1577

Year 1577 (MDLXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1577 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1577
MDLXXVII
Ab urbe condita2330
Armenian calendar1026
ԹՎ ՌԻԶ
Assyrian calendar6327
Balinese saka calendar1498–1499
Bengali calendar984
Berber calendar2527
English Regnal year19 Eliz. 1  20 Eliz. 1
Buddhist calendar2121
Burmese calendar939
Byzantine calendar7085–7086
Chinese calendar丙子年 (Fire Rat)
4274 or 4067
     to 
丁丑年 (Fire Ox)
4275 or 4068
Coptic calendar1293–1294
Discordian calendar2743
Ethiopian calendar1569–1570
Hebrew calendar5337–5338
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1633–1634
 - Shaka Samvat1498–1499
 - Kali Yuga4677–4678
Holocene calendar11577
Igbo calendar577–578
Iranian calendar955–956
Islamic calendar984–985
Japanese calendarTenshō 5
(天正5年)
Javanese calendar1496–1497
Julian calendar1577
MDLXXVII
Korean calendar3910
Minguo calendar335 before ROC
民前335年
Nanakshahi calendar109
Thai solar calendar2119–2120
Tibetan calendar阳火鼠年
(male Fire-Rat)
1703 or 1322 or 550
     to 
阴火牛年
(female Fire-Ox)
1704 or 1323 or 551

Events

JanuaryMarch

AprilJune

  • April 17 In the Battle of Lubieszów, General Jan Zborowski leads the army of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the catastrophic defeat of most of Jan Winkelbruch's 12,000 rebels and mercenaries from the Commonwealth's richest city, Danzig, killing 4,420 of the men and capturing another 5,000 as prisoners. Only 88 of Zborowski's 2,500 troops are killed.[5][6] The Danzig Rebellion ends at the end of the year.
  • May 27 English explorer Martin Frobisher departs from Blackwall in his flagship, HMS Ayde, along with the ships Gabriel and Michael, to begin the English expedition to North America.[7]
  • May 28 The Bergen Book, better known as the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord, one of the Lutheran confessional writings, is published. The earlier version, known as the Torgau Book (1576), had been condensed into an Epitome; both documents are part of the 1580 Book of Concord.[8]
  • June 11 Sebastiano Venier becomes the new Doge of the Republic of Venice, succeeding Alvise Mocenigo, who died on June 4.[9]
  • June 12 The French city of Issoire surrenders and 3,000 of its Protestant Huguenots are massacred by the troops of the French Catholic General Francis, Duke of Anjou, on orders by King Henry III of France. The massacre is carried out 20 months after the October 15, 1575 killing of Catholic residents by Matthieu Merle.[10] Most of Issoire's buildings are torn down, and the royal troops leave an inscription on a pillar, Ici fut Issoire ("Here stood Issoire.")[11]
  • June 13 Mirza Salman Jaberi is appointed as the new Grand Vizier of Persia by Shah Ismail II, replacing Mirza Shokrollah Isfahani.
  • June 29 Mehmed II Giray becomes the new Khan of Crimea for the Ottoman Empire, after the death of his father, Devlet I Giray, from a plague.[12]

JulySeptember

OctoberDecember

  • October 19 In Italy, Giovanni Battista Gentile Pignolo is elected as the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa for a two-year term, replacing Prospero Centurione Fattinanti.
  • October 28 In Flanders (now part of Belgium), two Protestant members of the city council of Ghent, Jan van Hembyze and François van Ryhove, proclaim the Calvinist Republic of Ghent.[16] The stadtholder of Flanders, Philippe III de Croÿ, Duke of Aarschot is arrested, along with the Roman Catholic bishops Martin Rythovius of Ypres and Remi Drieux of Bruges. The Calvinist Republic will exist for seven years until the Spanish conquest of Ghent in 1584.
  • November 6 The first recorded observation from Earth of the Great Comet of 1577 takes place by Aztec astronomers in Mexico, followed by reports from Italy on November 7 and Japan on November 8.[17] Astronomer Tycho Brahe will track the comet from November 13 until January 26 before it departs the Solar System.[18]
  • November 13 In the Battle of Tedorigawa, Uesugi Kenshin's forces decisively defeat the forces of Oda Nobunaga, in what will be Kenshin's last victory before his death the following year.
  • November 19 With defeat coming close in the siege of Shigisan, Matsunaga Hisahide commits suicide.
  • December 13 Francis Drake leaves Plymouth, England, aboard the Pelican, with four other ships and 164 men, on an expedition against the Spanish, along the Pacific coast of the Americas, which will become his circumnavigation.[19]

