1952 Alberta general election

The 1952 Alberta general election was held on August 5, 1952, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

1952 Alberta general election

August 5, 1952 (1952-08-05)

61 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta
31 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
LIB
Leader Ernest Manning James H. Prowse
Party Social Credit Liberal
Leader since May 31, 1943 June 25, 1947
Leader's seat Edmonton Edmonton
Last election 51 seats, 55.6% 2 seats, 17.9%
Seats before 49 2
Seats won 53 3
Seat change Increase4 Increase1
Popular vote 167,789 66,738
Percentage 56.2% 22.4%
Swing Increase0.6% Increase4.5%

  Third party Fourth party
 
CON
Leader Elmer E. Roper None
Party Co-operative Commonwealth Conservative
Leader since 1942
Leader's seat Edmonton
Last election 2 seats, 19.1% did not contest
Seats before 2 0
Seats won 2 2
Seat change ±0 Increase2
Popular vote 41,929 10,971
Percentage 14.1% 3.7%
Swing Decrease4.7%

Premier before election

Ernest Manning
Social Credit

Premier after election

Ernest Manning
Social Credit

Ernest C. Manning in his third election as leader of the Social Credit Party, and its first election since the Social Credit Party paid off Alberta's first debt in 1949, led it to its fifth consecutive election victory, increasing its share of the popular vote, and winning fifty two of the sixty one seats in the legislature.

The Liberal Party formed the official opposition with only four seats. The Conservative Party returned to Alberta politics again, nominating candidates both under the "Conservative" banner, and under the "Progressive Conservative" banner recently adopted by its federal counterpart. The party won two seats, one under each banner. The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation won two seats, one that of leader Elmer Roper. The remaining seat was won by an Independent.

This provincial election, like the previous six, saw district-level proportional representation (Single transferable voting) used to elect the MLAs of Edmonton and Calgary. City-wide districts were used to elect multiple MLAs in the cities. All the other MLAs were elected in single-member districts through Instant-runoff voting.

Voter turn-out was 59.4 percent in this election.[1]

Electoral redistribution

An Act was passed in 1950 that provided for the increase in the number of MLAs from 57 to 61, upon the next election.[2] Calgary now returned six MLAs and Edmonton seven (instead of the five each previously had), and the following other changes were made:

AbolishedNew
New districts
Renaming of districts
  • Beaver River
  1. from part of St. Paul
  2. also receiving part of Athabasca

Results

Elections to the 12th Alberta Legislative Assembly (1952)
Party Leader Candidates First-preference votes Seats
Votes ±  % Fpv Change (pp) 1944 1948 ±
Social Credit Ernest C. Manning 61167,7893,786Increase56.24 0.61 0.61
 
51
53 / 61
2Increase
Liberal James H. Prowse 5566,73814,083Increase22.37 4.51 4.51
 
2
3 / 61
1Increase
Co-operative Commonwealth Elmer Roper 4141,92914,458Decrease14.05 -5.08
 
2
2 / 61
Steady
Conservative 56,2716,271Increase2.10 2.10 2.1
 
1 / 61
1Increase
Progressive Conservative 74,7004,700Increase1.57 1.57 1.57
 
1 / 61
1Increase
Independent Social Credit 64,2031,245Increase1.41 0.41 0.41
 
1
1 / 61
Steady
  Independent Citizen's Association Did not campaign[a 1] -4.40
 
1
0 / 61
1Decrease
Independent Labour 12,9272,071Decrease0.98 0.68 0.68
 
Labor–Progressive 21,132240Decrease0.47 -3.67
 
Independent 1705705Decrease0.24 0.24 0.24
 
Farmer 1655655Increase0.22 0.22 0.22
 
Labour 15273,052Decrease0.18 -1.03
 
Independent Farmer 1463463Increase0.16 0.16 0.16
 
People's candidate 1296296Increase0.10 0.10 0.1
 
Total183 298,335 100.00%
Rejected ballots 20,6132,906Increase
Turnout 318,9486,448Increase 59.4%4.1Decrease
Registered voters 537,17047,859Increase
  1. John P. Page campaigned and won re-election as a Conservative.

