Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission

Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission
中央全面深化改革委员会
Abbreviation	Zhongyang Shen'gai Wei; (中央深改委)
Formation	2013
Purpose	Supra-ministerial policy coordination and consultation body on wide-ranging reforms
Location	Huairen Hall, Zhongnanhai, Beijing;
Leader	Xi Jinping
Deputy Leaders	Li Qiang; Wang Huning; Cai Qi
Parent organization	Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Subsidiaries	Office of Deepening Reforms

The Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission (Chinese: 中央全面深化改革委员会; pinyin: Zhōngyāng Quánmiàn Shēnhuà Gǎigé Wěiyuánhuì), also translated as the Central Commission for Deepening Reform, is a policy formulation and implementation body set up under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in charge of "Comprehensively Deepening Reforms". These reforms are intended to be even more far-reaching than the previous round of comprehensive Chinese economic reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping.

The Commission's main task is to determine policy guidelines for reforming the economic, political, cultural, social, ethical and party-building systems in order to address long-term reform issues, as well as to guide reform-related bodies of the CCP at central and local level, and supervise the implementation of reform plans. According to observers, the group will have the ability to push policies past the bureaucracy and help General Secretary Xi Jinping consolidate his power over China's vast government apparatus, the State Council, usually the domain of the Premier.[1]

The commission consists entirely of officials of at least "deputy national leader" rank in the official hierarchy. Most of the commission's members are also members of the Politburo of the CCP, a 25-member central decision-making body. Four of the seven members of the Politburo Standing Committee are also part of the group.

Role

The commission has become the primary mechanism for top-level policymaking.[2]^: 72 Domestic structural issues are its policy focus.[2]^: 74–75 It deliberates on and approves strategic policies in this area, with the drafting and implementing of policies being delegated to either government ministries or local branches of the commission.[2]^: 74–75 These other bodies submit reports to the central commission.[2]^: 74–75

In practice, the Xi-chaired commission outranks state administration decision-making organs, including the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council.[2]^: 72 Despite its powerful influence, the commission is a Party body and does not have the formal authority to make law.[2]^: 74–75

History

The commission was originally established as the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms (Chinese: 中央全面深化改革领导小组; pinyin: Zhōngyāng Quánmiàn Shēnhuà Gǎigé Lǐngdǎo Xiǎozǔ).[2]^: 74–75 The decision to establish the group was announced at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee in November 2013,[2]^: 72 which also approved a Decision of the CCP Central Committee on Comprehensively Deepening Reforms. On 30 December 2013, the Politburo announced that the group had been formed with Xi Jinping, the CCP's General Secretary and China's president, as its leader (zuzhang), and Li Keqiang, Liu Yunshan, and Zhang Gaoli as deputy leaders (fuzuzhang).[3]

In March 2018, the leading group is transformed to be the committee, which called the Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission.[4]

From its first meeting in early 2014 through the end of 2021, the commission convened sixty-one times.[2]^: 74–75

Organization

The implementation of the Leading Group's policy goals is delegated to six "special groups".[2]^: 72

Economic system and ecological civilization reform group
Democracy and legal system reform special group
Cultural Reform Commission
Social system reform special group
Special Committee for the Reform of the Party Building System
Discipline inspection system reform special group

Membership

19th Committee

Leader
- Xi Jinping (Politburo Standing Committee, Party General Secretary, State President)
Deputy Leaders
- Li Keqiang (Politburo Standing Committee, Premier of the State Council)
- Wang Huning (Politburo Standing Committee, First secretary of the Secretariat)
- Han Zheng (Politburo Standing Committee, Vice Premier)
Membership
- Not yet released publicly
Office of Deepening Reform
- Wang Huning, director
- Mu Hong, executive deputy chief of the General Office (deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, minister-level)

20th Committee

Leader
- Xi Jinping (Politburo Standing Committee, Party General Secretary, State President)
Deputy Leaders
- Li Qiang (Politburo Standing Committee, Premier of the State Council)
- Wang Huning (Politburo Standing Committee, Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)
- Cai Qi (Politburo Standing Committee, First Secretary of the Secretariat)
Membership
- Not yet released publicly

References

"Xi Jinping to head reform panel, taking another role from premier". South China Morning Post. 31 December 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
Pieke, Frank N; Hofman, Bert, eds. (2022). CPC Futures The New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press. doi:10.56159/eai.52060. ISBN 978-981-18-5206-0. OCLC 1354535847.
习近平任中央全面深化改革领导小组组长, Xinhua News Agency, 30 December 2013.
"CPC releases plan on deepening reform of Party and state institutions". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 March 2018.

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[obs2-1] "Xi Jinping to head reform panel, taking another role from premier". South China Morning Post. 31 December 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2023.

[:0-2] Pieke, Frank N; Hofman, Bert, eds. (2022). CPC Futures The New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press. doi:10.56159/eai.52060. ISBN 978-981-18-5206-0. OCLC 1354535847.

[pol-3] 习近平任中央全面深化改革领导小组组长, Xinhua News Agency, 30 December 2013.

[4] "CPC releases plan on deepening reform of Party and state institutions". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 March 2018.

Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
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