Segarelli, Italian founder of the Apostolic Brethren
  • September 24 – Edmund of Cornwall, English nobleman (b. 1249)
  • September 29 – Juliana FitzGerald, Norman noblewoman (b. 1263)
  • December 12 – Bartolo da San Gimignano, Italian priest (b. 1228)
  • Albert III, German nobleman, knight and co-ruler (House of Ascania)
  • Albertus de Chiavari, Italian priest, Master General and philosopher
  • Berengaria of Castile, Spanish noblewoman and princess (b. 1253)
  • Demetrios Pepagomenos, Byzantine physician, scientist and writer
  • Geoffrey de Mowbray, Scottish nobleman, knight and Chief Justiciar
  • Guido Cavalcanti, Italian poet and friend of Dante Alighieri (b. 1250)
  • Güneri of Karaman, Turkish nobleman (bey) (House of Karamanid)
  • Herman VIII, German nobleman and co-ruler (House of Zähringen)
  • Jeanne de Montfort de Chambéon, Swiss noblewoman and regent
  • Kangan Giin, Japanese Buddhist scholar and Zen Master (b. 1217)
  • Thomas de Somerville, Scottish nobleman and rebel leader (b. 1245)
  • Tran Hung Dao, Vietnamese Grand Prince and statesman (b. 1228)
  • William of Nangis, French monk, chronicler and historian (b. 1250)

1301

  • January 14 – Andrew III ("Andrew the Venetian"), king of Hungary (b. 1265)[1]
  • February 19 – Pietro Gerra, Italian cleric, archbishop and patriarch
  • February 20 – Asukai Gayū, Japanese nobleman and poet (b. 1241)
  • March 21 – Guillaume de Champvent, Swiss nobleman and bishop
  • May 7 – Hōjō Akitoki, Japanese military leader and poet (b. 1248)
  • August 22 – Giacomo Bianconi, Italian priest and scholar (b. 1220)
  • September 3 – Alberto I, Italian nobleman and Chief Magistrate[156]
  • November 19 – Johann III, Polish chaplain, bishop and diplomat
  • unknown dates
    • Blasco I d'Alagona ("Blasc the Elder"), Aragonese nobleman and captain[157]
    • "False Margaret", Norwegian noblewoman and pretender (b. 1260)[158]

1302

  • January 2 – Henry I, German nobleman and co-ruler (b. 1230)
  • January 19 – Al-Hakim I, Abbasid ruler (caliph) of Cairo (b. 1247)
  • January 26 – Godfrey Giffard, English Lord Chancellor and bishop
  • February 1 – Andrea dei Conti, Italian priest and mystic (b. 1240)
  • February 10 – Gerald Le Marescal, Irish archdeacon and bishop
  • March 3 – Roger-Bernard III, French nobleman and knight (b. 1243)
  • March 9 – Richard FitzAlan, English nobleman and knight (b. 1267)
  • March 20 – Ralph Walpole, English cleric, archdeacon and bishop
  • April 8 – Muhammad II ("al-Faqih"), Nasrid ruler of Granada (b. 1235)
  • April 9 – Constance of Sicily, queen and regent of Aragon (b. 1249)
  • May 2 – Blanche of Artois, queen and regent of Navarre (b. 1248)
  • June 30 – Ingeborg Birgersdotter, Swedish noblewoman (b. 1253)
  • July 11 (Battle of the Golden Spurs):
    • Godfrey of Brabant, Dutch nobleman and knight
    • Guy I of Clermont, French nobleman and knight
    • Jacques de Châtillon, French governor and knight
    • John I de Trie, French knight and trouvère (b. 1225)
    • John I of Ponthieu, French nobleman and knight
    • John II of Brienne, French nobleman and knight
    • Pierre Flotte, French knight, lawyer and chancellor
    • Raoul II of Clermont, French nobleman and knight
    • Robert II, French nobleman and seneschal (b. 1250)
    • Simon de Melun, French knight and Marshal (b. 1250)
  • September 6 – John St. John, English knight and seneschal
  • September 18 – Eudokia Palaiologina, empress of Trebizond
  • September 26 – Barthélemy de Quincy, French Grand Master
  • October 29 – Matthew of Aquasparta, Italian Minister General
  • November 17 – Gertrude the Great, German mystic (b. 1256)
  • December 2 – Audun Hugleiksson, Norwegian knight (b. 1240)
  • December 13 – Adolf II, German nobleman and prince-bishop
  • December 26 – Valdemar Birgersson, king of Sweden (b. 1239)
  • December 29 – Vitslav II, Danish nobleman, knight and prince
  • December 31 – Frederick III, German nobleman and knight
  • Balian of Ibelin, Cypriot nobleman and seneschal (b. 1240)
  • Dietrich of Apolda, German monk, hagiographer and writer
  • Gerardo Bianchi, Italian churchman, cardinal and diplomat
  • Godfrey Giffard, English chancellor and bishop (b. 1235)
  • Henry III of Bar, French nobleman and knight (b. 1259)
  • Henry le Walleis, English advisor, mayor and politician
  • Hu Sanxing, Chinese historian and politician (b. 1230)
  • Ibn Daqiq al-'Id, Egyptian scholar and writer (b. 1228)
  • John Comyn II, Scottish nobleman, knight and regent
  • John de Sècheville, English philosopher and scientist
  • Lotterio Filangieri, Italo-Norman nobleman and knight
  • Louis I, Swiss nobleman and knight (House of Savoy)
  • Maghinardo Pagani, Italian nobleman and statesman
  • William of March, English Lord Treasurer and bishop