MLAs elected

    Synopsis of results

    Results by riding  1952 Alberta general election (all except Calgary, Edmonton and servicemember MLAs)[3]
    Riding First-preference votes[a 1] Turnout
    [a 2]
    Final counts Winning party
    Name SC CCF Lib I-SC Oth Total SC CCF Lib I-SC Farm 1948 1952
     
    Acadia-Coronation Acclamation SC SC
    Alexandra 2,4121,0713,483 58.2% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Athabasca 2,0126238644633,962 66.3% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Banff-Cochrane 1,8451,0354913,371 56.8% Elected on 1st count I-SC SC
    Bonnyville 2,4971,2903,787 67.4% Elected on 1st count New SC
    Bow Valley-Empress 2,4751,5604,035 67.9% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Bruce 2,1571,2107564,123 67.9% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Camrose 2,9191,1321,0155,066 65.1% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Cardston 2,0116302,641 56.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Clover Bar 2,2389357693,942 66.2% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Cypress 2,2401,0483,288 61.2% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Didsbury 2,8701,2534,123 62.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Drumheller 3,4583083,766 62.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Edson 2,4801,9654,445 60.8% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Gleichen 2,0612736753,009 61.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Grande Prairie 2,9679029354,804 65.4% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Grouard 2,2349512,3585,543 65.5% 2,4052,558 SC Lib
    Hand Hills 2,8061,1453,951 69.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Lac La Biche 1,8321,7923,624 68.5% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Lac Ste. Anne 1,6391,5201,0694694,697 71.9% 2,0341,878 SC SC
    Lacombe 2,4469757574,178 70.3% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Leduc 1,2071,3312,0514,589 63.7% 1,4222,406 SC I-SC
    Lethbridge 4,9751,9016,876 53.7% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Little Bow 2,6684111,0014,080 71.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Macleod 3,2324967734,501 83.9% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Medicine Hat 4,7241,6016,325 58.8% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Okotoks-High River 3,0771,2914,368 64.8% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Olds 3,0641,6114,675 66.6% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Peace River 3,3521,1771,2145,743 57.8% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Pembina 2,8189411,1274,886 69.5% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Pincher Creek-Crowsnest 3,2071,0084,215 62.4% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Ponoka 2,3778001,2144,391 70.7% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Red Deer 4,9071,4966,403 58.8% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Redwater 1,6771,0021,2682964,243 68.8% 1,8331,644 SC SC
    Rocky Mountain House 2,8861,1654,051 56.2% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    St. Albert 2,2181,2921,4965,006 70.6% 2,4202,019 SC SC
    St. Paul 2,5812,2354,816 71.1% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Sedgewick 2,7146348134,161 68.7% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Spirit River 1,7381,2228615504,371 66.3% 2,0411,418 SC SC
    Stettler 2,2757521,2254424,694 69.6% 2,3977841,339 SC SC
    Stony Plain 1,9911,2181,0624,271 68.7% 2,1771,530 SC SC
    Taber 2,8097173,526 58.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Vegreville 1,9811,4341,1824,597 75.4% 2,2391,710 SC SC
    Vermilion 1,9558698356554,014 66.3% 2,058983713 SC SC
    Wainwright 2,5781,1057054,388 62.0% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Warner 1,9046332,537 49.3% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Wetaskiwin 2,6641,0291,0292004,922 66.7% Elected on 1st count SC SC
    Willingdon 1,7161,7606604,136 75.1% 1,8122,026 SC CCF
    1. There were no Conservative or PC candidates outside Calgary and Edmonton.
    2. including spoilt ballots
      = Open seat
      = turnout is above provincial average
      = Candidate was in previous Legislature
      = Incumbent had switched allegiance
      = Previously incumbent in another riding
      = Not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
      = Incumbency arose from by-election gain
      = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
      = Multiple candidates

    Multi-member districts

      = Candidate was in previous Legislature
      = Candidate had previously been in the Legislature
      = First-time MLA

    STV analysis

    Exhausted votes

    Thirteen districts went beyond first-preference counts in order to determine winning candidates:

    Exhausted votes (1952)
    District Counts Exhausted
    1st preference Final Votes % of 1st pref
    Calgary 41,67340,0191,654 3.97 3.97
     
