2023 in paleoichthyology
This list of fossil fish research presented in 2023 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes that were described during the year, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2023.
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Jawless vertebrates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amaltheolepis terranovi[1] |
Sp. nov |
In press |
Blom et al. |
Devonian (Emsian) |
Shevchenkinskaya Formation |
A member of Thelodonti belonging to the group Thelodontiformes and the family Turiniidae. |
||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Gai et al. |
Devonian (Pragian) |
Xiaoshan Formation |
A member of Galeaspida belonging to the group Polybranchiaspidiformes and the family Duyunolepididae. The type species is F. novemura. |
||||
Jawless vertebrate research
- A study on the anatomy and affinities of Lasanius is published by Reeves et al. (2023), who interpret this vertebrate as a stem-cyclostome.[3]
Placoderms
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Dupret et al. |
Devonian (Givetian) |
Valentia Slate Formation |
||||
Sp. nov |
Lebedev in Lebedev et al. |
Devonian (Famennian) |
Bilovo Formation |
|||||
Placoderm research
- Brazeau et al. (2023) describe a near-complete "acanthothoracid" upper jaw from the Devonian (Pragian) Yamaat Gol locality (Mongolia), and interpret this finding as indicating that the morphology and function of "acanthoracid" jaws resemble generalized "placoderm" conditions seen also in arthrodires and rhenanids.[6]
- Engelman (2023) attempts to determine body size of Dunkleosteus terrelli, recovering the body lengths of between 3.1 and 3.5 m for typical adults and ~4.1 m for the largest individuals;[7] in a subsequent study the author reevaluates the methodology and length estimates used by Ferrón, Martinez-Perez & Botella (2017),[8] and argues that length estimates for Dunkleosteus based on the mouth dimensions of extant sharks are not reliable, as arthrodires have proportionally larger mouths than sharks.[9]
Acanthodians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Orcadacanthus[10] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Newman et al. |
Devonian |
Orcadian Basin |
A member of Acanthodiformes belonging to the family Mesacanthidae. The type species is "Acanthodes" pusillus Agassiz (1844). |
||
Acanthodian research
- Burrow & Desbiens (2023) describe dental elements of Doliodus latispinosus from the Devonian York River Formation (Quebec, Canada), finding no justification for assigning the studied isolated dental elements to a species distinct from D. latispinosus from the Atholville beds (New Brunswick, Canada).[11]
Cartilaginous fishes
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atlantobatis[12] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. The type species is A. acrodonta. |
||||
Cavusodus[13] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Itano |
Carboniferous (late Viséan–early Serpukhovian) |
A member of Petalodontiformes belonging to the family Janassidae. The type species is C. whitei. |
|||
Corysodon multicristatus[14] |
Sp. nov |
In press |
Batchelor & Duffin |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |
A neoselachian shark. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. |
|||||
‘Dasyatis’ reticulata[12] |
Sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. |
||||
Desinia[15] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ivanov in Ivanov et al. |
Permian |
A member of the family Sphenacanthidae. The type species is D. radiata. Published online in 2023, but the issue date is listed as December 2022.[15] |
|||
Karpinskiprion[16] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Lebedev & Itano in Lebedev et al. |
Carboniferous |
A member of the family Helicoprionidae. The type species is "Helicoprion" ivanovi Karpinsky (1924). |
||||
Luopingselache[17] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Wen et al. |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
A member of the family Lonchidiidae. Genus includes new species L. striata. |
||||
Maghriboselache[18] | Gen. et sp. nov | Klug et al. | Late Devonian | ![]() |
A member of the family Cladoselachidae. The type species is M. mohamezanei. | ![]() | ||
Phosphatodon cretaceus[12] |
Sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Begat et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
||||||
Ptychotrygon nazeensis[12] |
Sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. |
||||
‘Rhinobatos’ popenguinensis[12] |
Sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. |
||||
Sowibatos[12] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. The type species is S. minimus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Stumpf et al. |
Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) |
Agoudim Formation |
A member of Hybodontiformes belonging to the family Hybodontidae and the subfamily Acrodontinae. |
|||
Sulcacanthus[21] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Itano & Duffin |
