Political party strength in Texas
The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Texas:
- Governor
- Lieutenant Governor
- Attorney General
- State Comptroller of Public Accounts
- State Land Commissioner
- State Agriculture Commissioner
- Treasurer (before 1996)
The table also indicates the historical party composition in the:
- State Senate
- State House of Representatives
- State Railroad Commission
- State delegation to the U.S. Senate
- State delegation to the U.S. House of Representatives
For years in which a presidential election was held, the table indicates which party's nominees received the state's electoral votes.
1846–1890
| Year | Executive offices | State Legislature | United States Congress | Electoral votes | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | Lieutenant Governor | Attorney General | Comptroller | Treasurer | Land Comm. | State Senate | State House | U.S. Senator (Class I) | U.S. Senator (Class II) | U.S. House | ||
| 1846 | J. Pinckney Henderson (D) | Albert Clinton Horton (D) | Volney Howard (D) | James B. Shaw (D) | James H. Raymond (D) | Thomas W. Ward (D) | D maj. | D maj. | Thomas Jefferson Rusk (D) | Sam Houston (D) | 2D | |
| 1847 | George Tyler Wood (D) | John Alexander Greer (D) | John Woods Harris (D) | |||||||||
| 1848 | George W. Smyth (D) | D maj. | D maj. | Cass/ Butler (D)  | ||||||||
| 1849 | Peter Hansborough Bell (D)[lower-alpha 1] | Henry Percy Brewster (D) | ||||||||||
| 1850 | Andrew Jackson Hamilton (D) | D maj. | D maj. | |||||||||
| 1851 | James W. Henderson (D) | Ebenezer Allen (D) | Stephen Crosby (D) | |||||||||
| 1852 | Thomas J. Jennings (D) | D maj. | D maj. | Pierce/ King (D)  | ||||||||
| 1853 | James W. Henderson (D)[lower-alpha 2] | vacant | ||||||||||
| Elisha M. Pease (D) | David Catchings Dickson (D) | |||||||||||
| 1854 | D maj. | D maj. | ||||||||||
| 1855 | Hardin Richard Runnels (D) | Sam Houston (D) | 1D, 1KN | |||||||||
| 1856 | James Willie (D) | 20D, 9KN, 4? | 60D, 30KN | Buchanan/ Breckinridge (D) | ||||||||
| 1857 | Hardin Richard Runnels (D) | Francis Lubbock (D) | J. Pinckney Henderson (D) | 2D | ||||||||
| 1858 | Malcolm D. Graham (D) | Clement R. Johns (D) | Cyrus H. Randolph (D) | Francis M. White (D) | 27D, 6KN | 81D, 9KN | Matthias Ward (D) | |||||
| 1859 | Sam Houston (CU)[lower-alpha 3] | Edward Clark (D) | John Hemphill (D) | |||||||||
| 1860 | George M. Flournoy (D) | D maj. | D maj. | Louis Wigfall (D) | Breckinridge/ Lane (SD) | |||||||
| 1861 | Edward Clark (D)[lower-alpha 2] | vacant | ||||||||||
| Francis Lubbock (D) | John McClannahan Crockett (D) | Expelled following Texas's secession from the U.S. | ||||||||||
| 1862 | Nathan G. Shelley (D) | American Civil War | American Civil War/no delegations seated | |||||||||
| 1863 | Pendleton Murrah (D)[lower-alpha 4] | Fletcher Stockdale (D) | Stephen Crosby (D) | |||||||||
| 1864 | Benjamin E. Tarver (D) | no electors counted | ||||||||||
| 1865 | Fletcher Stockdale (D)[lower-alpha 2] | vacant | William Alexander (U) | Willis L. Robards (D) | ||||||||
