2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries

Presidential primaries and caucuses are being organized by the Democratic Party to select the delegates to the 2024 Democratic National Convention, to determine the party's nominee for president in the 2024 United States presidential election. The elections will take place in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories, and Democrats Abroad, and will be held between February and June that year.[1]

2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
February to June 2024
[lower-alpha 1]
Opinion polls
First place by first-instance vote
Previous Nominee

Joe Biden



2024 U.S. presidential election
Democratic Party
Republican Party
Third parties
Related races
2024

Incumbent President Joe Biden is running for re-election with Vice President Kamala Harris as his running mate.[2] Lawyer Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and author Marianne Williamson have also launched primary campaigns, but Biden retains a heavy polling lead.

Biden had repeatedly expressed his intent to run for re-election since 2021, but in the first two years of his presidency, there was speculation that he might not seek re-election due to his age and low approval ratings;[3][4] some prominent Democrats had publicly urged Biden not to run.[5][6][7] There had also been speculation that Biden may face a primary challenge from a member of the Democratic Party's progressive faction,[8][9] and such speculation was validated when author, progressive activist and 2020 candidate Marianne Williamson declared a primary challenge in March 2023.[10] However, Biden's approval rating slowly recovered by the end of 2022.[11] Additionally, after Democrats outperformed expectations in the 2022 midterm elections, many believed the chances that Biden would run for and win his party's nomination had increased.[12] Finally, on April 25, 2023, Biden announced via a YouTube video that he would be running for re-election.

Candidates

Declared major candidates

The candidates in this section have declared their candidacies and meet one or more of the following criteria: campaign has received substantial major media coverage; current or previous holder of significant elected office; have been included in at least five national polls.

Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
Announcement date		 Ref

Joe Biden		 November 20, 1942
(age 80)
Scranton, Pennsylvania		 46th President of the United States (2021–present)
47th Vice President of the United States (2009–2017)
U.S. Senator from Delaware (1973–2009)
New Castle County Councilman (1971–1973)
Delaware
Campaign
April 25, 2023
FEC Filing[13]		 [2]

Robert F.
Kennedy Jr.		 January 17, 1954
(age 69)
Washington, D.C.		 Environmental lawyer
Founder of Children's Health Defense
Founder of Waterkeeper Alliance
California
Campaign
April 19, 2023
FEC filing[14][15]		 [16]

Marianne
Williamson		 July 8, 1952
(age 70)
Houston, Texas		 Author
Founder of Project Angel Food
Candidate for President in 2020
Candidate for House of Representatives in 2014
California
Campaign

March 4, 2023
FEC filing[17]

 [10]

Other declared candidates

The candidates in this section are otherwise notable, but have not met the criteria outlined above.

Withdrew before the primaries

Decision pending

As of May 2023, the following notable individuals are expected to make a decision regarding their official candidacy within a set timeline.

Declined to be candidates

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running.

Vice presidential speculation

On January 19, 2022, Biden confirmed that Harris will be his running mate in 2024 in his re-election campaign.[71]

Some Democrats have been skeptical about Biden choosing Harris again as his running mate, as she has also seen similar low approval ratings to Biden. In January 2023, U.S. Senator Elizabeth Warren said in a radio interview that she supported Biden's reelection, but stopped short of supporting Harris.[72] She later clarified her position, saying she supported the Biden-Harris ticket.[73]

Timeline
Marianne Williamson 2024 presidential campaignRobert F. Kennedy Jr. 2024 presidential campaignJoe Biden 2024 presidential campaign
Active campaign Exploratory committee Withdrawn candidate
Midterm elections Primaries Democratic National Convention

Biden declared his intent in January 2022 to run for re-election, keeping vice president Kamala Harris as his running mate.[2] On September 15, he told Scott Pelley in a CBS 60 Minutes interview that he has not yet committed to run.[74] In a private conversation with civil-rights activist Al Sharpton on October 3, he reportedly told Sharpton that he is seeking re-election.[75] On October 11, he told Jake Tapper in an interview on CNN that he would decide whether or not to seek re-election after the 2022 midterm elections.[76]

Throughout 2022, several prominent Democrats publicly urged Biden not to run for a second term. On June 23, shortly after winning the Democratic nomination in the South Carolina gubernatorial race, former U.S. Representative Joe Cunningham told CNN that he believed Biden would be too old by the end of his second term and should not run in 2024. CNN pointed out that Biden had endorsed Cunningham in his 2018 and 2020 campaigns.[6] In July, U.S. Representative Dean Phillips of Minnesota said he believed that Democrats should nominate someone from a younger generation in 2024, and fellow Minnesota Representative Angie Craig agreed with him the following week.[7] On August 1, then-U.S. Representative Carolyn Maloney told The New York Times that she thought Biden should not run in 2024 and that she believed he would not run. She later apologized and said that he should run again, though she reiterated her belief that he would not.[5] In September, U.S. Representative and Ohio U.S. Senate nominee Tim Ryan similarly called for a "generational move" away from Biden during an interview with a local TV station; Forbes Magazine noted that Biden, who had endorsed Ryan, headlined a rally with him just hours after the interview aired.[7]

On February 4, 2023, the Democratic National Committee approved a new 2024 primary calendar, moving South Carolina to hold its race first on February 3, followed by Nevada and New Hampshire on February 6, Georgia on February 13, and Michigan on February 27. Iowa, which traditionally goes first, would then be held later in the primary season. This vote was preceded by a December 2022 vote of the DNC Rules and Bylaws Committee, held after a letter from President Biden requesting the change was released.[77] DNC members who supported this new plan say this will give a better representation of Democratic voters' preference during the early months of the campaign. Members of the Iowa Democratic Party and the New Hampshire Democratic Party opposed the move since they would no longer be the first two states to hold their races, respectively. Democratic officials from New Hampshire and Georgia also note that moving their primaries to comply with the new calendar would require changing their respective state laws (New Hampshire state law mandates them to hold the first primary in the country, while Georgia state law requires them to hold both the Democratic and Republican primaries on the same day), which is unlikely to happen since both states have governors and state legislatures controlled by Republicans.[78][79] New Hampshire governor Chris Sununu in particular criticized the DNC's plan as an "absolute joke ... It's just based on a personal preference of a candidate".[80] The DNC has given Georgia and New Hampshire until June to change their primary dates, but it is unclear how they will proceed if these Republican-controlled legislatures fail to change their state laws to comply.[81]