Date unknown

Births

Deaths

References

  1. Mack P. Holt (October 13, 2005). The French Wars of Religion, 1562–1629. Cambridge University Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-1-139-44767-6.
  2. .Alastair Duke, The Reformation and Revolt in the Low Countries (Bloomsbury Academic, 2003) p.189
  3. "Ebrāhīm Mīrzā", by Marianna S. Simpson, in Encyclopedia Iranica online (1997)
  4. George Best; Wilberforce Eames (1938). The Three Voyages of Martin Frobisher in Search of a Passage to Cathay and India by the North-west, A.D. 1576-8. Argonaut Press. p. cxii.
  5. Richard Brzezinski, Polish Armies 1569-1696 (Osprey Publishing, 1988)
  6. Radoslaw Sikora, Lubieszów 17 April 1577 (Wydawnictwo Inforteditions, 2005)
  7. Robert Steven Ruby, Unknown Shore: The Lost History of England's Arctic Colony (Henry Holt and Company, 2001) p.139
  8. Theodore Gerhardt Tappert (January 1, 1959). The Book of Concord: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Fortress Press. p. 464. ISBN 978-1-4514-1894-1.
  9. Brunetti, Mario. "Venier, Sebastiano". Enciclopedia Italiana. Archived from the original on August 22, 2021.
  10. Pierre Miquel, Les Guerres de Religion ("The Wars of Religion") (Fayard, 1980) p.325
  11. "Issoire", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), Volume 14 (1911)
  12. "Devlet I Giray (ö. 985/1577) Kırım hanı (1551-1577)", in TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, ed. by Halil Inalcik (in Turkish)
  13. Njåstad, Magne. "Ludvig Munk". In Helle, Knut (ed.). Norsk biografisk leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved October 9, 2012.
  14. Mack P. Holt (October 13, 2005). The French Wars of Religion, 1562–1629. Cambridge University Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-1-139-44767-6.
  15. Renée Fossett, In Order to Live Untroubled: Inuit of the Central Arctic, 1550–1940 (University of Manitoba Press, 2001) p.37
  16. P.J. Blok, History of the People of the Netherlands: The War with Spain (G. P. Putnam's sons, 1900)
  17. "Abū'l Faẓl, independent discoverer of the Great Comet of 1577", by R. C. Kapoor, Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage vol.18, No.3 (2015) pp.249–260
  18. Harvard University Library (1971). Harvard Library Bulletin. Harvard University Library. p. 128.
  19. Frederick William Butt-Thompson (1920). King Peters of Sierra Leone. Religious Tract Society. p. 122.
  20. Irene Musillo Mitchell (1991). Beatrice Cenci. P. Lang. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-8204-1525-3.
  21. Council of Europ; Steffen Heiberg; Nationalhistoriske museum på Frederiksborg (1988). Christian IV and Europe: The 19th Art Exhibition of the Council of Europe, Denmark 1988. Foundation for Christian IV Year 1988. p. 18. ISBN 978-87-982843-2-1.
  22. Paul Oppenheimer (2002). Rubens: A Portrait. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-8154-1209-0.
  23. "Erik XIV | king of Sweden". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  24. Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge. Encyclopædia Britannica. 1964. p. 149.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.