| Andrew Jackson Hamilton (DM)[lower-alpha 5] | Samuel Harris (D) | Francis M. White (D) | Reconstruction/no delegations seated | |||||||||
| 1866 | James W. Throckmorton (D)[lower-alpha 6] | George Washington Jones (D)[lower-alpha 6] | William M. Walton (D) | Albert H. Latimer (R) | W. M. Royston (D) | Stephen Crosby (D) | ||||||
| 1867 | Elisha M. Pease (R)[lower-alpha 7] | vacant[lower-alpha 8] | Ezekiel B. Turner (U) | Morgan C. Hamilton (R) | John T. Allan (R) | Joseph Spence (R) | ||||||
| 1868 | ||||||||||||
| 1869 | J. W. Flanagan (R)[lower-alpha 9] | George W. Honey (R) | ||||||||||
| 1870 | Edmund J. Davis (R)[lower-alpha 10] | Donald Campbell (R)[lower-alpha 11] | William Alexander (R) | Albert A. Bledsoe (R) | Jacob Kuechler (R) | 19R, 11D | 54R, 36D | J. W. Flanagan (R) | Morgan C. Hamilton (R) | 3R, 1D | ||
| 1871 | Webster Flanagan (R)[lower-alpha 11] | 3D, 1R | ||||||||||
| 1872 | Albert Jennings Fountain (R)[lower-alpha 11] | 4D | Hendricks/ Brown (D) | |||||||||
| 1873 | Edward Bradford Pickett (D)[lower-alpha 11] | B. Graham (R) | 17D, 13R | 72D, 16R, 2? | Morgan C. Hamilton (LR) | 6D | ||||||
| 1874 | Richard Coke (D)[lower-alpha 12] | Richard B. Hubbard (D) | George Clark (D) | Stephen Heard Darden (D) | Andrew Jackson Dorn (D) | J. J. Gross (D) | 26D, 4R | 79D, 11R | ||||
| 1875 | Samuel B. Maxey (D) | Morgan C. Hamilton (R) | ||||||||||
| 1876 | Richard B. Hubbard (D)[lower-alpha 2] | vacant | Hannibal Boone (D) | Tilden/ Hendricks (D) | ||||||||
| 1877 | 27D, 3R, 1I | 81D, 6R, 6I | Richard Coke (D) | |||||||||
| 1878 | George McCormick (D) | William C. Walsh (D) | ||||||||||
| 1879 | Oran Milo Roberts (D) | Joseph D. Sayers (D) | Francis Lubbock (D) | 25D, 4R, 2G | 74D, 10G, 9R | 5D, 1GB | ||||||
| 1880 | James H. McLeary (D) | William M. Brown (D) | Hancock/ English (D) | |||||||||
| 1881 | Leonidas J. Storey (D) | 29D, 1R, 1G | 82D, 8R, 3G | |||||||||
| 1882 | John D. Templeton (D) | |||||||||||
| 1883 | John Ireland (D) | Francis Marion Martin (D) | William Jesse Swain (D) | 30D, 1I | 96D, 7I, 3R | 10D, 1I | ||||||
| 1884 | Cleveland/ Hendricks (D) | |||||||||||
| 1885 | Barnett Gibbs (D) | 28D, 3I | 103D, 3R | 11D | ||||||||
| 1886 | Jim Hogg (D) | |||||||||||
| 1887 | Lawrence Sullivan Ross (D) | Thomas Benton Wheeler (D) | John D. McCall (D) | R. M. Hall (D) | 31D | 103D, 5R, 1Pop | John H. Reagan (D) | |||||
| 1888 | Cleveland/ Thurman (D) | |||||||||||
| 1889 | 102D, 3R, 1I | |||||||||||
| 1890 | ||||||||||||
| Year | Governor | Lieutenant Governor | Attorney General | Comptroller | Treasurer | Land Comm. | State Senate | State House | U.S. Senator (Class I) | U.S. Senator (Class II) | U.S. House | Electoral votes |
| Executive offices | State Legislature | United States Congress | ||||||||||
1891–1998
| Year | Executive offices | State Legislature | R. R. Comm. | United States Congress | Electoral votes | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | Lieutenant Governor | Attorney General | Comptroller | Treasurer | Land Comm. | Ag. Comm. | State Senate | State House | U.S. Senator (Class I) | U.S. Senator (Class II) | U.S. House | |||