Debates

The Democratic National Committee has expressed full support for Biden and does not plan to host any official primary debates.[82]

Endorsements
Joe Biden
Main article: List of Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign primary endorsements
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
U.S. Representatives
State legislators
Local officials
Notable individuals
Marianne Williamson
State legislators
Notable individuals

Polling


Aggregate polls with declared candidates
Aggregate polls of declared candidates in the 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
Source of poll aggregation Dates Administered Dates Updatded Joe Biden Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Marianne Williamson Other/Undecided Margin
Real Clear Politics April 21–May 7, 2023 May 9, 2023 64.7% 19.7% 7.0% 8.6% 45.0%

Polling with declared candidates
Polling with declared candidates in the 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Joe
Biden		 Robert F.
Kennedy Jr.		 Marianne
Williamson		 Other Undecided Margin
YouGov May 5–8, 2023 480 (RV) 67% 10% 6% – 17% 57%
Rasmussen Reports May 3–7, 2023 910 (LV) 62% 19% 4% 15% – 43%
Echelon Insights April 25–27, 2023 513 (LV) 66% 10% 2% 5% 17% 56%
Emerson College Polling April 24–25, 2023 1,100 (RV) 70% 21% 8% – – 49%
April 25, 2023 Biden declares his candidacy
Fox News April 21–24, 2023 1,004 (RV) 62% 19% 9% – 10% 43%
Suffolk University April 19, 2023 600 (LV) 67% 14% 5% – 13% 53%
Morning Consult April 7–9, 2023 827 (LV) 70% 10% 4% 8% 8% 60%
April 5, 2023 Kennedy declares his candidacy
Echelon Insights March 27–29, 2023 370 (LV) 73% – 10% 17% – 63%
Morning Consult March 3–5, 2023 826 (LV) 77% – 4% 9% 10% 73%
March 4, 2023 Williamson declares her candidacy

Aggregate polls with hypothetical candidates
Aggregate polls of candidates in the 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
Source of poll
aggregation		 Dates
administered		 Dates
updated		 Joe
Biden		 Pete
Buttigieg		 Kamala
Harris		 Gavin
Newsom		 Alexandria
Ocasio-Cortez		 Bernie
Sanders		 Elizabeth
Warren		 Other/
Undecided[lower-alpha 3]		 Margin
Real Clear Politics February 6 – April 19, 2023 April 24, 2023 34.5% 9.5% 9.5% 3.3% 3.3% 8.8% 5.3% 25.8% 17.5%