    Edmonton 52,03947,1494,890 9.40 9.4
     
    Grouard 5,5434,963580 10.46 10.46
     
    Lac Ste. Anne 4,6973,912785 16.71 16.71
     
    Leduc 4,5893,828761 16.58 16.58
     
    Redwater 4,2433,477766 18.05 18.05
     
    St. Albert 5,0064,439567 11.33 11.33
     
    Spirit River 4,3713,459912 20.86 20.86
     
    Stettler 4,6944,520177 3.77 3.77
     
    Stony Plain 4,2713,707564 13.21 13.21
     
    Vegreville 4,5973,949648 14.10 14.1
     
    Vermilion 4,0143,754260 6.48 6.48
     
    Willingdon 4,1363,838298 7.21 7.21
     

    Calgary

    All major parties other than the Progressive Conservatives fielded full slates.

    Party Candidates MLAs elected
    1952 1948 ± 1952 1948 ±
    Social Credit 651Increase422Increase
    Progressive Conservative 55Increase11Increase
    Liberal 651Increase11Steady
    Co-operative Commonwealth 651Increase11Decrease
      Independent Citizen's Association 33Decrease11Decrease
    Labour 11Steady
    Independent Labour 11Increase
    Independent Social Credit 22Decrease
    Labor–Progressive 11Decrease
    Total 25223Increase651Increase
    Calgary (1952 Alberta general election) (six members elected, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference)[4][5]
    PartyCandidateFPv%Count
    12345678910111213141516171819202122
    Social Credit Rose Wilkinson 16.31% 6,796
    Social Credit Howard B. Macdonald 10.11% 4,214 4,346 4,346 4,350 4,355 4,365 4,369 4,371 4,397 4,417 4,442 4,489 4,502 4,547 4,565 4,614 4,696 4,902 4,929 6,167
    Social Credit Frederick C. Colborne 9.54% 3,974 4,252 4,252 4,254 4,258 4,268 4,276 4,298 4,318 4,401 4,420 4,438 4,449 4,470 4,492 4,563 4,607 6,292
    Progressive Conservative Paul Brecken 7.50% 3,126 3,147 3,151 3,154 3,160 3,176 3,179 3,183 3,184 3,211 3,351 3,391 3,886 4,380 4,454 4,552 5,607 5,656 5,657 5,725 5,730 6,269
    Independent Labour Donald Fraser McIntosh 7.02% 2,927 2,940 2,945 2,951 2,956 2,966 2,972 2,977 3,110 3,121 3,142 3,166 3,195 3,228 3,276 3,315 3,371 3,419 3,420 3,550 3,554
    Social Credit Thomas Glen 6.77% 2,820 2,870 2,871 2,872 2,874 2,876 2,890 2,893 2,905 2,911 2,916 2,919 2,926 2,934 2,949 2,966 2,981 3,172 3,199
    Liberal Hugh John MacDonald 6.51% 2,711 2,724 2,724 2,730 2,771 2,833 2,834 2,842 2,867 2,991 3,030 3,547 3,580 3,663 3,675 4,499 4,619 4,659 4,661 4,747 4,750 5,216
    Social Credit Arthur J. Dixon 6.42% 2,677 2,759 2,762 2,763 2,766 2,776 2,776 2,779 2,790 2,816 2,829 2,837 2,840 2,846 2,858 2,874 2,981 3,312 3,586 4,954 5,149 5,966
    Social Credit Clifford Norman Clarke 5.74% 2,390 2,587 2,589 2,592 2,595 2,603 2,607 2,610 2,620 2,681 2,688 2,693 2,710 2,721 2,741 2,758 2,777
    Co-operative Commonwealth Aylmer Liesemer 4.78% 1,991 1,993 2,030 2,136 2,142 2,142 2,380 2,498 2,642 2,651 2,664 2,670 2,681 2,695 3,508 3,528 3,575 3,600 3,601 3,693 3,696 4,706