| 1891 | Jim Hogg (D) | George C. Pendleton (D) | Charles A. Culberson (D) | John D. McCall (D) | William B. Wortham (D) | William L. McGaughey (D) | Lafayette L. Foster (D)[lower-alpha 13] | 31D | 104D, 2R | 3D | Horace Chilton (D) | Richard Coke (D) | 11D | |
| 1892 | no such office | Roger Q. Mills (D) | Cleveland/ Stevenson (D) | |||||||||||
| 1893 | Martin McNulty Crane (D) | 29D, 1Pop, 1I | 119D, 8Pop, 1R | 13D | ||||||||||
| 1894 | ||||||||||||||
| 1895 | Charles A. Culberson (D) | George Taylor Jester (D) | Martin McNulty Crane (D) | Richard W. Finley (D) | Andrew Jackson Baker (D) | 29D, 2Pop | 103D, 22Pop, 3R | Horace Chilton (D) | 12D, 1R | |||||
| 1896 | Bryan/ Sewall (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1897 | 28D, 2Pop, 1R | 120D, 6Pop, 2R | ||||||||||||
| 1898 | Thomas Slater Smith (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1899 | Joseph D. Sayers (D) | James Browning (D) | John W. Robbins (D) | Charles Rogan (D) | 30D, 1R | 118D, 9Pop, 1R | Charles A. Culberson (D) | |||||||
| 1900 | Bryan/ Stevenson (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1901 | Charles K. Bell (D) | Robert M. Love (D)[lower-alpha 14] | 31D | 126D, 1Pop, 1IR | Joseph W. Bailey (D) | 13D | ||||||||
| 1902 | ||||||||||||||
| 1903 | S. W. T. Lanham (D) | George D. Neal (D) | J. W. Stephen (D)[lower-alpha 15] | John J. Terrell (D) | 130D, 1R, 1Pop, 1IR | 16D | ||||||||
| 1904 | Robert V. Davidson (D) | Parker/ Davis | ||||||||||||
| 1905 | 131D, 2R | |||||||||||||
| 1906 | ||||||||||||||
| 1907 | Thomas Mitchell Campbell (D) | Asbury Bascom Davidson (D) | Sam Sparks (D) | Robert Teague Milner (D)[lower-alpha 16] | 132D, 1R | |||||||||
| 1908 | Edward R. Kone (D) | Bryan/ Kern (D) | ||||||||||||
| 1909 | James T. Robison (D) | 30D, 1R | 131D, 2R | |||||||||||
| 1910 | Jewel P. Lightfoot (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1911 | Oscar Branch Colquitt (D) | W. P. Lane (D) | 131D, 1R | |||||||||||
| 1912 | J. M. Edwards (D) | Wilson/ Marshall (D) | ||||||||||||
| James D. Walthall (D) | ||||||||||||||
| 1913 | William Harding Mayes (D) | B. F. Looney (D) | 141D, 1R | Rienzi Melville Johnston (D) | 18D | |||||||||
| Morris Sheppard (D) | ||||||||||||||
| 1914 | ||||||||||||||
| 1915 | James E. Ferguson (D)[lower-alpha 17] | William P. Hobby (D) | Henry B. Terrell (D) | Fred Davis (D) | 31D | 140D, 1R, 1I | ||||||||
| 1916 | ||||||||||||||
| 1917 | William P. Hobby (D)[lower-alpha 18] | vacant | 142D | |||||||||||
| 1918 | ||||||||||||||
| 1919 | Willard Arnold Johnson (D) | Calvin Maples Cureton (D) | John W. Baker (D) | 141D, 1R | ||||||||||
| 1920 | M. L. Wiginton (D) | George B. Terrell (D) | Cox/ Roosevelt (D) | |||||||||||
| 1921 | Pat Morris Neff (D) | Lynch Davidson (D) | Lon A. Smith (D) | Charles Vernon Terrell (D) | 30D, 1R | 137D, 4A, 1R | 17D, 1R | |||||||
| 1922 | Walter Angus Keeling (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1923 | Thomas Whitfield Davidson (D) | 149D, 1R | Earle B. Mayfield (D) | |||||||||||
| 1924 | Sidney Lee Staples (D) | Davis/ Bryan (D) | ||||||||||||