Polls including Joe Biden
Hypothetical polling in the 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries including Joe Biden
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Stacey
Abrams		 Joe
Biden		 Pete
Buttigieg		 Kamala
Harris		 Amy
Klobuchar		 Gavin
Newsom		 Alexandria
Ocasio-Cortez		 Bernie
Sanders		 Elizabeth
Warren		 Other
April 25, 2023 Biden declares his candidacy
Big Village April 19–23, 2023 902 (A) – 32% 7% 15% 3% 5% 6% 13% 4% 13%[lower-alpha 4]
Harris Poll & HarrisX April 18–19, 2023 683 (RV) 3% 37% 6% 10% 2% 4% 2% 8% 4% 11%[lower-alpha 5]
Legar April 6–10, 2023 368 (A) – 27% 7% 10% 2% 7% – 12% 6% 7%[lower-alpha 6]
Big Village March 29–31, 2023 445 (A) – 36% 7% 15% 2% 4% 5% 13% 8% 7%[lower-alpha 7]
Harris Poll & HarrisX March 22–23, 2023 2,905 (RV) 2% 41% 5% 11% 2% 3% 3% 7% 4% 10%[lower-alpha 8]
Big Village March 15–17, 2023 434 (A) – 33% 5% 17% 5% 5% 6% 15% 7% 4%
Yahoo! News Survey/You Gov February 23–27, 2023 1,516 (LV) – 53% – 22% – – – – – 25%
McLaughlin & Associates February 17–23, 2023 442 (LV) – 26% 7% 6% 2% 3% 3% 8% 4% 41%[lower-alpha 9]
Big Village February 15–17, 2023 437 (A) – 34% 9% 13% 3% 6% 7% 13% 7% 8% [lower-alpha 10]
Harris Poll February 15–16, 2023 – 2% 36% 6% 15% 2% 4% 4% 8% 3% 20% [lower-alpha 11]
Léger February 10–13, 2023 354 (A) – 25% 10% 10% 1% 6% – 14% 4% 30% [lower-alpha 12]
Ipsos February 6–13, 2023 1,786 (RV) – 35% 10% 12% – 5% – 13% 5% 20% [lower-alpha 13]
McLaughlin & Associates January 19–24, 2023 442 (LV) – 25% 7% 6% 2% 7% 5% 5% 4% 39%[lower-alpha 14]
Big Village January 18–20, 2023 447 (A) – 34% 9% 14% 4% 5% 5% 13% 6% 9%[lower-alpha 15]
Harris Poll January 18–19, 2023 – 3% 35% 5% 12% 3% 3% 3% 11% 3% 25%[lower-alpha 16]
YouGov January 14–17, 2023 570 (LV) – 40% 10% 9% – 7% – 12% – 22%[lower-alpha 17]
YouGov January 14–17, 2023 618 (A) – 39% 10% 8% – 6% – 13% – 24%[lower-alpha 18]
YouGov January 5–9, 2023 442 (A) – 31% 11% 9% 4% 6% – 14% 9% 9%[lower-alpha 19]
Big Village January 4–6, 2023 477 (A) – 32% 8% 18% 3% 9% 8% 12% 4% 4%[lower-alpha 20]
Big Village December 16–18, 2022 466 (A) – 37% 8% 18% 3% 4% 5% 11% 5% 9%[lower-alpha 21]
Harris Poll December 14–15, 2022 685 (RV) 3% 36% 6% 10% 3% – 5% 7% 3% 27%[lower-alpha 22]
Harris Poll December 14–15, 2022 685 (RV) 3% 36% 6% 10% 3% – 5% 7% 3% 27%[lower-alpha 23]
McLaughlin & Associates December 9–14, 2022 455 (RV) – 22% 6% 8% 2% 3% 4% 8% 2% 42%[lower-alpha 24]
Marist College December 6–8, 2022 519 (RV) – 35% 16% 17% – – – – – 32%
Big Village November 30 – December 2, 2022 452 (A) – 35% 9% 15% 4% 4% 5% 13% 7% 4%[lower-alpha 25]
Cornell University Collaborative Midterm Survey October 26 – November 25, 2022 4,079 (A) – 27% 14% 15% 6% 11% 8% 12% – 7%[lower-alpha 26]
Ipsos November 9–21, 2022 569 (LV) 5% 15% 10% 11% 3% 5% 4% 7% 5% 35%[lower-alpha 27]
Emerson College November 18–19, 2022 591 (RV) – 42% 9% 17% – 6% – 12% 7% 4%[lower-alpha 28]
Big Village November 16–18, 2022 454 (A) – 39% 8% 14% – – – 11% 6% –
Harris Poll November 16–17, 2022 – 3% 35% 6% 13% 3% – 4% 9% 3% 24%[lower-alpha 29]
Zogby Analytics November 9–11, 2022 859 (LV) 2% 41% 9% 11% – 10% 6% 13% 9% –
Big Village November 9–10, 2022 446 (A) – 39% 16% 25% – – – 16% – –
November 8, 2022 2022 midterm elections
Big Village November 2–4, 2022 356 (LV) – 42% 19% 19% – – – 16% – –
Big Village November 2–4, 2022 444 (A) – 40% 16% 21% – – – 18% – –
Big Village October 31 – November 2, 2022 378 (LV) – 41% 13% 21% – – – 19% – –
Big Village October 31 – November 2, 2022 488 (A) – 39% 12% 22% – – – 22% – –
YouGov October 11–26, 2022 1,860 (RV) – 42% 14% 14% – 7% 12% – – 1%[lower-alpha 30]
YouGov October 17–19, 2022 – – 29% 13% 9% – – 7% 14% 8% 10%[lower-alpha 31]
McLaughlin & Associates October 12–17, 2022 474 (LV) 3% 27% 4% 9% 1% 3% 3% 8% 2% 40%[lower-alpha 32]
Harris Poll October 12–13, 2022 744 (RV) 3% 37% 6% 13% 1% – 4% 6% 3% 13%[lower-alpha 33]
Big Village October 5–7, 2022 362 (RV) – 44% 15% 17% – – – – 20% –
Big Village October 5–7, 2022 453 (A) – 40% 15% 20% – – – – 21% –
Big Village September 21–23, 2022 397 (RV) – 48% 16% 14% – – – – 15% –
Big Village September 21–23, 2022 434 (A) – 47% 16% 15% – – – – 15% –
McLaughlin & Associates September 17–22, 2022 471 (LV) 4% 27% 5% 6% 1% 2% 3% 7% 2% 43%[lower-alpha 34]
TIPP Insights September 7–9, 2022 596 (RV) 3% 34% 4% 10% 1% 4% 2% 7% 3% 32%[lower-alpha 35]
Big Village September 7–9, 2022 492 (A) – 43% 14% 22% – – – – 27% –
Harris Poll September 7–8, 2022 672 (RV) 4% 37% 6% 13% 3% – 3% 8% 2% 12%[lower-alpha 36]
Big Village August 24–26, 2022 487 (A) – 40% 16% 19% – – – – 19% –
McLaughlin & Associates August 20–24, 2022 468 (LV) 3% 23% 5% 8% 1% 5% 1% 6% 3% 45%[lower-alpha 37]
Big Village August 10–12, 2022 465 (A) – 37% 14% 20% – – – – 22% –
TIPP Insights August 2–4, 2022 576 (RV) 4% 30% 4% 8% 1% 6% 3% 8% 4% 32%[lower-alpha 38]
Harris Poll July 27–28, 2022 697 (RV) 4% 31% 5% 12% 3% – 3% 8% 4% 14%[lower-alpha 39]
Harris Poll June 29–30, 2022 484 (RV) 4% 30% 6% 18% 2% – 4% 8% 3% 8%[lower-alpha 40]
McLaughlin & Associates June 17–22, 2022 456 (LV) 5% 23% 5% 5% 2% 2% 6% – – 40%[lower-alpha 41]
TIPP Insights June 8–10, 2022 509 (RV) 2% 24% 4% 7% 2% 2% 3% 9% 3% 30%[lower-alpha 42]