    Progressive Conservative Philip P. C. Haigh 2.17% 905 908 908 908 924 925 935 937 939 957 1,083 1,098 1,176 1,508 1,523 1,551
    Liberal Melvin E. Shannon 2.06% 857 860 861 865 889 936 937 949 986 1,072 1,100 1,226 1,241 1,266 1,275
    Progressive Conservative John James Zubick 1.93% 806 811 812 814 814 823 825 829 834 839 887 894
    Progressive Conservative W. R. Irwin 1.83% 764 764 764 767 776 779 780 780 782 793 984 996 1,117
    Progressive Conservative Ronald M. Helmer 1.61% 670 672 675 676 685 688 689 693 693 698
    Co-operative Commonwealth Robert T. Alderman 1.52% 633 637 715 735 735 741 798 1,040 1,084 1,097 1,103 1,107 1,140 1,147
    Liberal Alberta Clark 1.35% 563 580 581 582 598 660 662 664 667
    Liberal Collier Maberly 1.33% 555 557 558 563 676 699 699 699 722 850 853
    Labour W. Longridge 1.26% 527 528 529 541 548 550 550 551
    Co-operative Commonwealth George E. Ellinson 0.91% 378 378 396 409 410 410
    Co-operative Commonwealth H. J. Ryan 0.80% 333 334 375 422 422 425 460
    Liberal Richard Thomson 0.75% 313 315 315 317 325
    Liberal J. A. Murray Green 0.69% 287 288 288 289
    Co-operative Commonwealth Harold L. Livergant 0.58% 243 243 251
    Co-operative Commonwealth Ronald W. Stirling 0.51% 213 213
    Exhausted ballots 13 21 29 40 84 101 126 179 213 227 248 276 314 403 499 505 707 712 929 932 1,654
    Electorate: 91,289   Valid: 41,673   Spoilt: 1,694   Quota: 5,954   Turnout: 43,367 (47.5%)  
      Calgary (1952 Alberta general election)
      (analysis of transferred votes, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference)
      Party Candidate Maximum
      round
      Maximum
      votes
      Share in
      maximum
      round
      Maximum votes
      First round votesTransfer votes
      Social Credit Rose Wilkinson 1 6,796 16.31%
      Social Credit Howard B. Macdonald 20 6,167 15.14%
      Social Credit Frederick C. Colborne 18 6,292 15.36%
      PC Paul Brecken 22 6,269 15.67%
      Independent Labour Donald Fraser McIntosh 21 3,554 8.72%
      Social Credit Thomas Glen 19 3,199 7.81%
      Liberal Hugh John MacDonald 22 5,216 13.03%
      Social Credit Arthur J. Dixon 22 5,966 14.91%
      Social Credit Clifford Norman Clarke 17 2,777 6.75%
      CCF Aylmer Liesemer 22 4,706 11.76%
      PC Philip P. C. Haigh 16 1,551 3.77%
      Liberal Melvin E. Shannon 15 1,275 3.09%
      PC John James Zubick 12 894 2.16%
      PC W. R. Irwin 13 1,117 2.70%
      PC Ronald M. Helmer 10 698 1.68%
      CCF Robert T. Alderman 14 1,147 2.77%
      Liberal Alberta Clark 9 667 1.61%
      Liberal Collier Maberly 11 853 1.33%
      Labour W. Longridge 8 551 1.33%
      CCF George Ellinson 6 410 0.99%
      CCF H. J. Ryan 7 460 1.11%
      Liberal Richard Thomson 5 325 0.78%
      Liberal J. A. Murray Green 4 289 0.69%
      CCF Harold L. Livergant 3 251 0.60%
      CCF Ronald W. Stirling 2 213 0.51%
      Exhausted votes 1,654 3.97%