| 1925 | Miriam A. Ferguson (D) | Barry Miller (D) | Dan Moody (D) | Sam Houston Terrell (D) | W. Gregory Hatcher (D) | |||||||||
| 1926 | ||||||||||||||
| 1927 | Dan Moody (D) | Claude Pollard (D) | ||||||||||||
| 1928 | Hoover/ Curtis (R) | |||||||||||||
| 1929 | 31D | Tom Connally (D) | 18D | |||||||||||
| Robert L. Bobbitt (D) | J. H. Walker (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1930 | 17D, 1R | |||||||||||||
| 1931 | Ross S. Sterling (D) | Edgar E. Witt (D) | James Allred (D) | George H. Sheppard (D) | Charley Lockhart (D) | James E. McDonald (D) | 150D | |||||||
| 1932 | 18D | Roosevelt/ Garner (D) | ||||||||||||
| 1933 | Miriam A. Ferguson (D) | 148D, 2I | 21D | |||||||||||
| 1934 | ||||||||||||||
| 1935 | James Allred (D) | Walter Frank Woodul (D) | William McCraw (D) | 149D, 1I | ||||||||||
| 1936 | ||||||||||||||
| 1937 | William H. McDonald (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1938 | ||||||||||||||
| 1939 | W. Lee O'Daniel (D)[lower-alpha 19] | Coke R. Stevenson (D) | Gerald Mann (D) | Bascom Giles (D) | 150D | |||||||||
| 1940 | Roosevelt/ Wallace (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1941 | ||||||||||||||
| Jesse James (D) | Andrew Jackson Houston (D) | |||||||||||||
| Coke R. Stevenson (D)[lower-alpha 18] | vacant | W. Lee O'Daniel (D) | ||||||||||||
| 1942 | ||||||||||||||
| 1943 | John Lee Smith (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1944 | Grover Sellers (D) | Roosevelt/ Truman (D) | ||||||||||||
| 1945 | ||||||||||||||
| 1946 | ||||||||||||||
| 1947 | Beauford H. Jester (D)[lower-alpha 20] | Allan Shivers (D) | Price Daniel (D) | |||||||||||
| 1948 | Truman/ Barkley (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1949 | Allan Shivers (D)[lower-alpha 18] | vacant | Robert S. Calvert (D) | Lyndon B. Johnson (D) | ||||||||||
| 1950 | 20D, 1R[lower-alpha 21] | |||||||||||||
| 1951 | Ben Ramsey (D) | John Coyle White (D) | 149D, 1R[lower-alpha 22] | 21D | ||||||||||
| 1952 | Eisenhower/ Nixon (R) | |||||||||||||
| 1953 | John Ben Shepperd (D) | 150D | Price Daniel (D) | 22D | ||||||||||
| 1954 | ||||||||||||||
| 1955 | James Earl Rudder (D) | 21D, 1R | ||||||||||||
| 1956 | ||||||||||||||
| 1957 | Price Daniel (D) | Will Wilson (D) | William A. Blakley (D) | |||||||||||
| Ralph Yarborough (D) | ||||||||||||||
| 1958 | Bill Allcorn (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1959 | ||||||||||||||
| 1960 | Kennedy/ Johnson (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1961 | Jerry Sadler (D) | William A. Blakley (D) | ||||||||||||
| John Tower (R) | ||||||||||||||
| 1962 | 148D, 2R[lower-alpha 23] | |||||||||||||
| 1963 | John Connally (D) | Preston Smith (D) | Waggoner Carr (D) | 140D, 10R | 21D, 2R | |||||||||
| 1964 | Johnson/ Humphrey (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1965 | 149D, 1R[lower-alpha 24] | 23D | ||||||||||||
| 1966 | ||||||||||||||
| 1967 | Crawford Martin (D) | 30D, 1R | 143D, 7R | 21D, 2R | ||||||||||
| 1968 | Humphrey/ Muskie (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1969 | Preston Smith (D) | Ben Barnes (D) | 29D, 2R | 141D, 8R, 1I[lower-alpha 25] | 20D, 3R | |||||||||