Polls excluding Joe Biden
Hypothetical polls without Joe Biden
Poll source Date(s)
administered		 Sample
size		 Stacey
Abrams		 Cory
Booker		 Pete
Buttigieg		 Hillary
Clinton		 Andrew
Cuomo		 Kamala
Harris		 Amy
Klobuchar		 Joe
Manchin		 Gavin
Newsom		 Michelle
Obama		 Alexandria
Ocasio-Cortez		 Bernie
Sanders		 Elizabeth
Warren		 Gretchen
Whitmer		 Other Undecided
Big Village April 19–23, 2023 902 (A) – – 10% – – 28% 4% – 7% – 7% 16% 7% 3% 14%[lower-alpha 43]
Big Village March 29–31, 2023 445 (A) – – 11% – – 28% 4% – 7% – 7% 18% 11% 4% 7%[lower-alpha 44]
Echelon Insights March 27–29, 2023 530 (RV) 2% 4% 8% – – 27% 2% – 9% – 6% – 7% 5% 7%[lower-alpha 45]
Harris Poll & HarrisX March 22–23, 2023 2,905 (RV) 5% – 8% 13% 2% 22% 3% 4% 6% – 4% 10% 8% – 4%[lower-alpha 46]
Big Village March 15–17, 2023 434 (A) – – 7% – – 31% 4% – 8% – 8% 21% 10% 3% 2%
Yahoo News February 23–27, 2023 450 (LV) – – 12% – – 25% 5% – 12% – – 12% 8% 5%
Echelon Insights February 21–23, 2023 499 (LV) 3% 5% 14% – – 27% 5% 0% 6% – 6% – 8% 3% 24%[lower-alpha 47]
McLaughlin & Associates February 17–23, 2023 442 (LV) – 3% 11% 6% – 11% 3% 2% 5% 19% 5% 9% 6% – 12%[lower-alpha 48]
Big Village February 15–17, 2023 437 (A) – – 11% – – 27% 5% – 9% – 8% 18% 10% 5% 3%[lower-alpha 49]
Harris Poll February 15–16, 2023 – 3% – 8% 16% 3% 22% 4% 5% 7% – 7% 12% 3% – –
Ipsos February 6–13, 2023 1,786 (RV) – – 15% – – 27% – – 10% – – 18% 8% 4% 3%[lower-alpha 50]
Echelon Insights January 23–25, 2023 467 (LV) 4% 4% 11% – – 23% 4% – 8% – 9% – 8% 3% 9%[lower-alpha 51]
McLaughlin & Associates January 19–24, 2023 442 (LV) – 2% 8% 8% – 15% 2% 2% 7% 15% 6% 5% 5% – 11%[lower-alpha 52]
Big Village January 18–20, 2023 447 (A) – – 14% – – 29% 5% – 8% – 6% 19% 8% 4% 3%[lower-alpha 53]
Harris Poll January 18–19, 2023 – 5% – 7% 11% 2% 26% 5% 4% 6% – 4% 12% 5% – –
Big Village January 4–6, 2023 477 (A) – – 11% – – 30% 5% – 11% – 9% 17% 7% 2% 4%[lower-alpha 54]
Big Village December 16–18, 2022 466 (A) – – 10% 14% 2% 35% 5% – 7% – 6% 16% 8% 3% 3%[lower-alpha 55]
Harris Poll December 14–15, 2022 685 (RV) 3% – 9% 14% 2% 23% 4% 4% – – 5% 11% 5% – –
Echelon Insights December 12–14, 2022 523 (RV) 3% 3% 11% – – 24% 6% – 5% – 5% – 5% 3% 12%[lower-alpha 56]
476 (LV) 3% 3% 12% – – 26% 5% – 6% – 5% – 5% 3% 10%[lower-alpha 57]
McLaughlin & Associates December 9–14, 2022 455 (LV) – 1% 6% 8% – 13% 3% 2% 4% 21% 4% 9% 5% – 12%[lower-alpha 58]
YouGov December 1–5, 2022 588 (RV) – – 14% – – 19% – – 10% – 6% 13% 7% 7% –
724 (A) – – 12% – – 18% – – 9% – 7% 11% 7% 6% –
Big Village November 30 – December 2, 2022 452 (A) – – 13% – – 32% 6% – 5% – 6% 17% 9% 3% 2%[lower-alpha 59]
Echelon Insights November 17–19, 2022 496 (RV) 3% 4% 13% – – 21% 2% – 6% – 7% – 7% 4% 7%[lower-alpha 60]
496 (LV) 2% 4% 12% – – 23% 4% – 6% – 7% – 8% 3% 7%[lower-alpha 61]
Harris Poll November 16–17, 2022 – 4% – 8% – – 24% 4% 3% – – 6% 11% 6% – 3%[lower-alpha 62]
Zogby Analytics November 9–11, 2022 859 (LV) 5% – 10% – – 32% – – 6% – 10% 13% 9% – 38%
November 8, 2022 2022 midterm elections
Echelon Insights October 24–26, 2022 475 (LV) 5% 4% 11% – – 27% 3% – 4% – 7% – 6% 1% 12%[lower-alpha 63]