      Edmonton

      All major parties ran full slates. There were also two Labour candidates

      Party Candidates MLAs elected
      1952 1948 ± 1952 1948 ±
      Social Credit 752Increase33Steady
      Liberal 752Increase211Increase
      Co-operative Commonwealth 752Increase11Steady
      Conservative 77Increase11Increase
      Labor–Progressive 11Increase
        Independent Citizen's Association 11Decrease
      Total 291613Increase752Increase
      Edmonton (1952 Alberta general election) (seven members elected, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference)[6]
      PartyCandidateFPv%Count
      1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
      Social Credit Ernest Manning 32.71% 22,014
      Liberal James Harper Prowse 13.96% 7,264 7,264
      Co-operative Commonwealth Elmer Roper 12.74% 6,632 6,632 6,632
      Conservative John Percy Page 4.25% 2,212 2,761 2,810 2,817 2,851 2,898 2,996 3,006 3,016 3,289 3,410 3,421 3,443 3,466 3,564 3,576 3,787 3,830 3,856 4,804 4,948 5,017 5,188 5,267 5,291 5,504
      Social Credit Joseph Donovan Ross 3.38% 1,757 4,967 4,977 4,977 4,981 4,988 4,995 4,997 5,003 5,028 5,044 5,058 5,069 5,085 5,126 5,139 5,189 5,499 5,516 5,711 5,766 6,205 6,328 7,126
      Social Credit Ambrose Holowach 2.65% 1,381 2,659 2,660 2,661 2,662 2,664 2,667 2,670 2,671 2,677 2,681 2,686 2,691 2,716 2,730 2,734 2,748 3,252 3,278 3,363 3,695 4,005 4,110 4,540 4,745 4,809
      Liberal Andre Milville Dechene 2.57% 1,340 1,389 1,471 1,471 1,471 1,472 1,479 1,481 1,482 1,487 1,521 1,526 1,749 1,751 1,860 1,866 2,252 2,257 2,268 2,305 2,587 2,839
      Liberal Peter Lazarowich 2.18% 1,136 1,214 1,280 1,282 1,283 1,288 1,290 1,291 1,293 1,297 1,317 1,337 1,379 1,405 1,592 1,596 1,735 1,748 1,776 1,815
      Social Credit Harry D. Carrigan 2.18% 1,135 1,814 1,818 1,819 1,821 1,826 1,832 1,834 1,838 1,841 1,850 1,852 1,935 1,936 1,949 1,956 1,986 2,152 2,158 2,211 2,230
      Social Credit Stella M. Baker 2.16% 1,126 2,251 2,253 2,253 2,254 2,257 2,271 2,273 2,276 2,280 2,285 2,290 2,295 2,306 2,320 2,341 2,385 2,554 2,567 2,646 2,676 3,033 3,084
      Conservative Marshall E. Manning 2.04% 1,060 1,194 1,202 1,203 1,212 1,227 1,269 1,269 1,272 1,358 1,628 1,636 1,644 1,654 1,673 1,677 1,727 1,754 1,770
      Liberal Harold Tanner 1.68% 875 1,037 1,258 1,261 1,269 1,282 1,296 1,300 1,309 1,352 1,372 1,376 1,441 1,477 1,755 1,765 2,157 2,178 2,200 2,274 2,897 2,953 4,621 4,667 4,680 4,921
      Social Credit Williston Haszard 1.60% 834 1,609 1,610 1,610 1,612 1,614 1,616 1,619 1,619 1,624 1,629 1,632 1,638 1,644 1,659 1,664 1,679
      Labor–Progressive Bernard Swankey 1.58% 824 831 833 833 835 845 845 847 866 871 872 881 881
      Liberal Cora Casselman 1.57% 819 964 1,091 1,092 1,093 1,097 1,123 1,126 1,131 1,165 1,180 1,185 1,318 1,333 1,467 1,484
      Social Credit Edgar Gerhart 1.48% 769 2,601 2,603 2,603 2,603 2,606 2,610 2,626 2,632 2,638 2,648 2,655 2,664 2,670 2,692 2,701 2,736 3,090 3,103 3,201 3,225 3,834 3,895 5,416 5,791 5,895
      Co-operative Commonwealth Robert Atkin 1.26% 658 683 685 705 705 708 714 771 819 822 824 927 927 1,044 1,054
      Liberal Laurette C. Douglas 1.21% 632 664 709 709 711 713 719 723 727 732 748 749
      Co-operative Commonwealth Roy Jamha 1.19% 619 641 643 656 656 656 658 833 902 905 908 1,055 1,057 1,192 1,209 1,688 1,698 1,705
      Co-operative Commonwealth Arthur E. Thornton 1.18% 612 640 642 664 665 668 677 718 917 920 924 1,152 1,154 1,323 1,341 1,709 1,728 1,734 3,004 3,024 3,057 3,076 3,114 3,135 3,139