1303

1304

  • January 13 – Ichijō Uchisane, Japanese nobleman (b. 1276)
  • February 14 – Guy of Ibelin, Outremer nobleman (House of Ibelin)
  • March 6 – Fujiwara no Kimiko, Japanese empress consort (b. 1232)
  • March 7 – Bartolomeo I della Scala, Italian nobleman and knight
  • March 23 – John I ("Chiano"), Sardinian ruler (Judge of Arborea)
  • March 26 – Wigbold von Holte, German archbishop and diplomat
  • April 1 – Albert I, Austrian nobleman, knight and co-ruler (b. 1240)
  • April 11 – Maud de Lacy, Norman noblewoman (suo jure) (b. 1230)
  • April 27 – Pedro Armengol, Spanish nobleman and priest (b. 1238)
  • May 11 – Ghazan Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1271)
  • May 23 – Jehan de Lescurel, French composer-poet and writer
  • June 1 – Giovanni Pelingotto, Italian Third order Franciscan and hermit (b. 1240)
  • June 5 – Abu Said Uthman I, Zenata Berber ruler of Tlemcen
  • July 7 – Benedict XI, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1240)
  • July 17 – Edmund Mortimer, English nobleman (b. 1251)
  • July 27 – Andrey III, Kievan nobleman and Grand Prince
  • August 10 – Martin of Dacia, Danish theologian (b. 1240)
  • August 16 – John III, Dutch nobleman and knight (b. 1249)
  • August 17 – Go-Fukakusa, Japanese emperor (b. 1243)
  • August 18 – William of Jülich, Flemish nobleman (b. 1275)
  • August 22 – John II, Dutch nobleman and knight (b. 1247)
  • September 22 – Thomas of Corbridge, English archbishop
  • September 27 – John de Warenne, English nobleman (b. 1231)
  • September 28 – Elisabeth of Kalisz, Polish noblewoman (b. 1259)
  • September 29 – Agnes of Brandenburg, Danish queen (b. 1257)
  • December 5 – John of Pontoise, English archdeacon and bishop
  • December 23 – Matilda of Habsburg, German co-ruler (b. 1253)
  • Fernando Rodríguez de Castro, Spanish nobleman and knight
  • Henry I, German nobleman and knight (House of Schaumburg)
  • Henry II of Rodez, French nobleman and troubadour (b. 1236)
  • João Afonso Telo, Portuguese nobleman, knight and diplomat
  • Peter of Auvergne, French philosopher, theologian and writer
  • Robert de Brus, Scoto-Norman nobleman and knight (b. 1243)
  • Wang Yun, Chinese official, politician, poet and writer (b. 1228)

1305

1306

1307

1308

1309

References
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  2. Than Tun, History of Burma: A.D. 1300–1400 (Burma Research Society, 1959)
  3. Jeffrey Hamilton, The Plantagenets: History of a Dynasty (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2010) p.78
  4. Satish Chandra, History of Medieval India: 800–1700 (Orient Longman, 2007) p. 97 ISBN 978-81-250-3226-7.
  5. "Finalment, el tractat fou signat per Jaume II ale 16 de setembre de 1301, amb contingut practicament igual que la proposta que ja hem comentat del rei de Granada." ("Finally, the treaty was signed by James II on September 16, 1301, with practically the same content as the proposal we have already commented on from the King of Granada.") Maria Teresa Ferrer i Mallol, La frontera amb l'Islam en el segle XIV cristians i sarraïns al país Valencia ("The border with Islam in the 14th century: Christians and Saracens in the Country of Valencia") (Institució Milà i Fontanals, 1988) p. 77
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