475 (LV) 5% 3% 14% – – 26% 4% – 6% – 5% – 7% 1% 11%[lower-alpha 64]
McLaughlin & Associates October 12–17, 2022 474 (LV) 3% 2% 6% 6% 2% 16% 2% 2% 5% 17% 5% 8% 2% 0% 24%[lower-alpha 65]
Harris Poll October 12–13, 2022 744 (RV) 3% – 10% 17% 25% 2% 4% – – 5% 11% 4% – 3%[lower-alpha 66]
Morning Consult September 23–25, 2022 893 (RV) – 4% 13% – – 26% 4% – 5% – 8% – 7% 1% 4%[lower-alpha 67]
McLaughlin & Associates September 17–22, 2022 471 (LV) 4% 1% 6% 11% 1% 11% 2% 1% 5% 18% 2% 7% 4% 0% 25%[lower-alpha 68]
Echelon Insights September 16–19, 2022 509 (LV) 8% 3% 11% – – 28% 5% – 6% – 7% – 5% 2% 8%[lower-alpha 69]
Harris Poll September 7–8, 2022 672 (RV) 6% – 9% 14% – 26% 2% 2% – – 5% 10% 5% – 3%[lower-alpha 70]
McLaughlin & Associates August 20–24, 2022 468 (LV) 4% 2% 6% 7% 1% 15% 2% 2% 4% 16% 2% 7% 5% 2% 25%[lower-alpha 71]
Echelon Insights August 19–22, 2022 515 (RV) 6% 3% 12% – – 22% 2% – 6% – 9% – 5% 2% 8%[lower-alpha 72]
505 (LV) 7% 4% 14% – – 21% 3% – 6% – 5% – 6% 2% 8%[lower-alpha 73]
Harris Poll July 27–28, 2022 697 (RV) 5% – 8% – – 23% 4% 4% – – 5% 8% 4% – 4%[lower-alpha 74]
Suffolk University July 22–25, 2022 440 (RV) – – 16% 8% – 18% 11% – 8% – 10% 18% – – –
Echelon Insights July 15–18, 2022 500 (RV) 7% 4% 10% – – 27% 3% 0% 7% – 5% – 7% 1% 10%[lower-alpha 75]
493 (LV) 6% 5% 13% – – 26% 3% 0% 7% – 5% – 7% 1% 9%[lower-alpha 76]
Harris Poll June 29–30, 2022 484 (RV) 4% – 6% – – 25% 4% 1% – – 4% 12% 6% – 14%[lower-alpha 77]
McLaughlin & Associates June 17–22, 2022 456 (LV) 6% 3% 8% 7% 1% 13% 3% 2% 3% 19% 7% – – – 13%[lower-alpha 78]
Echelon Insights June 17–20, 2022 489 (RV) 5% 5% 11% – – 30% 3% 0% 5% – 6% – 6% 2% 8%[lower-alpha 79]
484 (LV) 6% 6% 12% – – 27% 4% 0% 5% – 7% – 6% 2% 8%[lower-alpha 80]
Zogby Analytics May 23–24, 2022 554 (LV) 5% – – 21% – 19% – – 5% 21% – 8% 4% – 7%[lower-alpha 81] 10%
Echelon Insights May 20–23, 2022 474 (LV) 7% 7% 12% – – 30% 2% – 4% – 4% – 5% 1% 7%[lower-alpha 82] 21%
480 (RV) 7% 5% 11% – – 31% 2% – 3% – 8% – 5% 1% 7%[lower-alpha 83] 20%
Harvard/Harris May 18–19, 2022 – 3% – 7% 10% – 19% 3% 6% – – 4% 10% 4% – 4%[lower-alpha 84] 28%
McLaughlin & Associates April 22–26, 2022 463 (LV) 6% 3% 9% 9% 2% 17% 4% 1% 2% 23% 1% 4% – – 4%[lower-alpha 85] 17%
Harvard/Harris April 20–21, 2022 727 (RV) 5% – 8% 14% – 31% 3% 4% – – 6% 10% 5% – – 14%
Echelon Insights April 18–20, 2022 469 (RV) 5% 6% 10% – – 31% 3% 1% 1% – 6% – 6% 1% 9%[lower-alpha 86] 19%
456 (LV) 6% 7% 11% – – 30% 4% 1% 1% – 5% – 6% 1% 8%[lower-alpha 87] 20%
Harvard/Harris March 23–24, 2022 740 (RV) 6% – 8% 15% – 28% 4% 3% – – 4% 9% 4% – – 19%
Echelon Insights March 18–21, 2022 472 (LV) 6% 4% 9% – – 26% 5% – 2% – 7% – 8% 1% 8%[lower-alpha 88] 24%
490 (LV) 6% 4% 11% – – 26% 6% – 2% – 6% – 8% 1% 6%[lower-alpha 89] 22%
McLaughlin & Associates March 17–22, 2022 466 (LV) 5% 3% 7% 7% 1% 18% 2% 2% 2% 20% 2% 6% – – 9%[lower-alpha 90] 18%
Harvard/Harris February 23–24, 2022 750 (RV) 5% – 8% 13% – 29% 3% 5% – – 5% 9% 6% – – 17%
Echelon Insights February 19–23, 2022 543 (RV) 8% 6% 9% – – 29% 3% – 2% – 10% – 6% 0% 8%[lower-alpha 91] 21%
