Midjourney
Midjourney is a generative artificial intelligence program and service created and hosted by a San Francisco-based independent research lab Midjourney, Inc. Midjourney generates images from natural language descriptions, called "prompts", similar to OpenAI's DALL-E and Stable Diffusion.[1][2]
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![]() A "mechanical dove" created with the latest iteration of Midjourney's algorithm. | |
Developer(s) | Midjourney, Inc. |
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Initial release | July 12, 2022 (open beta) |
Website | midjourney.com |
Part of a series on |
Artificial intelligence |
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The tool is currently in open beta, which it entered on July 12, 2022.[3] The Midjourney team is led by David Holz, who co-founded Leap Motion.[4] Holz told The Register in August 2022 that the company was already profitable.[5] Users create artwork with Midjourney using Discord bot commands.[6]
History
Midjourney, Inc. was founded in San Francisco, California by David Holz,[7] previously co-founder of Leap Motion.[8] The Midjourney image generation platform first entered open beta on July 12, 2022.[3] However, on March 14, 2022, the Discord server launched with a request to post high-quality photographs to Twitter/Reddit for system's training.
Model versions
The company has been working on improving its algorithms, releasing new model versions every few months. Version 2 of their algorithm was launched in April 2022[9] and version 3 on July 25.[10] On November 5, 2022, the alpha iteration of version 4 was released to users[11][12] and on March 15, 2023, the alpha iteration of version 5 was released.[13] The 5.1 model is more 'opinionated' than version 5, applying more of its own stylization to images, while the 5.1 RAW model adds improvement while working better with more literal prompts.
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Functionality
Midjourney is currently only accessible through a Discord bot on their official Discord server, by direct messaging the bot, or by inviting the bot to a third party server. To generate images, users use the /imagine
command and type in a prompt; the bot then returns a set of four images. Users may then choose which images they want to upscale. Midjourney is also working on a web interface.[16]
Uses
Founder David Holz says he sees artists as customers, not competitors of Midjourney. Holz told The Register that artists use Midjourney for rapid prototyping of artistic concepts to show to clients before starting work themselves.[5] Some artists have accused Midjourney of devaluing original creative work by using it in the training set;[17] Midjourney's terms of service includes a DMCA takedown policy, allowing artists to request their work to be removed from the set if they believe copyright infringement to be evident.[18]
The advertising industry has been quick to embrace AI tools such as Midjourney, DALL-E, and Stable Diffusion, among others. The tools, which enable advertisers to create original content and brainstorm ideas quickly are providing new opportunities such as "custom ads created for individuals, a new way to create special effects, or even making e-commerce advertising more efficient", according to Ad Age.[19]
Notable usage and controversy
The program was used by the British magazine The Economist to create the front cover for an issue in June 2022.[21][22] In Italy, the leading newspaper Corriere della Sera published a comic created with Midjourney by writer Vanni Santoni in August 2022.[23] Charlie Warzel used Midjourney to generate two images of Alex Jones for Warzel's newsletter in The Atlantic. The use of an AI-generated cover was criticised by people who felt it was taking jobs from artists. Warzel called his action a "mistake" in an article about his decision to use generated images.[24] Last Week Tonight with John Oliver included a 10-minute segment on Midjourney in an episode broadcast in August 2022.[25][26]
A Midjourney image called Théâtre d'Opéra Spatial won first place in the digital art competition at the 2022 Colorado State Fair. Jason Allen, who wrote the prompt that led Midjourney to generate the image, printed the image onto a canvas and entered it into the competition using the name "Jason M. Allen via Midjourney". Other digital artists were upset by the news.[17] Allen was unapologetic, insisting that he followed the competition's rules. The two category judges were unaware that Midjourney used AI to generate images, although they later said that had they known this, they would have awarded Allen the top prize anyway.[27]
In December 2022, Midjourney was used to create the images in an AI-generated children's book in the span of a weekend. Titled Alice and Sparkle, the book features a young girl who builds a robot that becomes self-aware. The creator, Ammaar Reeshi, spent hours tweaking Midjourney prompts, rejecting hundreds of generated results to ultimately choose 13 illustrations for the book.[28] Both the product and process drew criticism: “the main problem... is that it was trained off of artists’ work. It’s our creations, our distinct styles that we created, that we did not consent to being used," one artist wrote.[29]
Xi Jinping
In March 2023, the CEO David Holz stated that Midjourney has blocked the generation of images of Xi Jinping, the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and president of the People's Republic of China, in order to prevent the Chinese government from potentially censoring Midjourney completely over satirical images of Xi. Holz said that "the ability for people in China to use this tech is more important than your ability to generate satire."[30][31]
Litigation
On January 13, 2023, three artists – Sarah Andersen, Kelly McKernan, and Karla Ortiz – filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against Stability AI, Midjourney, and DeviantArt, claiming that these companies have infringed the rights of millions of artists, by training AI tools on five billion images scraped from the web, without the consent of the original artists.[32]
Subscription service
Midjourney has three subscription tiers,[33] and previously offered a free trial. As of April 2023, Midjourney, Inc. only offers a paid subscription service after temporarily closing free trial access due to high demand and trial abuse.