Carboniferous (Viséan) |
St. Louis Formation |
A chimaera belonging to the group Squalorajoidei. The type species is S. schachti. |
||
Terangabatis[12] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Guinot et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A batomorph elasmobranch. The type species is T. thiami. |
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Cartilaginous fish research
- Fossil material of members of the genera Pucapampella and Zamponiopteron is described from the Devonian (Eifelian) Chagrapi Formation by Zevallos-Valdivia et al. (2023), representing the first record of Paleozoic vertebrates from Peru reported to date.[22]
- A study on the musculoskeletal anatomy of Iniopera is published by Dearden, Herrel & Pradel (2023), who interpret the anatomy of Iniopera as unsuited to durophagy, and consider it to be likely a high-performance suction-feeder.[23]
- Fossil material of members of at least seven species belonging to the genus Ptychodus is described from the ?Cenomanian–Santonian of the Malyy Prolom area (Ryazan Oblast, Russia) by Amadori et al. (2023), who also report the northernmost occurrence of Ptychodus in Europe from the Cenomanian of Varavinsky ravine area (Moscow Oblast, Russia), and interpret the studied fossils as indicating that Late Cretaceous epicontinental seas of the Russian platform were important areas of diversification and spread of Ptychodus.[24]
- A study on the teeth of Megachasma applegatei is published by Krak & Shimada (2023), who find that the range of the morphometric variation of teeth of M. applegatei is larger than that of teeth of extant megamouth shark, with different tooth types corresponding to tooth types present in the smalltooth sand tiger.[25]
- A study on the anatomy and affinities of Protospinax annectans, based on data from both known and previously undescribed specimens from the Tithonian Altmühltal Formation (Germany), is published by Jambura et al. (2023).[26]
- Ferrón (2023) argues that, although representatives of most squalomorph groups colonized deep waters independently during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, bioluminescence evolved only once among sharks in a bathydemersal ancestor.[27]
- A fossil egg case containing a well-preserved batoid (possibly stem-myliobatiform) embryo, with a unique combination of characters indicating that the embryo represents a previously unknown batoid form, is described from the Cenomanian Sannine limestone of Hjoula (Lebanon) by Capasso & Yamaguchi (2023).[28]
- Reinecke et al. (2023) study the anatomy and affinities of whiptail stingray teeth from the Chattian of northern Germany and the Burdigalian of southern France, transferring the species Dasyatis probsti to the genus Bathytoshia.[29]
- A study on changes of diversity of European chondrichthyans during the Neogene is published by Villafaña et al. (2023).[30]
- A study on the impact of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event on elasmobranchs is published by Guinot & Condamine (2023), who find rays and durophagous species to be more affected by the extinction than sharks and nondurophagous species, and find taxa with large geographic ranges or restricted to high-latitude settings to show higher survival.[31]
Ray-finned fishes
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amblyeleotris robusta[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Amblyeleotris. |
||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bannikov & Erebakan |
Oligocene |
A member of the family Carangidae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Marramà & Carnevale |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A member of Clupeomorpha belonging to the group Ellimmichthyiformes and the family Armigatidae. |
||||
Arnoglossus kerichensis[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A scaldfish. |
||
Arnoglossus scitulus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A scaldfish. |
||
Aseraggodes azovensis[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Aseraggodes. |
||
Butyrumichthys[35] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Schrøder et al. |
Eocene |
A stromateoiform, possibly a medusafish. The type species is B. henricii. |
||||
Callionymus bessarabianus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Callionymus. |
||
Callionymus kalinus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Callionymus. |
||
Capros crudus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Capros. |
||
Caranx rharbensis[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Caranx. |
||||
Centroberyx vonderhochti[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Centroberyx. |
||||
Cepola lombartei[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Cepola. |
||||
Chelon jurkinensis[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Chelon. |
||
Cladocynodon[37] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
De Mayrinck et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |
Barbalha Formation |