McLaughlin & Associates February 16–22, 2022 453 (LV) 6% 4% 10% 9% 1% 15% 2% 2% 4% 22% 6% – – – 8%[lower-alpha 92] 13%
Echelon Insights January 21–23, 2022 477 (RV) 6% 5% 12% – – 30% 3% – 2% – 5% – 8% 1% 7%[lower-alpha 93] 21%
Harvard/Harris January 19–20, 2022 672 (RV) 6% – 7% 17% – 23% 2% 3% – – 6% 12% 7% – – 17%
McLaughlin & Associates January 13–18, 2022 463 (LV) 6% 4% 6% 9% 2% 16% 3% 2% 2% 22% 9% – – – 4%[lower-alpha 94] 15%
Morning Consult December 11–13, 2021 916 (RV) – 5% 11% – – 31% 3% – 3% – 8% – 8% – 3%[lower-alpha 95] 16%
Echelon Insights December 9–13, 2021 479 (RV) 5% 6% 7% – – 33% 3% 2% 1% – 5% 14% 8% 2% 2%[lower-alpha 96] 8%
Harvard/Harris November 30 – December 2, 2021 1,989 (RV) 5% 5% 8% – – 31% 5% – – – 7% 15% 7% 2% 14%[lower-alpha 97] –
Hill-HarrisX November 18–19, 2021 939 (RV) 4% 3% 5% – – 26% 3% – 4% 15% 5% 7% 2% 1% 10%[lower-alpha 98] 16%
Echelon Insights November 12–18, 2021 458 (LV) 6% 6% 8% – – 29% 2% 1% 2% – 5% 16% 6% 0% 0%[lower-alpha 99] 16%
McLaughlin & Associates November 11–16, 2021 450 (LV) 5% 3% 8% – 2% 22% 5% – – 23% 5% – – – 32%[lower-alpha 100] –
YouGov/Yahoo News October 19–21, 2021 671 (A) 7% – 9% – – 22% – – – – 7% 12% 8% – 4%[lower-alpha 101] 31%
Echelon Insights October 15–19, 2021 533 (LV) 5% 4% 9% – – 23% 4% 1% 3% – 5% 16% 6% 0% 2%[lower-alpha 102] 20%
McLaughlin & Associates October 14–18, 2021 473 (LV) 5% 3% 9% – 2% 29% 3% 2% 2% 18% 7% – – – 8%[lower-alpha 103] 14%
McLaughlin & Associates September 9–14, 2021 476 (LV) 5% 4% 7% – 2% 29% 3% – 2% 17% 7% – – – 6%[lower-alpha 104] 17%
Echelon Insights August 13–18, 2021 514 (RV) 6% 6% 11% – – 33% 2% – 2% – 8% – 5% 1% 8%[lower-alpha 105] 18%
McLaughlin & Associates July 29 – August 3, 2021 467 (LV) 4% 5% 8% 4% – 28% 2% – 2% 16% 7% – – 10%[lower-alpha 106] 14%
YouGov/Yahoo News July 30 – August 2, 2021 697 (A) 4% – 6% – – 44% – – – – 4% 10% 6% – 18%[lower-alpha 107] 20%
McLaughlin & Associates June 16–20, 2021 463 (LV) 5% 3% 4% – 2% 31% 3% – 1% 19% 5% – – – 11%[lower-alpha 108] 16%
McLaughlin & Associates May 12–18, 2021 459 (LV) 4% 4% 6% – 1% 35% 3% – 2% 16% 7% – – – 11%[lower-alpha 109] 13%
Trafalgar Group Apr 30 – May 6, 2021 – (LV)[lower-alpha 110] – – 9% – – 41% 5% – – – 8% – – – 36%[lower-alpha 111] –
McLaughlin & Associates Apr 8–13, 2021 458 (LV) – 4% 5% – 2% 34% 4% – 2% 20% 3% – – – 13%[lower-alpha 112] 12%
McLaughlin & Associates Feb 24–28, 2021 443 (LV) – 4% 7% – 1% 28% 3% – – 23% 8% – – 12%[lower-alpha 113] 14%
January 20, 2021 Inauguration of Joe Biden
McLaughlin & Associates Dec 9–13, 2020 445 (LV) – 3% 5% – 5% 25% 2% – – 29% 7% – – – 8%[lower-alpha 114] 18%
McLaughlin & Associates/Newsmax Nov 21–23, 2020 445 (LV) – 2% 6% – 5% 29% 2% – – 23% 6% – – – 5%[lower-alpha 115] 23%
November 3, 2020 2020 presidential election
McLaughlin & Associates Nov 2–3, 2020 461 (LV) – 2% 8% – 8% 18% – – – 25% 6% – – – 6%[lower-alpha 116] 28%
Léger Aug 4–7, 2020 1,007 (LV) 6% 7% 14% – 20% 13% 6% – 8% – 9% 6% – – 24%[lower-alpha 117]
390 (LV) 6% 6% 16% – 21% 19% 6% – – – 9% – – – 17%[lower-alpha 118] –