When the free trial was available, generating an image activated it. Trial users could make roughly 25 jobs before needing to subscribe to continue using it.[34]
Gallery
- Kindapper scene.
- Warabouc, a mythological creature.
- Jesus Christ in watercolour.
- Crow.
See also

References
- "Huge "foundation models" are turbo-charging AI progress". The Economist. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- Hertzmann, Aaron. "Give this AI a few words of description and it produces a stunning image – but is it art?". The Conversation. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- @midjourney (July 12, 2022). "We're officially moving to open-beta! Join now at discord.gg/midjourney. **Please read our directions carefully** or check out our detailed how-to guides here: midjourney.gitbook.io/docs. Most importantly, have fun!" (Tweet). Retrieved August 31, 2022 – via Twitter.
- Rose, Janus (July 18, 2022). "Inside Midjourney, The Generative Art AI That Rivals DALL-E". Vice.
- Claburn, Thomas (August 1, 2022). "Holz, founder of AI art service Midjourney, on future images". The Register. Retrieved September 5, 2022.
- Hachman, Mark (July 26, 2022). "Midjourney's enthralling AI art generator goes live for everyone". PCWorld. Retrieved September 5, 2022.
- Salkowitz, Rob (2022-09-16). "Midjourney Founder David Holz On The Impact Of AI On Art, Imagination And The Creative Economy". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- Vincent, James (2022-08-02). ""An engine for the imagination": an interview with David Holz, CEO of AI image generator Midjourney". The Verge. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- @midjourney (2022-04-18). "We recently started testing a V2 algorithm, it's much better with characters and animals" (Tweet). Retrieved 2023-03-19 – via Twitter.
- @midjourney (2022-07-25). "Today we're starting to test our V3 image generation algorithms" (Tweet). Retrieved 2023-03-19 – via Twitter.
- "David Holz on the official Midjourney Discord server". Discord. 2022-11-05. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- "Midjourney v4 greatly improves the award-winning image creation AI". TechSpot. Retrieved 2022-11-17.
- "Midjourney V5 Creates Better Images, Fewer Nightmare Hands". HowToGeek. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
- "Midjourney Model Versions". docs.midjourney.com. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
- Collins, Barry (2023-05-03). "Midjourney 5.1 Arrives - And It's Another Leap Forward For AI Art". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-05-05.
- Steen, Charles (January 4, 2023). ""Midjourney Is Allegedly Working on a Web Interface"". Easy With AI.
- Gault, Matthew (August 31, 2022). "An AI-Generated Artwork Won First Place at a State Fair Fine Arts Competition, and Artists Are Pissed". Motherboard. Vice. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
- "Terms of Service". Midjourney. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- Bonilla, Brian (2022-09-22). "How ad agencies are using AI image generators—and how they could be used in the future". Ad Age. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- Photos créées par des IA : une bascule vertigineuse et dangereuse, Jonathan Bouchet-Petersen, 31 March 2023, Libération.
- "How a computer designed this week's cover". The Economist. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- Liu, Gloria (21 June 2022). "DALL-E 2 Made Its First Magazine Cover". Cosmopolitan. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- Bozzi, Ida (2022-08-26). "Su "La Lettura", Highsmith inedita e le città che mutano". Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- "I Went Viral in the Bad Way". Galaxy Brain. 2022-08-17. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
- SFGATE, Dan Gentile (August 16, 2022). "John Oliver is weirdly popular on this SF-based AI image app". SFGATE. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
- Brathwaite, Lester Fabian (August 29, 2022). "John Oliver marries a cabbage in ceremony officiated by Steve Buscemi on 'Last Week Tonight'". EW.com. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
- Roose, Kevin (September 2, 2022). "An A.I.-Generated Picture Won an Art Prize. Artists Aren't Happy". The New York Times. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- Stokel-Walker, Chris (13 December 2022). "A Tech Worker Is Selling A Children's Book He Made Using AI. Professional Illustrators Are Pissed". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- Popli, Nic (14 December 2022). "He Used AI to Publish a Children's Book in a Weekend. Artists Are Not Happy About It". Time. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- "How a tiny company with few rules is making fake images go mainstream". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- McFadden, Christopher (2023-04-03). "Midjourney will no longer let you generate images of Xi Jinping". interestingengineering.com. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- Vincent, James (2023-01-16). "AI art tools Stable Diffusion and Midjourney targeted with copyright lawsuit". The Verge.
- "Midjourney Subscription Plans". docs.midjourney.com. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
- "Midjourney Quick Start Guide". docs.midjourney.com. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
External links
