National Development and Reform Commission

The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is a macroeconomic management agency under the State Council, which has broad administrative and planning control over the economy of Mainland China. It has reputation of being the "mini-state council".[1]

National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó
Guójiā Fāzhǎn hé Gǎigé Wěiyuánhuì
Emblem of the People's Republic of China
Agency overview
FormedNovember 1952 (1952-11)
Preceding agencies
  • State Planning Commission (1952–1998)
  • State Development Planning Commission (1998–2003)
TypeConstituent Department of the State Council (cabinet-level)
JurisdictionGovernment of China
HeadquartersBeijing
Minister responsible
Parent agencyState Council
Websiteen.ndrc.gov.cn
National Development and Reform Commission
Simplified Chinese国家发展和改革委员会
Traditional Chinese國家發展和改革委員會
Literal meaningState Development and Reform Commission
Commonly abbreviated as
Simplified Chinese发改委
Traditional Chinese發改委
Literal meaningDevelop-Reform-Commission
Politics of China
Leadership
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Orders of precedence
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Historical parties:
Ideology
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The candidate for the chairperson of the NDRC is nominated by the Premier of the People's Republic of China and approved by the National People's Congress. Since March 2023 the commission has been headed by Zheng Shanjie.

Synopsis

The body was first established in November 1952 as the State Planning Commission of the Central People's Government. In 1954, it was transformed to the State Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China.

In March 1998, the commission was renamed into the State Development Planning Commission. It was renamed again in March 2003 to its current name, the National Development and Reform Commission.

The NDRC's functions are to study and formulate policies for economic and social development, maintain the balance of economic development, and to guide restructuring of the economic system of Mainland China.[2] The NDRC has twenty-six functional departments/bureaus/offices with an authorized staff size of 890 civil servants. Prior to 2018, it was also responsible for enforcing China's antitrust law, but this function has been transferred to the State Administration for Market Regulation.

The NDRC is one of the main government agencies responsible for data collection for the Chinese Social Credit System.[3]

On 19 December 2020, the NDRC published rules for reviewing foreign investment on national security grounds.[4][5] The rules allow government agencies "to preview, deny and punish foreign investment activities in areas that are deemed as important to national security."[5] In October 2021, the NDRC published rules restricting private capital in "news-gathering, editing, broadcasting, and distribution."[6]

List of Ministers in charge of the Commission
No.NameOfficeTook officeLeft officePremier
1Gao GangChairman of the
Central People's Government State Planning Commission		November 1952August 1954Independent of the Premier Zhou Enlai
2Li FuchunMinister in charge of the
State Planning Commission		September 1954January 1975Zhou Enlai
3Yu QiuliJanuary 1975August 1980Zhou Enlai
Hua Guofeng
4Yao YilinAugust 1980June 1983Zhao Ziyang
5Song PingJune 1983June 1987
6Yao YilinJune 1987December 1989Zhao Ziyang
Li Peng
7Zou JiahuaDecember 1989March 1993Li Peng
8Chen JinhuaMarch 1993March 1998
9Zeng PeiyanMinister in charge of the
State Development Planning Commission		March 1998March 2003Zhu Rongji
10Ma KaiMinister in charge of the
National Development and Reform Commission		March 2003March 2008Wen Jiabao
11Zhang PingMarch 200816 March 2013
12Xu Shaoshi16 March 201324 February 2017Li Keqiang
13He Lifeng24 February 201712 March 2023
14 Zheng Shanjie 12 March 2023 Incumbent Li Qiang

Current leadership
Minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission
  1. Zheng Shanjie
Vice-ministers
  1. Mu Hong - Minister level, Deputy General Office chief of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms
  2. Zhang Yong - Minister level
  3. Ning Jizhe - Minister level
  4. Lian Weiliang (连维良)
  5. Lin Nianxiu (林念修)
  6. Hu Zucai (胡祖才)
  7. Luo Wen (罗文)[2]

Subordinates
Sub-ministry-level national administrations administed by the NDRC

See also

References
  1. Woodall, Brian (May 29, 2014). "The Development of China's Developmental State: Environmental Challenges and Stages of Growth". China Research Center. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
  2. "中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会".
  3. Liang & al. (2018). "Constructing a Data-Driven Society: China's Social Credit System as a State Surveillance Infrastructure". Policy & Internet. 10 (4): 415–453. doi:10.1002/poi3.183. S2CID 149771597.
  4. "China issues national security rules on foreign investment". Reuters. December 19, 2020.
  5. "China Defends National Security Rules for Foreign Investment". Bloomberg News. December 19, 2020.
  6. Hui, Mary (October 11, 2021). "China wants an even more dominant state monopoly on the media". Quartz. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
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