Campaign finance

This is an overview of the money used by each campaign as it is reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Totals raised include individual contributions, loans from the candidate, and transfers from other campaign committees. Individual contributions are itemized (catalogued) by the FEC when the total value of contributions by an individual comes to more than $200. The last column, Cash On Hand (COH), shows the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of March 31, 2023.

Candidate Total raised Individual contributions Debt Spent COH
Total Unitemized Pct
Biden[93] $360 $0 $0 0% $0 $423,441 $1,364,417
Kennedy[94] did not file
Williamson[95] $772,892 $664,679 $309,430 46.6% $106,000 $532,744 $240,148

See also

Notes
  1. 2,260 of 4,518 delegates needed to win any subsequent ballots at a contested convention lasting more than a single round of balloting. As of May 2023, the number of extra unpledged delegates (superdelegates), who after the first ballot at a contested convention participate in any subsequently needed nominating ballots (together with the 3,770 pledged delegates), is expected to be 744, but the exact number of superdelegates is still subject to change due to possible deaths, resignations, accessions, or potential election as a pledged delegate.
  2. Segal announced in August 2022 that he intended to run for the Democratic Presidential nominee,[19] but later switched to run in the 2024 United States Senate election in Maryland in May 2023.[20]
  3. Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
  4. Kennedy with 7%; Shapiro, Williamson and Whitmer with 2%
  5. Hillary Clinton with 7%; Andrew Cuomo with 2%; Joe Manchin and Marianne Williamson with 1%
  6. Whitmer with 4%; and Booker with 3%
  7. Whitmer with 3%; Williamson and Shapiro with 1%
  8. Hillary Clinton with 6%; Joe Manchin with 2%; Andrew Cuomo and Marianne Williamson with 1%
  9. Michelle Obama with 14%; Hillary Clinton with 4%; Beto O'Rourke, Phil Murphy and Cory Booker with 2%; Manchin, Kaine, Hickenlooper, Gillibrand, Steyer and Polis with 1%; Adams and Patrick with 0%
  10. Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; Josh Shapiro with 1%
  11. Hillary Clinton with 8%; Andrew Cuomo with 2%; Manchin with 1%
  12. Cory Booker with 6%; Gretchen Whitmer with 2%
  13. Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Josh Shapiro with 2%
  14. Michelle Obama with 14%; Hillary Clinton with 6%; O'Rourke and Polis with 2%; Booker, Manchin, Kaine and Gillibrand with 1%; Phil Murphy, Adams, Hickenlooper, Patrick, Steyer and Markle with 0%
  15. Gretchen Whitmer and Josh Shapiro with 3%
  16. Hillary Clinton with 8%; Manchin and Cuomo with 1%
  17. Gretchen Whitmer with 3%
  18. Gretchen Whitmer with 3%
  19. Gretchen Whitmer with 5%; Raphael Warnock with 4%
  20. Josh Shapiro with 2%; Whitmer with 1%
  21. Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Shapiro with 1%
  22. Hillary Clinton with 7%; Michael Bloomberg with 3%; Joe Manchin and Andrew Cuomo with 2%
  23. Hillary Clinton with 7%; Michael Bloomberg with 3%; Joe Manchin and Andrew Cuomo with 2%
  24. Michelle Obama with 18%; Hillary Clinton with 6%; O'Rourke with 3%; Booker with 2%; Winfrey and Manchin with 1%; Phil Murphy, Kaine, Adams, Hickenlooper, Patrick, Gillibrand, Steyer and Polis with 0%
  25. Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Shapiro with 1%
  26. Hillary Clinton with 7%
  27. Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Polis with 1%; Cooper with 0%
  28. Gretchen Whitmer and Jared Polis with 2%
  29. Hillary Clinton with 6%; Joe Manchin and Michael Bloomberg with 2%
  30. Hochul with 1%
  31. Hillary Clinton with 10%
  32. Michelle Obama with 12%; Hillary Clinton and O'Rourke with 5%; Winfrey and Booker with 2%; McConaughey, Manchin, Cuomo, Phil Murphy and Adams with 1%; Kaine, Hickenlooper, Patrick, Gillibrand, Steyer and Polis with 0%
  33. Hillary Clinton with 9%; Michael Bloomberg and Joe Manchin with 2%
  34. Michelle Obama with 16%; Hillary Clinton with 6%; Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Matthew McConaughey with 2%; Booker, Winfrey, Manchin, Kaine, Hickenlooper, Steyer and Polis with 1%; Cuomo, Murphy, Adams, Patrick and Gillibrand with 0%
  35. Michelle Obama with 11%; Hillary Clinton with 5%; Kennedy, Whitmer, Booker, Pritzker, Adams, Manchin, Bennet, Inslee and Lujan Grisham with 1%; Gabbard with 0%
  36. Hillary Clinton with 7%; Michael Bloomberg with 3%; Joe Manchin with 2%
  37. Michelle Obama with 13%; Hillary Clinton with 6%; Beto O'Rourke with 4%; Cory Booker and Joe Manchin with 2%; Winfrey, McConaughey, Cuomo, Murphy and Adams, Hickenlooper, Gillibrand and Steyer with 1%; Kaine and Polis with 0%
  38. Michelle Obama with 10%; Hillary Clinton with 5%; Cory Booker with 3%; Gretchen Whitmer and Kennedy with 2%; Pritzker and Gabbard with 1%; Bennet, Lujan Grisham, Manchin, Inslee and Adams with 0%
  39. Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin with 3%; Michael Bloomberg with 2%
  40. Hillary Clinton with 6%; Manchin and Bloomberg with 1%
  41. Michelle Obama with 18%; Hillary Clinton with 5%; Beto O'Rourke with 4%; Cory Booker with 3%; Oprah Winfrey with 2%; Manchin, McConaughey, Cuomo, Murphy, Kaine and Adams with 1%; Hickenlooper, Patrick, Gillibrand and Steyer with 0%
  42. Michelle Obama with 14%; Hillary Clinton with 6%; Cory Booker with 3%; Kennedy, Whitmer, Bennet, Lujan Grisham and Gabbard with 1%; Manchin, Inslee and Pritzker with 0%
  43. Kennedy with 10%; Williamson and Shapiro with 2%
  44. Marianne Williamson with 3%; and Josh Shapiro with 4%
  45. Marianne Williamson with 4%; and Roy Cooper, Phil Murphy, and Rapheal Warnock with 1%
  46. Marianne Williamson with 1%
  47. Raphael Warnock with 2%; JB Pritzker with 1%; Beshear, Cooper and Raimondo on 0%
  48. Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Phil Murphy with 1%; Gillibrand, Adams, Patrick, Hickenlooper, Steyer, and Polis with 1%; Kaine and Pritzker with 0%
  49. Josh Shapiro with 3%, Pritzker with 0%
  50. Josh Shapiro with 3%, Pritzker with 0%
  51. Pritzker with 3%, Raimondo, Polis and Warnock with 1%; Beshear, Cooper, Murphy, Adams and Landrieu with 0%
  52. Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Gillibrand, Adams, Patrick, Murphy, Hickenlooper, Steyer, Markle and Polis with 1%; Kaine and Pritzker with 0%
  53. Josh Shapiro with 3%, Pritzker with 0%
  54. Josh Shapiro with 4%, Pritzker with 0%
  55. Josh Shapiro with 3%; Pritzker with 0%