A member of the family Cladocyclidae. The type species is C. araripensis. |
||
Congiopodus? inopinatus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
Possibly a species of Congiopodus. |
||
Deltentosteus planus[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Deltentosteus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Chida, Brinkman & Murray |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A member of the family Dercetidae. |
|||||
Diaphus maghrebensis[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Diaphus. |
||||
Dicologlossa postpatens[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Dicologlossa. |
||
Galaxias crassus[39] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schwarzhans et al. |
Early Miocene |
A species of Galaxias. |
|||
Galaxias naviculus[39] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schwarzhans et al. |
Early Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A species of Galaxias. |
||
Galaxias nitidus[39] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schwarzhans et al. |
Early Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A species of Galaxias. |
||
Galaxias polei[39] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schwarzhans et al. |
Early Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A species of Galaxias. |
||
Galaxias tholus[39] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schwarzhans et al. |
Early Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A species of Galaxias. |
||
Globogobius[32] |
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A goby belonging to the subfamily Gobiinae and to the Aphia lineage. The type species is G. globulosus; genus also includes G. depressus. |
||
Hyrcanogobius eccentricus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Hyrcanogobius. |
||
Iridopristis parrisi[40] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Andrews et al. |
A stem-lineage member of Holocentridae. |
||||
Khoratamia[41] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Deesri et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Aptian) |
A member of the family Amiidae belonging to the subfamily Sinamiinae. The type species is K. phattharajani. |
|||
Kutaichthys[42] |
Gen et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Bakaev in Esin & Bakaev |
Permian |
An early ray-finned fish belonging to the group Palaeonisciformes and the family Palaeoniscidae. The type species is K. gubini Esin & Bakaev; genus also includes K. dozmerensis Esin & Bakaev. Published online in 2023, but the issue date is listed as December 2022.[42] |
|||
Maeotichthys[32] |
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
|
A member of the family Clupeidae belonging to the subfamily Alosinae. The type species is "Otolithus (Osmeridarum)" wilhelmi Djafarova (2006); genus also includes "Clupea" gomotartziensis Strashimirov (1985). |
||
Mataichthys asymmetricus[39] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schwarzhans et al. |
Early Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A species of Mataichthys. |
||
Mesogobius chersonesus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Mesogobius. |
||
Minicholepis[43] |
Gen et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bulanov, Minikh & Golubev |
Permian |
A member of Eurynotoidiformes. The type species is M. primus. Published online in 2023, but the issue date is listed as December 2022.[43] |
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Myripristis ouarredi[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Myripristis. |
||||
Neogobius ignotus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Neogobius. |
||
Neogobius uncinatus[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Neogobius. |
||
Odontobutis hayashitokuei[44] |
Sp. nov |
In press |
Yabumoto & Zhang |
Miocene |
Chojabaru Formation |
A species of Odontobutis. |
||
Ophidion tuseti[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Ophidion. |
||||
Opsodentex mordax[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A member of the family Sparidae. |
||||
Palimphemus cimmerius[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A member of the family Gadidae. |
||
Paraclupea pietrarojae[34] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Marramà & Carnevale |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
Pietraroja Plattenkalk |
A member of Clupeomorpha belonging to the group Ellimmichthyiformes and the family Paraclupeidae. |
||
Paramacroramphosus[32] |
Gen. et sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
|
A member of the family Macroramphosidae. The type species is P. pumilis; genus also includes "Оtolithus (inc. sedis)" platessaeformis Pobedina (1956). |
||
Parapristipoma bethensis[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Parapristipoma. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hilton et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
A paddlefish. The type species is P. willybemisi. |
||||
Paroxymetopon[32] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A dartfish. The type species is P. alienus. |