| 1970 | ||||||||||||||
| 1971 | Bob Armstrong (D) | 141D, 9R | Lloyd Bentsen (D) | |||||||||||
| 1972 | Nixon/ Agnew (R) | |||||||||||||
| 1973 | Dolph Briscoe (D) | William P. Hobby Jr. (D) | John Hill (D) | 28D, 3R | 133D, 17R | 20D, 4R | ||||||||
| 1974 | ||||||||||||||
| 1975 | Bob Bullock (D) | 132D, 18R | 21D, 3R | |||||||||||
| 1976 | Carter/ Mondale (D) | |||||||||||||
| 1977 | Warren G. Harding (D) | Reagan V. Brown (D) | 131D, 19R | 22D, 2R | ||||||||||
| 1978 | 27D, 4R | |||||||||||||
| 1979 | Bill Clements (R) | Mark White (D) | 127D, 23R | 20D, 4R | ||||||||||
| 1980 | Reagan/ Bush (R) | |||||||||||||
| 1981 | 24D, 7R | 113D, 37R | 19D, 5R | |||||||||||
| 1982 | ||||||||||||||
| 1983 | Mark White (D) | Jim Mattox (D) | Ann Richards (D) | Garry Mauro (D) | Jim Hightower (D) | 26D, 5R | 21D, 6R | |||||||
| 1984 | ||||||||||||||
| 1985 | 25D, 6R | 95D, 55R | Phil Gramm (R) | 17D, 10R | ||||||||||
| 1986 | ||||||||||||||
| 1987 | Bill Clements (R) | 90D, 60R | ||||||||||||
| 1988 | Bush/ Quayle (R) | |||||||||||||
| 1989 | 23D, 8R | 91D, 59R | 19D, 8R | |||||||||||
| 1990 | ||||||||||||||
| 1991 | Ann Richards (D) | Bob Bullock (D) | Dan Morales (D) | John Sharp (D) | Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) | Rick Perry (R) | 22D, 9R[lower-alpha 26] | 90D, 60R | ||||||
| 1992 | 2D, 1R | Bush/ Quayle (R) | ||||||||||||
| 1993 | 18D, 13R | 92D, 58R | Bob Krueger (D) | 21D, 9R | ||||||||||
| Martha Whitehead (D)[lower-alpha 27] | Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) | |||||||||||||
| 1994 | 91D, 59R[lower-alpha 28] | 3R | ||||||||||||
| 1995 | George W. Bush (R) | 17D, 14R | 89D, 61R | 18D, 12R | ||||||||||
| 1996 | 87D, 63R[lower-alpha 29] | Dole/ Kemp (R) | ||||||||||||
| 1997 | office abolished[lower-alpha 30] | 17R, 14D | 82D, 68R | 17D, 13R | ||||||||||
| 1998 | ||||||||||||||
| Year | Governor | Lieutenant Governor |
Attorney General |
Comptroller | Treasurer | Land Comm. | Ag. Comm. | State Senate | State House | R. R. Comm. | U.S. Senator (Class I) |
U.S. Senator (Class II) |
U.S. House |
Electoral votes |
| Executive offices | State Legislature | United States Congress | ||||||||||||
1999–present
- Resigned to take an elected seat in the United States House of Representatives.
- As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term.
- Evicted from office due to his refusal to swear an oath to the Confederate States of America.
- Fled Austin as it fell to Union forces.
- Provisional military governor.
- Was removed from office by General Philip Sheridan, commander of the Fifth Military District during Reconstruction.
- Resigned due to disagreements with General Joseph J. Reynolds.
- The office remained vacant until the 14th Legislature in 1874.
- Elected lieutenant governor in 1869 but was not inaugurated. He presided over the provisional session but left office after being selected as an at-large representative to the United States Congress.
- Elected in a special election held under military direction.