  56. Pritzker and Warnock with 3%; Beshear, Raimondo, Murphy, Adams and Polis with 1%; Landrieu and Cooper with 0%
  57. Pritzker and Warnock with 2%; Cooper, Murphy, Polis and Adams with 1%; Beshear, Landrieu and Raimondo with 0%
  58. Beto O'Rourke with 4%; Oprah Winfrey with 3%; Kaine and Gillibrand with 1%; Adams, Patrick, Murphy, Pritzker, Hickenlooper, Steyer, and Polis with 0%
  59. Josh Shapiro with 2%, Pritzker with 0%
  60. Phil Murphy with 2%; Beshear and Warnock with 1%; Sinema, Cooper, Landrieu, Pritzker, Raimondo, Adams, and Polis with 0%
  61. Phil Murphy with 2%; Beshear and Warnock with 1%; Sinema, Cooper, Landrieu, Pritzker, Raimondo, Adams, and Polis with 0%
  62. Michael Bloomberg with 3%
  63. Andy Beshear with 3%; Raphael Warnock with 2%; Sinema, Cooper, Landrieu, Murphy, Pritzker, and Adams with 1%; Raimondo and Polis with 0%
  64. Andy Beshear and Raphael Warnock with 2%; Sinema, Cooper, Pritzker, and Adams with 1%; Landrieu, Raimondo, Murphy and Polis with 0%
  65. Beto O'Rourke with 5%; Oprah Winfrey with 2%; McConaughey, Polis, Patrick, Hickenlooper and Steyer with 1%; Adams, Kaine, Murphy, Pritzker, and Gillibrand with 0%
  66. Michael Bloomberg with 3%
  67. Adams, Pritzker, and Raimondo with 1%; Cooper with 0%
  68. Beto O'Rourke with 5%; Oprah Winfrey with 3%; Matthew McConaughey and Jared Polis with 2%; Adams, Murphy, Gillibrand, Patrick, Pritzker, Hickenlooper, and Steyer with 1%; Omar with 0%
  69. Murphy, Polis, Pritzker, and Warnock with 1%; Raimondo, Beshear, Sinema, Cooper and Landrieu with 0%
  70. Michael Bloomberg with 3%
  71. Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Tim Kaine, Oprah Winfrey and Matthew McConaughey with 2%; Adams, Murphy, Gillibrand, and Steyer with 1%; Patrick, Hickenlooper, Omar, Pritzker, and Polis with 0%
  72. Phil Murphy and Kyrsten Sinema with 2%; Beshear, Adams, Polis, and Warnock with 1%; Cooper, Landrieu, Pritzker, and Raimondo with 0%
  73. Phil Murphy with 2%; Beshear, Sinema, Adams, Polis, and Warnock with 1%; Cooper, Pritzker, Landrieu, and Raimondo with 0%
  74. Michael Bloomberg with 4%
  75. Pritzker and Warnock with 2%; Murphy, Adams, Raimondo and Polis with 1%; Beshear, Sinema, Cooper and Landrieu with 0%
  76. Pritzker with 2%, Murphy, Adams, Polis and Warnock with 1%; Beshear, Sinema, Cooper, Landrieu and Raimondo with 0%
  77. Michael Bloomberg with 3%
  78. Beto O'Rourke with 4%; Oprah Winfrey and Matthew McConaughey with 2%; Adams, Kaine, Patrick, and Murphy with 1%; Gillibrand, Hickenlooper, Pritzker, and Steyer with 0%
  79. Pritzker with 2%, Sinema, Murphy and Warnock with 1%; Beshear, Raimondo, Adams, Polis, Cooper and Landrieu with 0%
  80. Kyrsten Sinema, Phil Murphy, JB Pritzker, and Raphael Warnock with 1%; Beshear, Raimondo, Adams, Polis, Cooper, and Landrieu with 0%
  81. Jill Biden with 7%
  82. Cooper, Raimondo and Pritzker with 1%; Beshear, Sinema, Landrieu, Murphy, Adams, Polis and Warnock with 0%
  83. Cooper, Raimondo and Pritzker with 1%; Beshear, Sinema, Landrieu, Murphy, Adams, Polis and Warnock with 0%
  84. Michael Bloomberg with 4%
  85. Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Beto O'Rourke, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Phil Murphy, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 0%
  86. Tulsi Gabbard with 2%; Cooper and Murphy with 1%; Beshear, Sinema, Landrieu, Adams, Polis, Raimondo and Pritzker with 0%
  87. Tulsi Gabbard with 2%; Cooper and Murphy with 1%; Beshear, Sinema, Landrieu, Adams, Polis, Raimondo and Pritzker with 0%
  88. Eric Adams with 2%; Cooper, Raimondo, Murphy, Pritzker and Polis with 1%; Landrieu, Beshear, Raimondo and Sinema with 0%
  89. Cooper and Adams with 1%; Sinema, Beshear, Landrieu, Raimondo, Pritzker, Murphy and Polis with 0%
  90. Beto O'Rourke with 3%, Tom Steyer with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Ilhan Omar with 0%
  91. Roy Cooper with 2%; Beshear, Sinema, Raimondo and Murphy with 1%; Landrieu, Pritzker and Adams with 0%
  92. Beto O'Rourke with 3%; John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Eric Adams, Kirsten Gillibrand, and Ilhan Omar with 0%
  93. Beshear, Sinema, Cooper, Landrieu, Raimondo, Pritzker and Adams with 1%; Murphy with 0%
  94. Beto O'Rourke with 2%; Eric Adams and John Hickenlooper with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 0%
  95. Cooper, Adams and Raimondo with 3%
  96. Gabbard with 1%; Beshear and Sinema with 0%
  97. Other/Don't know with 14%
  98. "Someone else" with 3%; Michael Bloomberg and Beto O'Rourke with 2%; Sherrod Brown, Andrew Yang, and Katie Porter with 1%
  99. "Someone else", Andy Beshear, Tulsi Gabbard and Kyrsten Sinema with 0%
  100. Beto O'Rourke with 3%, other with 29%
  101. Sherrod Brown with 4%
  102. "Someone else" and Tulsi Gabbard with 1%; Andy Beshear and Kyrsten Sinema with 0%
  103. Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%
  104. Beto O'Rourke with 3%, Kirsten Gillibrand, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine and Ilhan Omar with 0%
  105. O'Rourke and Yang with 2%; Besehar, Gabbard, and Gillibrand with 1%; Sinema with 0%
  106. Andrew Yang with 4%; John Hickenlooper and Beto O'Rourke with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Tim Kaine with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%
  107. Sherrod Brown with 2%
  108. Beto O'Rourke and Andrew Yang with 3%; John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Ilhan Omar with 1%
  109. Tim Kaine, Beto O'Rourke, Deval Patrick, and Andrew Yang with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper and Ilhan Omar with 1%
  110. Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters
  111. "Someone else" with 26%; Beto O'Rourke with 4%, Andrew Yang with 3%, Julian Castro with 2%; John Bel Edwards with 1%
  112. Andrew Yang with 4%, Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper and Beto O'Rourke with 2%; Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%
  113. Andrew Yang with 4%, John Hickenlooper and Beto O'Rourke with 2%; Tim Kaine, Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Gavin Newsom with 0%
  114. John Hickenlooper with 3%; Tim Kaine with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar and Deval Patrick with 1%
  115. Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%
  116. John Hickenlooper with 3%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 1%
  117. Andrew Yang with 14%, Beto O'Rourke with 6%, Kirsten Gillibrand with 4%
  118. Andrew Yang with 8%, Beto O'Rourke with 6%, Kirsten Gillibrand with 3%

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