||
Sp. nov |
Brito & Vullo |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
Akrabou Formation |
|||||
Pomadasys zemmourensis[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Pomadasys. |
||||
Pontogobius[32] |
Gen. et 3 sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A goby belonging to the subfamily Gobiinae and to the Benthophilus lineage. The type species is P. ahnelti; genus also includes P. trigonus and P. zonatus. |
||
Pugiopsephurus[45] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hilton et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
Hell Creek Formation |
A paddlefish. The type species is P. inundatus. |
||
Rhynchoconger carnevalei[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Miocene (Tortonian) and Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Rhynchoconger. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Fang et al. |
Announced in 2022; the final article version was published in 2023. |
|||||
Scomber qirimensis[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Scomber. |
||
Spondyliosoma tingitana[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Spondyliosoma. |
||||
Surlykus[48] |
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Schrøder & Carnevale |
Eocene (Ypresian) |
A member of Argentiniformes. The type is species S. longigracilis. |
|||
Trachinus maroccanus[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Trachinus. |
||||
Trachinus wernlii[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Trachinus. |
||||
Trachurus insectus[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Trachurus. |
||||
Uranoscopus hoedemakersi[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Uranoscopus. |
||||
Uranoscopus vanhinsberghi[36] |
Sp. nov |
Schwarzhans |
Pliocene (Zanclean) |
A species of Uranoscopus. |
||||
Vologdinia[43] |
Gen et comb. nov |
Valid |
Bulanov, Minikh & Golubev |
Permian |
Poldarsa/Poldarskaya Formation |
A member of Eurynotoidiformes. The type species is "Isadia" opokiensis Minikh & Andrushkevich (2017). Published online in 2023, but the issue date is listed as December 2022.[43] |
||
Zosterisessor pontikapaionensis[32] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bratishko & Schwarzhans in Bratishko, Schwarzhans & Vernyhorova |
Miocene |
Crimea |
A species of Zosterisessor. |
||
Ray-finned fish research
- Figueroa et al. (2023) report brain and cranial nerve soft-tissue preservation in the type specimen of Coccocephalus wildi from the Carboniferous strata in the Mountain Fourfoot Mine (Pennine Lower Coal Measures; Lancashire, United Kingdom).[49]
- Martill (2023) describes a bony scute of a sturgeon from the Maastrichtian marine phosphatites of central Morocco, representing the first record of an acipenseriform fish from Africa reported to date.[50]
- New information on the morphology of the scales of members of the family Pseudobeaconiidae, based on new fossil material from the Triassic Santa Clara Abajo Formation (Argentina), is presented by Giordano, Benavente & Suárez (2023).[51]
- Systematic revision of the Late Jurassic species of Caturidae is published by López-Arbarello & Ebert (2023).[52]
- A study on the bone histology of Araripichthys castilhoi, interpreted as corroborating its placement within basal Teleostei, is published by Mayrinck et al. (2023).[53]
- Stinnesbeck et al. (2023) report the presence of two different body shape types of specimens of Tselfatia formosa from the Turonian platy limestone deposit of Vallecillo (Mexico), intepreted as evidence of sexual dimorphism, and interpret the anatomy of its fins as indicating that T. formosa lived in a deep water environment and that its lifestyle resembled that of extant fan fishes.[54]
- Redescription and a study on the affinities of Sorbinichthys elusivo is published by Taverne & Capasso (2023).[55]
- Evidence from (mostly lanternfish) otoliths from the Lindos Bay Formation (Rhodes, Greece), interpreted as indicative of an overall decline of the median size of lanternfishes in the eastern Mediterranean during MIS 19 interglacial, but also as indicative of different trends in size in individual mesopelagic species across the studied time interval, is presented by Agiadi et al. (2023).[56]
Lobe-finned fishes
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Minikh |
Triassic |
A lungfish. Published online in 2023, but the issue date is listed as December 2022.[57] |
||||
Sp. nov |
Downs et al. |
Devonian (Famennian) |
||||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gess & Ahlberg |
Devonian (Famennian) |
![]() | ||||
Whiteia giganteus[60] | Sp. nov | Brownstein | Late Triassic | Dockum Group | ![]() ![]() |
A coelacanth. | ||
References
- Blom, H.; Vaškaninová, V.; Karatajūtė-Talimaa, V.; Žigaitė, Ž. (2023). "Thelodont scales from the Lower Devonian of Novaya Zemlya Archipelago, Arctic Russia". Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 38 (1). doi:10.7203/sjp.26231. S2CID 257676099.
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