      Liberal Duncan Innes 1.17% 608 727 837 837 838 841 842 846 848 868 883 893 1,007 1,014
      Co-operative Commonwealth Floyd Albin Johnson 0.96% 500 522 524 538 538 539 542 590 648 648 649
      Conservative Marcel Lambert 0.83% 432 480 484 484 490 508 586 587 587 609
      Conservative Frederick John Mitchell 0.83% 430 531 537 538 543 553 574 575 576
      Co-operative Commonwealth Norman Finnemore 0.79% 413 427 428 439 439 440 440
      Co-operative Commonwealth Winnifred Scott 0.74% 383 410 414 444 446 448 453 496
      Conservative Mrs. Arnold Taylor 0.52% 272 300 303 303 322 375
      Conservative John A. L. Smith 0.36% 189 205 207 207 220
      Conservative Edward Sturrock 0.20% 105 117 118 118
      Exhausted ballots 0 0 0 4 11 30 46 92 113 151 213 232 508 533 628 717 771 1,028 1,170 1,443 1,562 2,184 2,373 2,373 4,890
      Electorate: 108,424   Valid: 52,039   Spoilt: 5,217   Quota: 6,505   Turnout: 57,256 (52.8%)  
        Edmonton (1952 Alberta general election)
        (analysis of transferred votes, candidates ranked in order of 1st preference)
        Party Candidate Maximum
        round
        Maximum
        votes
        Share in
        maximum
        round
        Maximum votes
        First round votesTransfer votes
        Social Credit Ernest Manning 1 17,022 32.71%
        Liberal James Harper Prowse 1 7,264 13.96%
        CCF Elmer Roper 1 6,632 12.74%
        Conservative John Percy Page 26 5,504 10.37%
        Social Credit Joseph Donovan Ross 24 7,126 14.35%
        Social Credit Ambrose Holowach 26 4,809 10.20%
        Liberal Andre Milville Dechene 22 2,839 5.62%
        Liberal Peter Lazarowich 20 1,815 3.57%
        Social Credit Harry D. Carrigan 21 2,230 4.41%
        Social Credit Stella M. Baker 23 3,084 6.19%
        Conservative Marshall E. Manning 19 1,770 3.47%
        Liberal Harold Tanner 26 4,921 10.44%
        Social Credit Williston Haszard 17 1,679 3.27%
        LPP Bernard Swankey 13 881 1.70%
        Liberal Cora Casselman 16 1,484 2.89%
        Social Credit Edgar Gerhart 26 5,895 12.50%
        CCF Robert Atkin 15 1,054 2.05%
        Liberal Laurette C. Douglas 12 749 1.45%
        CCF Roy Jamha 18 1,705 3.33%
        CCF Arthur Thornton 25 3,139 6.32%
        Liberal Duncan Innes 14 1,014 1.97%
        CCF Floyd Albin Johnson 11 649 1.25%
        Conservative Marcel Lambert 10 609 1.17%
        Conservative Frederick John Mitchell 9 576 1.11%
        CCF Norman Finnemore 7 440 0.85%
        CCF Winnifred Scott 8 496 0.95%
        Conservative Mrs. Arnold Taylor 6 375 0.72%
        Conservative John A. L. Smith 5 220 0.42%
        Conservative Edward Sturrock 4 118 0.23%
        Exhausted votes 4,890 9.40%

        See also

        References

        1. A Report on Alberta Elections, p. 75
        2. An Act to Amend The Legislative Assembly Act, S.A. 1950, c. 36
        3. A Century of Democracy: Elections of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, 1905-2005. Edmonton: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. pp. 180–193. ISBN 0-9689217-9-5.
        4. "How The Surpluses Were Distributed". Calgary Albertan. August 7, 1952. p. 3.
        5. "20 Hours Required To Tally All Votes". Calgary Albertan. August 7, 1952. pp. 1, 3.
        6. "How Edmonton Chose M.L.A.s By Numerical Vote". Edmonton Journal. August 7, 1952. p. 2.
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