- As president pro tempore of the state Senate, served as lieutenant governor ex officio while the office remained vacant.
- Resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.
- Commissioner of Agriculture, Insurance, Statistics & History. Governor Hogg appointed Foster to the First Railroad Commission of Texas in May.
- Shot and killed in office by a former employee.
- Appointed by Governor upon the death of his predecessor.
- Governor appointed first incumbent when office was created by the Legislature.
- Resigned due to the legislature's bringing impeachment proceedings against him.
- As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term, and was subsequently in his own right.
- Resigned after winning the Democratic primary for a United States Senate seat; he won the election.
- Died in office.
- Republican Ben H. Guill won a special election to succeed Democrat Eugene Worley, who resigned, flipping a seat.
- Edward T. Dicker was the sole Republican in the legislature.
- Kenneth Williams Kohler and George F. Korkmas were the two Republicans elected in a special election.
- Frank Kell Cahoon was the sole Republican legislator.
- John Poerner won his seat as a Republican in a special election March, but changed to Independent once sworn into the House.
- Republican David Sibley won a February special election to fill the seat of Democrat Chet Edwards, who resigned to become a U.S. Representative.
- Initially appointed to fill vacancy; later elected in his or her own right.
- Representative Ric Williams switched parties.[1]
- In February 1995, Republican Todd Staples won a special election to flip a seat.[2] Later in 1995, Representative Warren Chisum switched parties.[3]
- In 1996, voters approved a constitutional amendment abolishing the Office of State Treasurer and transferring its functions to the Office of Comptroller of Public Accounts.
- Democrat Donna Howard won a special election to fill the unexpired term of Republican Todd Baxter.
- Democrat Dan Barret won a special election to fill the unexpired term of Republican Anna Mowery, and Republican Kirk England switched his party affiliation from Republican to Democratic, flipping two seats.[4][5]
- Republican John Lujan won a special election to succeed Democrat Joe Farias, who resigned, flipping a seat.[6] Additionally, Independent Laura Thompson won a special election to succeed Democrat Ruth Jones McClendon, who resigned, flipping another seat.[7]
- Republican Pete Flores won a special election to succeed Democrat Carlos Uresti, who resigned, flipping a seat.[8]
- Republican John Lujan won a special election to succeed Democrat Leo Pacheco, who resigned, flipping a seat.[9] Additionally, Ryan Guillen switched parties from Democratic to Republican.[10]
- Republican Mayra Flores won a special election to succeed Democrat Filemon Vela Jr., who resigned, flipping a seat.[11]
References
- McNeely, Dave (December 21, 1993). "Williamson party switch no surprise". Austin American Statesman. pp. A15. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
- "Republican wins District 11 seat in special vote". Houston Chronicle. February 13, 1995. p. 15.
- Attlesey, Sam (June 27, 1995). "Laughlin, tops list of converts to GOP He says switch is about principles". The Dallas Morning News. pp. 11A. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
- "Race Summary Report: Special Runoff Election State Representative District 97". Office of the Secretary of State of Texas. Retrieved 2021-07-16.
- "State Representative Kirk England switches to Democratic Party | www.pegasusnews.com | Dallas/Fort Worth". 2014-02-22. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2021-07-16.
- Gonzalez, John W. (2016-01-27). "Republican Lujan captures South Side special legislative election". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved 2021-06-28.
- Gonzalez, John W. (2016-08-03). "Independent Thompson captures District 120 seat". mySA. Retrieved 2021-06-28.
- Mikelionis, Lukas (2018-09-20). "Texas Republican wins state Senate race in district held by Democrats for 139 years". Fox News. Retrieved 2021-06-28.
- Svitek, Patrick (2021-11-02). "Republican John Lujan wins special election runoff to flip Texas House seat in San Antonio". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
- Svitek, Patrick (November 15, 2021). "State Rep. Ryan Guillen switches to GOP in latest blow to South Texas Democrats". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
- Svitek, Patrick (2022-06-11). "Republicans flip U.S. House seat in South Texas, historically a Democratic stronghold". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved 2023-01-04.
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